艾滋病的真相（2017）

a really effective public health campaign
公共卫生宣导 会导致的后果
in the early stages of an HIV epidemic.
英国的宣导做得很好
So,in the UK,we did.
但南非并没有
In South Africa,they didn’t.
所以现在这里有700万人感染艾滋病毒
So today,there are 7 million people living here with HIV.
感染率是世界上数一数二的高
It has one of the highest infection rates in the world.
这里是对抗艾滋病毒的最前线
This is the front line of the war against the virus.
为了消灭这种流行病
In a bid to end the epidemic,
联♥合♥国♥已设下极具野心的全球目标
the UN has now set an ambitious global target.
称之为90 90 90
They’re calling it 90-90-90.
诊断出90%的艾滋病毒感染者
Diagnosis of 90% of people with HIV,
为90%的感染者用药
getting 90% of those onto medication,
以及抑制感染者体内90%的病毒
and suppressing the virus in 90% of those.
最新的科学模型显示
The latest scientific models show
如果90 90 90的目标达成
that if the 90-90-90 goal is achieved,
可望在15年内消灭这种流行病
it could end the epidemic in less than 15 years.
所以我要拜访夸祖鲁纳塔尔的一间诊所
So I’m heading to a clinic in KwaZulu-Natal,
这里是南非情况最为严重的省份
the hardest-hit province in South Africa,
去看看他们如何努力达成目标
to see how they’re trying to reach that target.
当我抵达时 我趁机跟当地人聊天
As I arrive,I take the opportunity to speak with some locals who are
他们在诊所外卖♥♥水果
selling fruit outside the clinic.
你们好吗 介意跟我聊聊吗?
How are you guys?Do you mind talking to me?
没问题
THEY SPEAK ZULU
我们正在拍摄关于艾滋病毒的节目
We’re making a programme about HIV,
我想听听你们的看法
and I wanted to know what you all thought about it.
(外语)
THEY SPEAK ZULU
(外语)
我的祖鲁语恐怕有点不太好
My Zulu is a bit rusty,I’m afraid.
(外语)
这位女士说
The lady,she’s saying,basically,
她的子女都过世了
all the kids have passed away
因为感染艾滋病毒
because of HIV.
我不知道情况有多严重
I hadn’t understood how serious it was.
我失去所有家人
我的公婆和六名子女
她失去六名子女?
She has lost six children?
对
Yeah.Yes.OK.
我很遗憾
I’m very sorry.I’m very sorry.
谢谢
Thank you.
年轻人了解这种病吗?
Is it a thing that young people understand?
知道 但到处鬼混时 就忘了
(外语)
保险套被乱丢 我去捡起来
这是你从诊所拿到的吗?
You get these from the clinic?
对 是从诊所拿的
多数男人认为戴保险套
是白人男性才会做的事
他们真的不想戴保险套
他们生病后 去诊所检查
通常都来不及 最后都没命
无论做什么心理准备 还是难以承受这些故事
Nothing can prepare you for hearing stories like these,
但在麦卡布兹拉诊所
but at the Macabuzela Clinic,
他们天天都得面对这种事
this is what they’re dealing with every single day.
(外语)
SINGING IN ZULU
因此看到他们每天早上都高唱振奋人心的歌♥曲
Which is why it’s all the more amazing that they begin each morning
就更令人感到佩服了
with such an uplifting song.
(外语)
这间诊所负责的地区 有一万三千名人口
The clinic covers an area of 13,000 people,
大概跟英国的家庭医师 差不多一样忙碌
roughly the same as a busy GP practice in the UK.
两者治疗的许多疾病都一样
And many of the common conditions they treat are the same.
(麦卡布兹拉诊所 疾病档案)
高血压 糖尿病
High blood pressure,diabetes,
精神疾病 癫痫 腹泻 气喘
mental health,epilepsy,diarrhoea,asthma.
但名单顶端上头最显眼的
But strikingly,at the top of the list is the term
是“艾滋病毒感染者与艾滋病患”
“People living with HIV and AIDS”.
我很想了解 为什么艾滋病毒在这里这么肆虐
I really want to understand why HIV is so widespread in this part of the world.
第一位病患是青少年
The first patient is a teenager.
两个月前 刚诊断出感染艾滋病毒
Diagnosed HIV-positive just two months ago,
她希望保持匿名
she prefers to stay anonymous.
发现自己受感染是什么感觉?
What was it like to find out you were positive?
我很崩溃
你有告诉妈妈吗?
You told your mum?
没有 只告诉我哥
你只告诉哥哥
You told your brother,OK.
所以不是你的妈妈和你的……所以只有一个人知道？
So not your mum and your…So only one person knows?
你知道是谁害你感染吗?
Do you know the person that you think you caught it off?
我认识他
你有告诉他吗?
Did you tell him?
没有 -为什么?
No.Why?
他跟我差25岁
也比你年长25岁?
He’s 25 years older than you?
所以他45岁左右
He’s in his mid-40s.
当你发生性行为时 会不会担心感染艾滋病毒?
OK.When you had sex,were you worried about HIV?
你有说“你应该戴保险套”吗？
Did you say,”We should use a condom”?
他说“何必要戴保险套?
我又没病”
因为她爱这个男的
And because she was in love with him,
就让他进行无安全措施的性行为 -了解 -对
just allowed him to do unprotected sex.OK.Yeah.
他们才约会一个礼拜
They just dated for a week.
他跟她上完床就甩掉她
He just slept with her,then dumped her.
噢 天啊
OK.Gosh.
她们很脆弱
也许因为家境贫苦
男人只要给她们十块钱
就可以跟她们上♥床♥
十块钱或其他金额
或买♥♥炸鸡给她们
他们只想要她们的身体
传染给她们 然后走人
这名女孩来拿处方药
The girl collects her prescription,
跟英国相同的抗逆转滤病毒药物
the same anti-retroviral drugs as in the UK,
然后去上学
and heads to school.
这是很绝望的故事 但并非特例
It’s a desperate story,but not unusual.
南非这地区的青少女 终其一生有八成机率
Teenage girls in this part of South Africa have an 80% chance
可能感染艾滋病毒
of becoming HIV positive during their lifetime.
你对这个情况有什么感觉? 因为你是年轻女性
How does this make you feel?Because you’re a young woman.
这是否会让你不信任男人?
Does this make you mistrust men?
男人不会去医院
也不去诊所
只在病入膏肓时 才会就医
通常到那时候 就为时已晚了
So often by then it’s too late.
多半时候都太晚了
It’s too late most of the time.
并不是药物短缺 造成这里的人丧命
It’s not a shortage of drugs that is killing people here.
现在南非的抗逆转滤病毒药物治疗计划
South Africa now has the biggest anti-retroviral treatment programme
规模居全世界之冠
anywhere in the world.
对我们医生来说
For a doctor like me,
真的令人困惑 因为每年这里仍有20万人死于艾滋相关疾病
it’s baffling there are still nearly 200,000 AIDS-related deaths here every year.
我想 他们对这种情况完全习以为常
I think they have come to regard this as completely normal.
那里有个市场
There’s the market.In that room,
在那间移♥动♥式小屋里 装满完备的药物
in that Portakabin,are all the drugs to completely…
能终结艾滋病的传染 让人不会因此而丧命
..end transmission and mean that no-one,almost no-one has to die.
就是这点 从任何角度来看
That’s the thing I don’t feel I’ve in any way
都令我非常恼怒
really got under the skin of.
哪些原因 造成人们不去治疗?
don’t go and seek treatment?
在回旅馆途中 我决定顺道去拜访一间当地酒馆
On the way back to my hotel,I decide to drop in at a local bar.
身为男人 我想听听其他男性怎么说
As a bloke,I want to hear what some of the men have to say.
给我啤酒好吗? 一瓶啤酒?
Can I get a beer?A bottle of beer?
你好吗 先生 -很好
How are you,sir?
怎么称呼? -佐托尼 -佐托尼? -是的 先生
What’s your name?Zotani.Zotani?Yes,sir.
我们在诊所外了解到
We’ve discovered,out in the clinics,
年轻男性不愿意做检验
that the young men don’t want to get testing
也不愿意就医
and they don’t want to get treated,
我想了解个中原因
and I’m trying to understand why.
我以前会做检验 但现在
我三年来从未检验过
为什么这三年来你不去做艾滋病毒检验?
Why haven’t you had an HIV test in three years?
我很怕知道结果
你现在有女朋友吗?
Do you have a girlfriend now?
有 我有三个 -你有三名女友？
Yeah,I have three.You’ve got three girlfriends?
在夸祖鲁纳塔尔
In KwaZulu-Natal,
有30%的人感染艾滋病毒
30% of people have HIV.
所以你的女友中 很可能有一人是艾滋带原者
So there is a good chance that one of your three girlfriends will have HIV.
你应该去做检查
You should go and get a test.
我会按照我自己的时间去
明天去做 去做检验 -照我自己的时间
Go and do it tomorrow.Go and get tested.My own time.
但前往诊所 可能让这些男人充满
But going to the clinic can be fraught with embarrassment
困窘与恐惧
and fear for these men.
去到诊所时 会进去不同的诊室
去领♥取♥抗逆转滤病毒药物
别人会开始窃窃私语