真实的凡尔赛（2016）

我们现在只说凡尔赛
but specifically at Versailles.
别提巴黎了 那都是过去式了
Forget Paris, that was yesterday’s news.
路易希望全球的目光都聚焦于
Louis wanted the eyes of the world
他着手建造的宫殿
to be on the palace that he was building.
路易成功用娱乐迷住朝臣 让他们留在凡尔赛后
Once Louis had captivated his courtiers with the entertainments at Versailles,
又想出别的办法牵制他们
he found other ways to keep them in thrall to him.
为了让大家各司其职
To keep everybody in their places,
路易让自己活在公演之中
Louis turned his life into a kind of public spectacle.
宫廷生活时刻充斥着纷繁复杂的礼节
Every minute of every day was filled with these weird rituals,
有些很是荒唐
some of them quite ridiculous,
所有朝臣必须遵从
which all of the courtiers had to follow,
如教条般虔诚待之
as if it were a religion.
宫廷中的贵族必须在指定时间准时现身
All the noblemen at court are required to present themselves at the appointed hour.
慢着 公爵应该比侯爵先行一步吧
A-ah! Dukes before Marquis, I believe?
我是和公爵一起的
I’m with the Duke.
但只有少数拥有进门的特权
Only a few, however, will be given the privilege of entering,
旁观或者是参与其中
observing and in some cases, participating.
参与路易的饮食起居 需接受严格管控
Taking part in Louis’s daily routines was a strictly controlled business.
只有钦定宠臣才能分享他的私人空间
Only a chosen elite could share in his more intimate moments.
最重要的仪式要数国王起床礼
The most important ceremony was the King’s levee.
即起床仪式
His rising in the morning.
在凡尔赛宫的日程上 它就和日出一样重要
It was as essential to life at Versailles as the rising of the sun.
八点整
At eight o’clock sharp,
御床的床帘会被拉起 国王现身
the curtains of the state bed were drawn back to reveal the king.
不论是不是在那里过的夜 他都必须准时回来
He may not have slept here, but he had to get back in time.
接受贴身男仆的问安
And then he was greeted by his valet.
早安
Good morning.
随后 御医会为国王进行体♥检♥
Next, in came the king’s physician, to check him over.
他的夜壶会被取走 接下来这一步很有意思
His chamberpot was carried out and, this is really nice,
照看国王长大的女医会进来
in came the king’s nurse that he’d had since he was a child,
献上早安吻
to give him his good morning kiss.
紧接着 是少数获准
Then came the privileged few who had the right to attend
参加”大起床式”的人
what was known as the “Grande Entree”.
出身高贵的他们
They were all highborn
会服侍国王更衣
nobles and they helped the king into his shirt.
虽然听着不体面 却是莫大的殊荣
It sounds menial, but it was a huge honour.
你只需要好好打理自己 供人仰慕 受人称赞
All you do is designed to be seen and admired.
更衣 剃须 饮酒 用膳
Dressing, shaving, drinking and eating.
这些都不再是单纯的行为活动 而是表演
They are no longer actions. But a performance.
你的一言一行 都代表着财富
Everything you do is a display of wealth,
王权
authority,
和谐与端庄
harmony and modesty.
最后还有一点 万万不可疏忽
And last, but by no means least,
虔诚
piety.
路易认为自己就是神的化身
Louis thought of himself as a god and now,
而现在 大家也的确敬他如神
he was worshipped like one.
即便是最强权的贵族也必须向他鞠躬作揖
Even the most powerful nobles were forced to bow and scrape.
不过恪守路易日常礼节也能有所回报
But observing Louis’s strict daily routine could reap rewards.
路易作息规律 他何时何地在做什么
The clockwork timing of Louis’s day meant the courtiers always
朝臣都一清二楚
knew exactly where the king was and what he was doing.
因此 能更好地安排与国王会面
And that meant they could engineer meetings with him,
有机会获得国王的赏识与帮助
opportunities to ask for the favours that only the king could give.
与其他君主一样
Like other monarchs,
路易能只手改变朝臣的命运
the king had the power to transform a courtier’s fortunes.
但在应允朝臣请求这方面 他有自己的一套标准
But Louis had his own special criteria for granting requests.
路易前往弥撒所经之处 廷臣会排起长队
As Louis progressed for mass, courtiers would line his route,
相互推搡 争先恐后 只为与国王说上一句话
pressing on either side, desperate for a word in the King’s ear.
如果成功引起国王注意
If they succeeded in catching his attention,
他们或许就能为亲友讨得皇恩
they might ask a favour for a friend.
但如果路易认为这位贵族
But if Louis thought that that particular nobleman hadn’t
在凡尔赛待得不够久
spent enough time at Versailles,
他会说”我从未见过他” “我不认识他”
he turned the request down with the words, “We never see him!”
并以此为由拒绝请求 全当这位贵族不存在
“I don’t know him!” It was as if that noble had never existed.
很明显 朝臣要削尖脑袋
The message was clear – courtiers had better sharpen their elbows
挤到队伍前端
and fight their way to the front of the queue.
如果他们想过上好日子
If they wanted to get ahead in life,
就得全天候在凡尔赛宫
they had to put in the hours at Versailles.
贵族们现在忙于吸引国王注意
The nobles were now too busy vying for the King’s
根本无心谋反 也无权回到自己的封地
attention to plot against him and they weren’t allowed to go back to their country seats,
更别说造♥反♥起义了
where they could have fermented rebellion.
这些都是太阳王个♥人♥崇♥拜♥的一部分
It was all part of this strange cult of the Sun King.
路易用自己的魅力将贵族
It’s as if Louis used his magnetism to trap his nobles
困在凡尔赛这座金丝笼里
here in the gilded cage of Versailles.
现在 路易终于可以继续享受人生乐趣了
Now Louis could get on with enjoying the pleasures of life.
女人便是他的人生第一大乐趣
And there was nothing he enjoyed more than the ladies.
不论对方是贵族夫人还是千金小姐
He pursued one beauty after another – married and si ngle,
出身名门或身份低贱 他都一一尝遍
highborn and low.
这也难怪他掌权的时期·被称为”爱之统治”
Not for nothing was his time in power known as the reign of love.
这几位是路易身边的女主角
Here are some of Louis’ leading ladies.
法国国王通常有两位妻子
Now, kings of France often had two wives
一位履行皇室义务
one a wife for business.
对路易来说 是西班牙的玛丽·泰蕾兹
In Louis’ case, it was Maria Theresa of Spain.
她的职责在于维持国与国之间的纽带
It was her job to represent an alliance with another country
为国王生儿育女 诞下王位继承人
and to give him his official children or heirs.
另一位是他的心仪对象 俗称情妇
But then, he would have a wife for fun – a mistress or,
对路易来说 应该叫情妇们
in Louis’ case, mistresses.
最受恩宠的那位情妇
At any one moment, the chief of them
会被冠以”钦定宠妃”的称号♥ 即有名份的情妇
was called the maitresse declaree – the declared mistress.
我觉得这种半正式的头衔太有法国特色了
I think it’s very French that she had a sort of semi-official job title!
露易丝·德·拉瓦利埃尔是路易的首位”钦定宠妃”
Louise de La Valliere was Louis’ first maitresse declaree.
露易丝·德·拉瓦利埃尔的故事
The story of Louise de La Valliere
与凡尔赛宫本身密切相关
is intertwined with the story of Versailles itself
因为路易爱上她的同时
because Louis was falling in love with her
也恰好开始萌生了为自己建造一座宫殿的主意
at the same time as he was falling in love with the idea of his palace.
他们在那里幽会
They held trysts there
还举办了名为
and the magnificent party
“魔法岛之乐”的盛大派对
The Pleasures Of The Enchanted Isle
用以歌♥颂他们的爱情
was held to celebrate their love.
但露易丝”宠妃”的地位并不牢靠
Now, Louise’s position as chief mistress was far from secure.
宫中的其他女人也都在伺机而动
The other ladies of the court all had their eye on Louis
而路易又偏偏是个多情种
and he was all too susceptible.
露易丝刚刚正式上位
When Louise came onto the scene,
路易已与英格兰的亨利埃塔暧昧不清
Louis was already having rather a scandalous relationship with Henrietta of England.
值得一提的是 这位本是他的弟媳
She was – wait for this – his brother’s wife
他们还是一代堂兄妹
and his own first cousin.
太狗血了
Dodgy!
满园春色关不住啊
Spring has sprung.
觊觎露易丝·德·拉瓦利埃尔
And there were plenty of other contenders vying
“钦定宠妃”之位的竞争者大有人在
for Louise de La Valliere’s prized role of chief mistress.
轮到阿德娜斯·蒙特斯旁登场了
Enter Athenais de Montespan.
你吃几个了 -我没数
How many have you had? – I do not recall.
那么 再吃一个又何妨
In which case why would one more make any difference?
没实践过的话 难说 -为什么
Hard to say without partaking. – Why is that?
反正过一阵子 都只是数量多少的问题 不是吗
Surely, after a certain time, it’s just a number, is it not?
取决于数量
That depends on the number.
阿德娜斯拥有致命的智慧与自信
Athenais was devastatingly intelligent and confident
她不但漂亮 而且善于操纵人
and pretty and manipulative.
她为接近国王 佯装与露易丝交好
She made friends with Louise in order to get close to the King.
损友
False friend.
我很无趣 可你很有趣
I am boring and you are funny.
也许等他回来 你能让他开心些
Perhaps, when he returns, you might put him in a good mood for me
好让我有机会陪他聊天 逗他开心
talk to him, make him laugh.
他心情好的话 我或许还有希望
If he’s in a good humour, I might just have a chance.
你愿意帮我吗 -我可以试试
Would you do that? – I suppose I could try.
现在 路易是没机会了
Now, Louis didn’t stand a chance.
他完全中了阿德娜斯的圈套
He fell under the spell of Athenais.
很快 他就得在一天之内与她享受三次鱼水之欢
Very soon, he just had to make love to her three times a day
他时常饥渴到不等侍女们退出房♥间
and he was so keen that he would start to undress her,
就开始为她宽衣解带
even before her ladies had left the room.
而她也同样热情
And she was equally enthusiastic.