《星际穿越》中的科学

The space shuttles were retired in 2011
这些航♥天♥飞机在2011年退休了
…after traveling more than a half billion miles.
太空探索需要巨大的资源
Space exploration demands enormous resources.
像美国宇航局 这样的政♥府♥机构可以引领
The kind that government agencies like NASA can marshal.
最近一些新成员加入了
Recently, some new players entered the fray.
我认为我们处在 一个新太空时代的开端…
I do think we’re at the dawn of a new space era…
这个时代商业公♥司♥将发挥更大的作用
…and it’s one where commercial companies play a stronger role.
美国宇航局没有出局
NASA’s not out of the picture.
埃隆·马斯克 SpaceX公♥司♥
他们仍在其中 但这不都是NASA设计的规则
They’re very much in the picture, but it’s not all a NASA-designed system.
埃隆·马斯克在2002年 开办了他自己的火箭公♥司♥
In 2002, Elon Musk started his own rocket company.
十年之后 根据NASA的合同…
A decade later, under contract to NASA…
SpaceX公♥司♥成为历史上
…SpaceX became the first private company
首家搭载供应物资的私营公♥司♥…
in history to carry supplies…
往返于国际空间站
…to and from the International Space Station.
现在SpaceX正在应对更大的挑战
Now SpaceX is tackling an even greater challenge.
抱有试图改革空间运输的想法
I started SpaceX with the idea of trying
我开创了SpaceX公♥司♥
to revolutionize space transport.
至关重要的是 火箭可以充分迅速地被重复使用
And critical to that is full and rapid reusability of the rocket.
今天对于火箭技术最大的问题是
The big issue with rocketry today is
你只利用火箭一次…
you get one use out of the rocket…
然后它就坠毁落入海洋
…and then it smashes down into the ocean
或者落入西伯利亚的平原…
or into the plains of Siberia, um…
你就无法再使用它
…and you can’t use it again.
如果你可以使火箭安全着陆…
If you can, in fact, land the rocket safely…
然后借助极小的花费重新使用它…
…and then reuse it with a minimal amount of effort…
然后你就可以显著地 降低太空运输成本
…then you can dramatically reduce the cost of space transport.
SpaceX公♥司♥目前正在研发一种
SpaceX is currently developing a fully
充分快速的可重复使用的运载系统
and rapidly reusable launch system.
这会使埃隆向着更远大目标迈进
And that will take Elon closer to a more ambitious goal:
帮助宇航员在火星上建立一个殖民地
To help send crews to establish a colony on Mars.
这不是胆小者的使命
Not a mission for the fainthearted.
任何想去火星的人…
Anyone who wants to go to Mars…
他们对冒险的渴望
…their desire for adventure
将必须胜过他们对舒适和安全的渴望
would have to overcome their desire for comfort and safety.
火星殖民地会是人类下一巨大飞跃
The colony on Mars could be the next giant leap for humankind.
在你考虑这个时 它是如此基本的理念
It’s such a fundamental idea when you think about it.
这只是一个要做的决定 说到你如何看待…
It’s just a decision that has to be made in terms of how you view the–
人类在宇宙中的家园
The human race’s place in the universe.
我们要么待在地球上 要么离开 并在银河系旅行
We either stay here on Earth or we leave and we journey through the galaxy.
要在《星际穿越》中创造 太空技术的面貌…
To create the look of the space technology in Interstellar…
克里斯托弗·诺兰 采用了明确的设计方法
…Christopher Nolan took a clear design approach.
我们不希望使任何东西 觉得是纯粹的装饰
We didn’t wanna have anything that felt purely decorative.
克里斯托弗·诺兰 《星际穿越》导演 编剧
我们希望从更加 功能的角度来接近它…
We wanted to approach it from a more functional point of view…
尽可能地令人信服…
…just be as convincing as possible…
看到今天现有的NASA技术…
…looking at the NASA technology that exists today…
宇宙空间站 这些类的东西作为我们的影响
…the International Space Station, these kind of things as our influences.
没有讲述着未来几年里 空间技术会如何发展
There’s no telling how space technology will evolve in the years to come.
距离在火星上建立殖民地
We may be decades away
可能还需要几十年或更长时间…
or longer from establishing a colony on Mars…
或者说在绕地球轨道上 建立一个永久栖息地
…or a permanent habitat in orbit around the Earth.
但世界各地的人们 正梦想着下一步
But people around the world are dreaming of that next step.
在最近的一次空间会议上…
At a recent space conference…
NASA和美国国家空间协会…
…NASA and the National Space Society…
给几十个前瞻性的设计颁了奖
…handed out awards to dozens of forward-looking designs.
一个针对两万人的自给自足移居计划
A self-sustaining settlement for 20,000 people.
一个从月球土壤采矿的月球基地
A moon base that mines minerals from lunar soil.
一队清理太空垃圾的机器人
A fleet of robots that clean up space junk.
不过当然 这很难 因为我们正在消耗燃料…
But, of course, this is hard because we’re burning fuel…
在获奖设计者中间没有一个博士
There’s not a single PhD among the prize-winning designers.
这些设计者都是 来自世界各地的中学生 高中生
These are middle and high school students from around the world.
首先启发我的是天空 恒星 月球 行星
What first inspired me was the sky, the stars, the moon, the planets.
想到去到太空真是令人兴奋
Thinking about going to space is really exhilarating.
我一直想知道 比如下一个是什么
I’ve always wanted to know, like, what’s next?
对我来说 太空就是下一个目标
And for me, space is next.
我们所能做的就是超越我们的想象
What we can do is beyond our imagination.
为了人类的生存
For the survival of the human race, really,
唯一选择就是进入太空
the only option is to go into space.
它应该是某种…作为一个世界我们应该采取的第一步
It should be something that– A first step we should take as a world.
也许有朝一日 这些孩子中的一位会踏上火星…
One of these kids may stand on Mars someday…
或者在推进系统领域取得突破…
…or make a breakthrough in propulsion systems…
或在天体物理学领域掀起一场革命
…or start a revolution in astrophysics.
激发他们的这种热情 是《星际穿越》团队的希望
To inspire their kind of enthusiasm is the hope of the Interstellar team.
我希望孩子们观看《星际穿越》…
I would love for kids to watch Interstellar…
并对太空旅行 和探索的可能性激动不已
…and get excited about possibilities of space travel and exploration.
艾玛·托马斯 《星际穿越》制片
我希望这部电影 向很多人介绍了科学…
I would hope that this film introduces many people to science…
基普·索恩 加州理工学院
他们可能还没以任何其他方式
…who might not have gotten curious about
对这种科学产生好奇
this kind of science in any other way.
如果人们从这部影片获得一些常识
I think it would be really thrilling
我想这会非常令人兴奋
if people got some sense from this film…
这些概念想法值得好好想想
…that, uh, these ideas are worth thinking about.
科学和科幻之间的相互作用…
The interplay between science and science fiction…
源自深层次的创新驱动
…springs from a deep-seated creative drive.
了解未知领域
To make sense of the unknown.
创造全新世界
To engineer new worlds.
设想更好的未来
To dream up a better future.
我们会在一直坚信的地方找到答案
We’ll find answers where we always have:
超越下一个地平线
Just beyond the next horizon.