丑奴儿
书博山[1]道中壁
辛弃疾
少年不识愁滋味，
爱上层楼。
爱上层楼，
为赋新词强说愁[2]。
而今识尽愁滋味，
欲说还休。
欲说还休，
却道天凉好个秋。
注释：
[1]博山：博山在今江西省上饶市广丰县西南。淳熙八年（1181年）辛弃疾罢职退居上饶，常过博山。
[2]强说愁：无愁而勉强说愁。古代诗歌多有“以悲为美”的习惯，故而词人为赋新词，要勉强说愁。韩愈《荆潭唱和诗序》：“欢愉之辞难工，而穷苦之言易好也。”方文《涂山续集》：“其中妙诀无多语，只有销魂与断肠。”
Song of Ugly Slave
· Write on a wall in Mountain Bo
Xin Qiji
While young, I knew no grief I could not bear;
I’d like to go upstair.
I’d like to go upstair
To write new verses with a false despair.
I know what grief is now that I am old;
I would not have it told.
I would not have it told,
But only say I’m glad that autumn’s cold.
注释：
The poet compares the grief of youth and age.
《丑奴儿·书博山道中壁》是宋代词人辛弃疾创作的一首词。此词通篇言愁，上片描绘出少年涉世未深却故作深沉的情态，下片写出满腹愁苦却无处倾诉的抑郁，通过“少年”时与“而今”的对比，表达了作者受压抑、遭排挤、报国无门的痛苦之情。全词突出地渲染了一个“愁”字，以此作为贯串全篇的线索，构思精巧，感情真率而又委婉，言浅意深，令人回味无穷。
“Song of Ugly Slave · Write on a wall in Mountain Bo” is a lyric written by Xin Qiji of the Song Dynasty. The upper part of the poem portrays the mood of a young man who is not yet deeply involved in the world but is pretending to be deep, and the lower part of the poem shows the depression of a man who is full of sorrow but has nowhere to talk about it. The contrast between “youth” and “now” expresses the author’s painful feelings of being repressed, ostracized and unable to serve his country. The word “sorrow” is prominently used as a clue to the whole piece, which is well thought out, with sincere and euphemistic feelings, shallow words and deep meaning.
