如何成为多面神探福尔摩斯

媒体表示强烈抗♥议♥
There was an outcry in the press.
据说还有人戴黑纱哀悼
It’s said that men wore black crepe armbands,
更传说有两万人
and legend reports that 20,000 people
取消订阅刊登这则消息的
cancelled their subscription to The Strand Magazine,
《斯特兰德》杂♥志♥
in which the stories were published.
道尔因此被辱骂中伤
Doyle was vilified for what he’d done,
甚至在大街上遭到袭击
and even attacked in the street.
但为什么这个谜一般的英雄
But what is it about this inscrutable hero
不论何时都能引起强烈的反响呢
that elicits such strong feelings, both then and now?
夏洛克·福尔摩斯最独特的一点是
The most important thing about Sherlock Holmes is that
他做事的风格总是十分新颖
what he was doing was new in the form in which he did it,
然后便流行起来
and immensely popular,
小说家
就像对这类侦探读物的需求
as if there was some need for this kind of reading that had,
《斯特兰德》杂♥志♥
直到现在也未被满足
until now, not been met.
柯南·道尔
《福尔摩斯新探险》
当然还有很多侦探小说 有埃德加·爱伦·坡的
Of course there’d been detective stories by Edgar Allan Poe
法国非常有名的侦探阿塞纳·卢平
and the French detective Arsene Lupin, very famous in France,
演员
还有其他的 但这些侦探
and others, but none had had the impact
都比不上福尔摩斯
of the stories about Holmes.
他有学识渊博的大脑
He had a brain which seemed to be more varied in knowledge
超强的推理能力无人能及
and ability and deduction than anyone else.
他是独一无二的
He was unique.
现在也是
He still is.
迫于公众对福尔摩斯葬身莱辛巴♥赫♥瀑布的愤怒
Such was the furore over Holmes’ Reichenbach Fall
1901年柯南道尔不得不让他复活
that in 1901, Conan Doyle was forced to bring him back.
他从未想到
Little could he have realised
福尔摩斯会从书中走出来
then that Holmes would step off the page
在一种全新的媒介中流传下去
and live on forever in a brand-new cultural medium.
他的回归 以及持续走高的人气
His return, and the subsequent rise in his appeal,
《福尔摩斯的困惑》
正遇上电影的萌芽
coincided with the coming of film.
夏洛克·福尔摩斯
电影蓬勃发展的时代 编剧 导演 还有演员
Right from the dawn of cinema, writers, directors and, above all,
夏洛克·福尔摩斯
《广播时报》
有机会与福尔摩斯这个角色近距离接触
actors would more than embrace the character of Sherlock Holmes.
《广播时报》
这成了当时最棒的角色之一
It has become one of the great parts to play,
那种轻轻松松
that relaxed control,
演员
甩你好远的感觉
and still be just leagues ahead of everybody else,
从不曾真正陷入险境
never really in danger.
他的气质 敏捷的思维和残忍♥
There is a temperature and speed of thought and ferocity to him
我觉得很难演好
which I find difficult to change into.
我尽力演得自然
It’s the thing I try to make look natural,
但剧组里的人
but anyone who’s worked with me
都说不够自然
on the show will tell you it’s not!
夏洛克·福尔摩斯有两大特点
Sherlock Holmes is two things.
他行动力很强
He’s a man of action
却又喜欢思考
and he’s also a man of deep thought.
这两点是演员喜欢表现的
And these are two things that actors love to latch onto
作家&播音员
因为扮演夏洛克·福尔摩斯
because when you play Sherlock Holmes,
就可以随意奔跑 打斗
you can do all sorts of running and fighting,
还能有思考的时候
but then you’ve also got those moments of calculation,
有时当摄像机
you’ve got those moments where the camera
向演员的脸拉近镜头
comes in towards the face of that brooding actor,
《夏洛克·福尔摩斯: 歪唇男人》
让观众进入他的思维
where we get right into the thoughts of this man,
大家就能看到他眼里
and we get to see something mysterious
闪烁着思维的火花
flickering across his eyes.
我觉得福尔摩斯的影视作品都还不错
I think the screen, on the whole, has done it pretty well.
都找到了演技出众
It’s managed to find actors who are good actors
形象相近的演员
and look rather alike.
因为画家已经用插画描绘了他的故事
Because, after all, these stories were illustrated, and by a good illustrator.
大家都知道夏洛克什么样
We know what Sherlock looks like,
或者说应该什么样
or should look like.
这是原版插画作者 西德尼·佩吉特
It was the story’s original illustrator, Sidney Paget,
他是首个画出夏洛克·福尔摩斯形象的人
who created the first visual depiction of Sherlock Holmes.
是佩吉特给了福尔摩斯一顶猎鹿帽
It was Paget who gave Holmes his deerstalker hat
和一件长披风
and his inverness cape,
那些柯南道尔书中没有的细节
details that were never mentioned in Conan Doyle’s stories.
佩吉特创造的形象根深蒂固 无法取代
The Paget drawings are sort of ingrained. They just are.
那个侧影 戴着猎鹿帽的形象
That silhouette, and the image of the deerstalker.
和故事一样深入人心
it’s as iconic as any of the stories, really.
小说里的插画广为流传
In drawing him so distinctly for a vast readership,
佩吉特让福尔摩斯成为了
Paget not only secured Holmes something approaching
英国的标志 像约翰牛[类似山姆大叔]甚至古不列颠
national emblem status – like John Bull, or even Britannia,
还为将来的演员
but also provided a visual template
树立了标杆
for future actors playing the part.
可夏洛克·福尔摩斯的荧幕发展史
And the story of Sherlock Holmes on screen
威廉·吉利特版夏洛克·福尔摩斯
其实始于一部舞台剧
really begins with Sherlock Holmes on stage.
首位演福尔摩斯的杰出演员
The first prominent actor to play Holmes
是深受全美观众喜爱的威廉·吉利特
was an American matinee idol, William Gillette,
倾情演绎的
in his own version.
《夏洛克·福尔摩斯》 一部四幕剧
Sherlock Holmes, A Drama in Four Acts.
演员蒂姆·皮格特·史密斯在1970年代
The actor Tim Pigott-Smith played Dr Watson
吉利版本的第一次重演中饰演华生医生
in the first major revival of Gillette’s play, in the 1970s.
威廉·吉利特版
夏洛克·福尔摩斯
皇家大剧院
吉利是维多利亚时代典型的演员经理
Gillette was an absolutely archetypal Victorian actor manager.
皇家大剧院
威廉·吉利特版
夏洛克·福尔摩斯
这个职位现在不存在了
That particular role doesn’t really exist now,
不过当时却是不可或缺
but then, it was the way the theatre worked.
和佩吉特的插图一样
And like the Paget illustrations,
吉利将新元素加入
Gillette added new elements
这些传统一直延续至今
to the character that endure to this day.
在佩吉特的插图中
In the Paget drawings,
福尔摩斯使用直式烟斗
Holmes is smoking a straight pipe,
而吉利换成了弯式
and Gillette introduced the curved pipe.
因为这样可以露出嘴
The theory is that it was better for the mouth,
观众可以完整地看到他的脸
that the audience could see him more clearly.
当然还有福尔摩斯的名句
And, of course, the famous phrase
“演绎法啊 亲爱的华生”
“Elementary, my dear Watson”
也是出自吉利的原创
was also an invention of Gillette’s.
他带着他的舞台剧到处巡演
He toured the play extensively.
在整个英国家喻户晓
He brought it to England,
当时只有11岁的查尔斯卓别林
where the young Charles Chaplin,
也在其中饰演了一个叫比利的小听差
aged 11, played Billy the pageboy.
舞台剧大获成功
He made a lot of money out of it.
吉利也因此大赚一笔
It was phenomenally successful.
此剧也为以后的电影版本提供了参考
The play would serve as a blueprint for future film versions,
尤其是在1916年威廉·吉利特
especially after William Gillette
将自己的舞台剧搬上银幕之后
committed his famous stage performance to film in 1916.
很可惜 电影胶片已经遗失
The film, alas, is now lost
只有极少数的片段留存
and only these few production stills survive,
这部电影里 佩吉特的道具
but it presented for the first time on screen
和吉利的台词
the popular image of Sherlock Holmes,
一起塑造了一个
with all the accessories and phrases
深入人心的福尔摩斯
that Paget and Gillette had given him,
此后的扮演者们
and which many, if not all,
也将其中大部分一一保留
subsequent actors playing Holmes have adopted.
第一组真正的福尔摩斯系列电影
The first Sherlock Holmes films
从1921年的欧内斯特开始上映
started in Earnest in 1921,
由斯托尔电影公♥司♥出品
made by Stoll Picture Productions,
斯托尔电影公♥司♥出品
场景设置在架空的克里考伍德
in the unlikely setting of Cricklewood…
大侦探福尔摩斯
原著作者
亚瑟·柯南道尔
扮演大侦探的人名字很怪
with the curiously named
叫艾利·诺伍德
Eille Norwood as Sherlock Holmes.
艾利·诺伍德的真名叫安东尼·布雷特
Eille Norwood’s real name was Anthony Brett.
《歪唇男人》
据他本人说 他之所以改名