据说 她很容易进入状态
It was said that her powder lit very easily.
没过多久 阿德娜斯便取代了她所谓的”朋友”
It wasn’t long before Athenais usurped her so-called friend,
露易丝的首席之位
Louise, and took her place at the top table.
阿德娜斯作为钦定宠妃
Athenais reigned supreme
在接下来的十年中 一直执掌后宫
as official mistress for the next decade.
在此期间
And it was during this time
路易也实现了他的梦想 建造一座前无古人
that Louis fulfilled his dream of creating a palace
独属”太阳王”的宫殿
not just fit for any old king but fit for the Sun King.
这一侧的花♥园♥要从这里延伸到这里
Now, the gardens on this side will extend from here to here.
明白了 陛下 这个大长方形是什么 -湖
Very good, Sire. What is this large rectangle here? – A lake.
您要在这一区域内加设人工湖吗
You wish to put a lake in this area?
这个区域就是湖本身 -这就…
The area is the lake. That is…
很大的一个湖 是的 -陛下…
A big lake, yes. – Sire…
这么大的湖恐怕会显得喧宾夺主 不论它周边是什么建筑
A lake that size would dwarf any structure that looks out upon it.
这就取决于建筑本身了 不是吗
That depends on the structure, does it not?
没什么能阻碍路易的宏伟计划
Nothing could stand in the way of Louis’ grand plans.
为打造世界上最灿烂夺目的皇家花♥园♥
He drained swamps, moved forests and diverted rivers to
他不惜填洼造林 更改河道
make way for the world’s most opulent royal playground.
它的规模与富丽堂皇 彰显了路易的财富和权力
Its size and splendour trumpeted Louis’ wealth and power.
但如此奢华的工程 需要相应的劳动力才能完成
But a project worthy of such a prince required a workforce to match.
宫殿的脚手架一建就是几年
The palace was under scaffolding for years at a time
花圃现场看上去像是采石场
and the gardens here looked pretty much like a quarry.
多达三万六千人在这里埋头苦干
Up to 36,000 people were slaving away here
他们的工作条件极其恶劣
and they were labouring under conditions you could only describe as horrendous.
工匠们从早忙到晚
Builders toiled from dawn till dusk.
一名普通砖匠 一天能赚5苏[昔日法国的一种铜币]
A common bricklayer earned five sous a day
约合一小块牛油的价钱
about the cost of a tiny piece of butter.
意外事故频发 以至于要建造三座医院才能应付人员伤亡
Accidents was so frequent that three hospitals were built to deal with the casualties.
即使地位尊贵
And even in his exalted position,
路易也无法完全忽略工匠所遭受的劳役之苦
Louis could not quite escape the hardships that his workers endured.
你口口声声说自己就是法国
You say you are France.
要真是那样 你就该知道我们在受罪
If you truly were, you’d know our suffering,
你就能体会这种痛不欲生的滋味 你就会设法减轻我们的痛苦
you’d feel it in your bones and you’d take the pain away.
工匠们为了提薪而罢♥工♥
Builders went on strike in a bid to improve their lot.
他们怨声不断 陛下
Their grievances are many, Sire.
很多人受了工伤
Many suffer from injuries sustained at their work
但一直得不到治疗
but are as yet untreated.
他们声称工作条件太严峻
They claim that working conditions are too harsh,
工作安全没有受到重视 -情况属实吗
not enough attention’s paid to their safety. – Is this true?
每周都有五六个人死去 陛下 受伤的人就更多了
We lose half a dozen men per week, Sire. Many more are injured.
我从档案室
From the archives,
翻到一份文件 它真实反映了路易
I’ve dug out a document that gives a real-life example
是如何面对凡尔赛宫人力损耗问题的
of Louis being brought face-to-face with the human cost of Versailles.
1668年夏
In the summer of 1668,
阿姆斯特丹公报报道了凡尔赛宫
there was an accident involving some of the heavy machinery in use
一起重型机械事故
at Versailles that’s reported here in the Gazette of Amsterdam.
报道称事故中有物体坠落
We’re told that there was an accident and some debris fell
其下方有五六名工人
and underneath it were caught five or six workmen, “Ouvriers”[法语],
被”压死于其下”
who were “Ecrases dessous”[法语].
“Ecrases”是什么意思… -被压碎
“Ecrases” what does… – They were crushed.
被砸死 在下面被砸死
Crushed? Crushed underneath,
活活砸死 -有五六个人吗
crushed to death. – Five or six of them?
我的天 -死了五六个人
My goodness. -Five or six,
从这句话里 我们只能了解到这么多
and that’s all we’re told – one sentence at this point.
这里还有更多细节
But we get a little bit more detail,
事故发生几天后
a few days later, when the King
其中一名死者的母亲
was confronted by the mother of one of these poor dead workmen.
总算找到了可以接近国王的机会
She managed to get close enough to ask the King
她请求取回儿子的尸体
if she could have the body of her son back,
报纸称 国王本人遭到辱骂
the newspaper says, with many insults directed at the King.
这是报纸为了搏人眼球而过渡渲染
Now, whether that’s exaggeration for journalistic effect
还是国王的个人感受…我们就不得而知了
or what the King felt had happened…
她竟能如此近距离接触国王
Do you think it was quite shocking that she just got close enough
敢于与他对峙 你会不会感到吃惊
and dared to speak to him?
是的 以她的身份
Absolutely, that someone of her status should be able to speak
与国王面对面
directly to the King
况且她说的并非赞美恭维之辞
himself in terms that were not complimentary.
她的下场并不妙
And it didn’t go well for her.
报纸提到 她被送进监狱
We’re told that she was put in prison,
并一直被关押在那里
where she still is locked up, the newspaper says.
等一下
So, hang on
路易的器械把她的儿子砸死了
Louis’ machine has crushed to death this woman’s son,
她请求取回儿子的尸体
she has asked for his dead body,
却因此被关进监狱
and for that, she’s been put in prison?
是的 对于路易来说 工程的人力损耗
She has. The human cost of his great enterprises is irrelevant to Louis
和他的宏伟计划相比 根本无关紧要
in comparison with his grand purposes.
问题在于 这次件事
The question is to what extent
从多大程度上
this is representative of something bigger,
反映了路易一贯的执政风格呢
more characteristic of Louis’ rule as a whole.
可以这样说
Well, I guess you could say,
这是一位专♥制♥君主应有的样子
this is an absolute monarch doing his job,
国家利益永远摆在第一位
the needs of the state must come first,
他至高无上的权力 可以践踏于臣子之上
he has the power to override the trivial needs of the individual.
不过在我看来 这也揭示出路易本人冷酷无情
But it does seem to me that there’s something really cold
意志异常坚定的一面
and uniquely determined about Louis himself.
我绝不会因为脚手架上的工匠 让自己深陷泥潭
I will not be pushed into the sea by a builder on a scaffold!
路易的坚定与无情使他处处树敌
Louis’ determination and his ruthlessness made him many enemies.
不过对于那些可能策反的人
but he had ways of keeping one step ahead
他总能领先一步
of anyone who might plot against him.
你可能认为 监视是个很现代的概念
You might think that surveillance is a modern concept,
但生性多疑的路易
but Louis, who was insecure to the point of paranoia,
一直对所有人保持警惕
kept a watchful eye on everyone.
没人比路易更清楚 情报就是力量
No-one understood better than Louis that information was power.
这是我们为您整理的 948本日志中的一本
That is one of 948 journals gathered by our services
里面记录了每一位宫廷成员的详细信息
detailing every single member of your court.
包括他们的身高 体重 头发和眼睛的颜色
Their height, weight, hair and eye colour.
他们的日常动态 从您的贴身男仆…
Their daily movements, from your valet…
…到您的厨房♥帮手 玛德莱娜·杜博瓦
..To your cook’s assistant, Madeleine Dubois.
路易甚至了解每个人内心深处的想法
And Louis even knew everyone’s innermost thoughts.
他是怎么做到的呢
How?
因为所有进出凡尔赛的信件都会被拦截
Because all mail to and from Versailles was intercepted.
历史学家詹姆斯·代比尔会带我
Historian James Daybell is guiding me
领略十七世纪间谍的秘密世界
through the lost world of 17th-century espionage.
这远比舔封舌更庄严 更有意义
This is so much more significant and atmospheric
不是吗 -的确如此
than licking the flap, isn’t it? – It is, it is.
我们要做一件很特别的事
We really feel like this is a special thing to do.
现在我们拿起印♥章♥ 鸢尾花纹章
Now, we’re going to get our seal, which is a fleur-de-lis.
轻轻揭起
Peel it away slowly.
就是这样
Oh… And there we are.
还不错 -很好
That’s not bad. -Very good.
如果收到这封信
So if we got this letter in the post,
你就知道 是我寄出的
you would know that I had sent it?
对 -而且没被人动过手脚
Yes. – And that it hadn’t been tampered with?
没被人动过手脚 对 -理论上是这样
And that it hadn’t been tampered with, yes. – Theoretically!
信件内容是安全的
So it’s secure.
但在凡尔赛宫
But at the court of Versailles,
我们知道 路易的情报员有办法核对这些信件
we know that Louis’s espionage masters were reading the letters.
信件都蜡封过 他们是怎么办到的呢
How did they do that when they were sealed up with wax?
这是一门不为人知的艺术
This is a dark art.
举个例子 这有一封来自国王身边侍女的信
We have an example of a letter from a courtier close to the king
信中 她告诫自己的德国表亲
in which she warns a German cousin about this
信件会被拆封一事 她写道
opening of letters and she writes,
“信件封装不善说明不了什么
“Just because letters are poorly sealed does not mean anything.
他们有一种由水银和其他原料混合而成的东西
“They have a material made of mercury and other stuff that can be Pressed
可以敷在蜡封上 复♥制♥上面的纹章
onto the seal, where it takes on the shape of the seal.
核查抄写完毕
“After they’ve read and copied letters,
他们会重新封装信封
“They neatly reseal them
没人能看出信被人打开过”
and no-one can see that they have been opened.”
相当于制♥作♥出了原始印♥章♥的复♥制♥品
So that method involves making a replica of the original seal?
没错 而且有了它 你就可以一直拆开
Absolutely. And once you have that, you’re then able to open
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