秦王[1]饮酒
李贺
秦王骑虎游八极[2]，剑光照空天自碧。
羲和敲日玻璃声[3]，劫灰飞尽古今平[4]。
龙头泻酒邀酒星[5]，金槽琵琶夜枨枨[6]。
洞庭雨脚来吹笙，酒酣喝月使倒行。
银云栉栉瑶殿明[7]，宫门掌事[8]报一更。
花楼玉凤声娇狞[9]，海绡红文[10]香浅清，
黄鹅跌舞千年觥[11]。仙人烛树[12]蜡烟轻，
清琴[13]醉眼泪泓泓[14]。
注释：
[1] 秦王：秦始皇。
[2] 八极：四面八方，这里指天下各地。
[3] “羲和”句：羲和，传说为太阳驾车的神。敲日，鞭打着太阳。玻璃声，发出敲打玻璃的声音。
[4] “劫灰”句：劫灰，劫火的余灰。飞尽，灾难结束。
[5] 酒星：传说中主管饮宴的星君。
[6] “金槽”句：金槽，用金装饰琵琶上端架弦的地方。枨枨（chénɡ），琵琶声。
[7] “银云”句：银云，映着月光的云彩。栉栉（zhì），排列整齐的样子。瑶殿，华美的宫殿。
[8] 宫门掌事：掌管宫里杂事的人。
[9] “花楼”句：玉凤，歌女。娇狞，歌声婉转。
[10] 海绡（xiāo）红文：用海绡纱做的红色花纹的舞衣。
[11] “黄鹅”句：黄鹅，即黄娥，歌姬舞女。跌舞，献酒时的舞蹈动作。觥（ɡōnɡ），酒器。
[12] 仙人烛树：指高大的烛台。
[13] 清琴：借指宫女。
[14] 泪泓泓（hónɡ）：眼泪汪汪。
The Drinking Song of the King of Qin
Li He
The King of Qin rode the tiger to eight Poles high:
His sword shone in the air and brightened the blue sky.
His driver struck the sun with a glass-breaking sound;
All were reduced to ashes on the battleground.
Stars were invited to drink wine poured from dragon’s head;
The golden pipa played at night would grieve the dead.
The rain treading on Dongting Lake would blow the lute;
The King ordered the moon to go back to its root.
Silver cloud on cloud made the crystal palace bright;
The gate-keeper announced it was still early night.
The phoenix in the tower sang her bewitching song;
Clear fragrance of ladies’ silken dress wafted long.
The dancers drank to his health of a thousand years.
From the candles on the fairy trees rose smoke light.
From the lutist’s drunken eyes streamed down copious tears.
The poet imagines how the King of Qin drank like an immortal.
《秦王饮酒》是唐代诗人李贺的代表作之一。此诗前四句写秦王的英武，歌颂他平定了战乱，使天下太平；第五句以下描写他通宵达旦饮酒作乐的豪华场面。全诗几乎每一句都出人意料，无论是现实的描写还是虚拟的想像，无论比喻、夸张还是白描，无论意象选择还是遣词用语，都与一般诗人不同，颇能体现李贺诗歌想像奇谲诡异的特点。
The poem “The Drinking Song of the King of Qin” is one of the masterpieces of the Tang Dynasty poet Li He. The first four lines of the poem are about the King of Qin’s heroism, praising him for pacifying the war and making the world peaceful; the following fifth line describes the luxurious scene of him drinking wine and having fun all night long. Almost every line of the poem is unexpected, whether it is a realistic description or a virtual imagination, whether it is a metaphor, an exaggeration or a white description, whether it is the choice of imagery or the wording, all of which are different from those of ordinary poets, quite reflecting the strange and bizarre characteristics of Li He’s poetry and imagination.
