如何成为多面神探福尔摩斯

He changed his name, so he always said,
是因为他曾爱上
because he’d once been
一个叫艾琳或者艾利的姑娘
in love with a girl called Eileen, or Eille,
而他本人又住在诺伍德
and he lived in Norwood,
所以把这两者组合成了名字
and he put these two things together.
默片中的福尔摩斯
Tricky to do, Sherlock Holmes,
并不好演
on the silent screen,
因为故事情节的发展
because it depends so much upon
可怜的圣克莱太太将箱子交给了我
但是恐怕事情非常简单
很大程度上需要依靠
those set-piece explanations
简明扼要的间幕
of how things happened.
为了极力呈现
What Norwood did was concentrate upon staging the idea
福尔摩斯的思考过程
of Holmes thinking, so much so that
诺伍德甚至将头发
he even had his head shaved
修剪到了太阳穴以上
up to the temples
以使自己
in order to make himself
看上去更睿智
look more intellectual.
诺伍德的系列电影
The Norwood series of films
也将福尔摩斯带入了新的时代
also began the trend of placing Holmes in a new era.
电影背景设定在1920年代
They went in for a contemporary 1920s setting –
这个皮卡迪利广场上的常客被人称作歪唇男人
这是当代版本的福尔摩斯
this was Holmes for the Modern Age –
电影卖♥♥点之一就是实地拍摄
and one of their highlights was in their use of real locations.
但是仍在继续创作的
But how would Arthur Conan Doyle,
亚瑟·柯南道尔
who was still writing Holmes stories set in period,
会对当代版本的演绎作何评价呢
react to such a modernising approach?
柯南道尔表示了认可
Conan Doyle gave it his official stamp of approval.
他们见面之后相互敬酒
They met and they toasted each other
并向对方表示了由衷的感谢
and gave each other grateful thanks,
因此诺伍德成为了第一个
so he is the first screen Holmes
原创作者正式认可的银幕版福尔摩斯
to come with the proper official endorsement of Holmes’s creator.
随着艾利·诺伍德
Following Eille Norwood’s
四十七部精彩的默片
impressive and successful run of
大获成功
47 silent quickies,
福尔摩斯变成了
Sherlock Holmes now became
影院里的招牌
a staple subject for the cinema.
但接下来的几年 电影表演
But over the next few years, the performances on screen
逐渐变得缓慢 造作
tended to be slow and over-studious affairs,
只有亚瑟·沃特纳那神似佩吉特插画的扮相
only Arthur Wontner’s authentic Paget-like performance
给人留下了印象
making any real impression.
演绎法啊 亲爱的华生
Elementary, my dear Watson.
福尔摩斯需要真正的巨星待遇
What Sherlock needed was the film-star treatment
到了1939年 欧洲战争一触即发
and, in 1939, with Europe on the brink of war
观众渴望看到架空的冒险题材
and cinema audiences eager for escapist adventure,
他终将得偿所愿
he would get just that.
福尔摩斯正要被好莱坞重拍
Sherlock Holmes was about to be reimagined by Hollywood.
那个勇于接受挑战
And the actor who took up the challenge
并成功重新定义福尔摩斯的男演员
and went on to define it was,
就是巴希尔·拉斯伯恩
of course, Basil Rathbone.
莫里亚蒂教授
Oh, Professor Moriarty…
对我来说 大银幕上
On the screen, for me,
最完美的福尔摩斯 是巴希尔·拉斯伯恩
the perfect Holmes – Basil Rathbone.
拉斯伯恩就是那么优雅而迷人
With Rathbone, he just had a great elegance and charm.
他有那种温文尔雅又沉着冷静的天然气质
He was very smooth and cool with it,
他就像是007式的人物
he was sort of a Bond figure.
绝对是拉斯伯恩
It’s always been Rathbone,
每当我想到其他扮演者时
and when I think of the other ones,
我总是将拉斯伯恩的形象叠加在他们身上
I tend to sort of superimpose Rathbone on it, really.
人们看到他时并不是想他
People look at him on screen and think…
是否符合亚瑟·柯南道尔的描述
not, does this accord with the Arthur Conan Doyle stories?
《战时的福尔摩斯电影》作者
而是与自己的想象有多大差距
But, does this accord with the Holmes that’s in my imagination?
而我觉得这是拉斯伯恩最成功的地方
And I think that’s where Rathbone was particularly successful.
他长得像福尔摩斯
He looked like Holmes,
他体型瘦长 外表俊朗
he was lean physique, he had a sharp profile,
言谈举止自信大方
he had a confident manner,
还说着一口犀利的英式英语
and an incisive English accent,
他还拥有着几近傲慢的气质
and he had that almost
这也容易让人联想到福尔摩斯
arrogant air that people associate with Holmes.
埃奇韦尔路上的血案发生后
A whole day and a night have gone by
已经过去了一整天了
since that bestial affair in Edgware Road.
拉斯伯恩把握住了那种冷静沉着
Rathbone manages to capture that cool,
不近人情又善于思考的思维方式
ascetic, calm, thinking mind.
我想福尔摩斯肯定
I suppose there is something slightly…
多少都会有一些孤僻
autistic, we might say now, about Holmes.
对情感体验无能
A lack of connection with feeling,
这些都使得他如此引人注目
which is one of the things that makes him so compelling.
二十世纪福克斯公♥司♥的
20th Century Fox’s
巴斯克维尔的猎犬
The Hound of the Baskervilles
是第一部大成本制♥作♥的
was to be the very first
福尔摩斯电影
big-budget Sherlock Holmes movie.
令人惊讶的是 它也是第一部
And surprisingly, it was the first
以当下为背景的福尔摩斯电影
Sherlock Holmes film to be set in period,
在战争一触即发的时局下
as a Victorian gas-lit adventure
维多利亚时代的冒险故事
was felt to be at a comfortable distance for audiences
对观众来说有种舒适的距离感
from the realities of impending war.
拉斯伯恩被钦点为福尔摩斯的扮演者
Rathbone had been chosen personally for the part
相中他的正是制片厂老板 达瑞尔·F·扎努克
by the studio boss himself – Darryl F Zanuck.
扎努克事必躬亲
Zanuck had a very hands-on approach.
他要一个聪明 洞察力强的福尔摩斯
He wanted Holmes to be a clever, observing fellow,
而不是个玩杂耍的福尔摩斯
not the sort of chap who pulled rabbits out of the hat.
所以 他要拍出推理的味道
So, in other words, he wanted it to be about deduction.
然而扎努克还操纵着剧本的编写
But Zanuck’s control also extended to the script,
他故意在剧中添加了一句台词
and there was one line that he mysteriously added,
第一次在电影中
which would, for the first time on film,
提到了福尔摩斯最具争议的嗜好
mention Sherlock Holmes’s most controversial vice,
可♥卡♥因♥
his cocaine habit.
拉斯伯恩走出房♥间时说的最后一句台词
The very last line as Rathbone goes out of the room…
他打开门走进另一个房♥间
He opens the door to go into another room,
他说 华生 针头
he says, “Watson, the needle!”
华生 针头
Watson, the needle.
这句台词违反了海斯法典
The line contravened the Hays Code,
好莱坞的道德审查手册
Hollywood’s moral censorship guide,
里面规定了哪些可以
which dictated what could and
哪些不可以被搬上银幕
could not be mentioned on screen.
这是一句很特殊的台词 你必须明确说明
There was actually a specific line where you had to tick
这句话没有暗示毒品
to say that you had not referred to narcotics.
针头这个词在巴斯克维尔的猎犬
The needle is all over the press book
电影宣传手册中到处都是
for The Hound of the Baskervilles.
华生这个形象画得很精彩
In fact, there is a wonderful figure of Watson,
他在巨大注射器的重压下奋力支撑
struggling under the weight of a giant syringe
上边写着 华生 针头
and the caption says, “Watson…the needle!”
-华生 -来了 福尔摩斯
– Watson! – Coming, Holmes!
也正是在这些电影中 华生医生的角色
And it was in these films too that the character of Dr Watson
第一次在银幕上和福尔摩斯
finally caught up with Holmes to take equal billing
有了同等重要的位置
on screen for the first time.
非常感谢你的及时协助
Thank you for your timely assistance.
说真的华生 你不觉得自己太胖了点吗
Really, Watson, aren’t you a little stout for this sort of thing?
胡说 在我这个年纪这可是理想身材
Rubbish. Ideal weight for a man of my age…
奈吉尔·布鲁斯扮演的华生医生
‘The character of Watson is certainly not’
当然和原著中的形象不同
what Dr Watson was…played by Nigel Bruce.
他非常幽默滑稽 令人难忘
It’s unforgettable and extremely funny.
在看着这些人物的时候
‘What you get there is a sense of’
你会有一种搭档演出的感觉
these figures being a double act,
我想 就像
in the way, I suppose,
阿伯特和科斯特洛
that Abbott and Costello were a double act,
或者鲍勃·霍普和冰·克罗斯比搭档出演那样
or the way in which Bob Hope and Bing Crosby were a double act.
-我说 福尔摩斯 -怎么
– I say, Holmes? – What?
已经早上了
It’s morning.
请允许我向你做出的精彩推理
Allow me to congratulate you
表示衷心的祝贺
on a brilliant bit of deduction
而每当福尔摩斯做出推理