皮克斯的故事（2007）

可以将手绘的动画转换成数码资料
that transformed hand-drawn animation into a digital medium.
现在画家们可以直接在电脑上绘图着色了
Artists could now draw and paint directly into the computer.
我们正在进行一场革命
We were creating a revolution
旧的技术真的跟不上时代了
and the older techniques were really gonna be passed.
这些发展让爱德立下远大的目标
NARRATOR: These developments led Ed to the far-reaching goal of someday
将来要用电脑动画创作出第一部电影长片来
creating the first feature-length, computer-animated film.
我们开♥发♥出的软件冲击了
SCHURE: We were impacting the conventional industry
当时的传统电影业
and it was gonna be tremendous
产生了极大的影响
because of the applications that it would have.
爱德开♥发♥出来的程序
NARRATOR: The applications of Ed’s developments
令《星球大战》的导演乔治·卢卡斯
led Stor Wars director, George Lucas,
看到将其运用在真人电影上的潜力
to see their potential in live-action filmmaking.
拍完《星球大战》之后
LUCAS: After l did Stor Wars,
我决定进入电脑动画领域
l decided that l would begin to move into the world of computer animation.
我们已经做出用电脑控制动作的摄影机
We had made this computer controlled, motion-control camera,
但是我很想进入下一个阶段
but l really wanted to get to the next level.
我有很多想法
l had a lot of ideas
但是传统的拍摄技术没有办法克服其中的问题
that couldn’t be conquered in the traditional film technology.
乔治·卢卡斯请爱德到卢卡斯影业
NARRATOR: George Lucas brought Ed Catmull aboard
成立一个新的电脑部门
to form a new computer division at Lucasfilm
研发数码制♥作♥工具
to invent digital production tools,
包括一套新的数码剪辑系统 名叫EditDroid
including a new digital-editing system called EditDroid,
一套数码声音系统 一部激光扫描仪
a digital sound system, a laser scanner
和一部功能强大的绘图电脑
and a powerful graphics computer.
爱德征召了一批最有才华的电脑科学家
Ed recruited the most talented team of computer scientists
为卢卡斯创造领先于时代的工具
to create the futuristic tools for Lucas.
每个人踏进这一行的方式都有些奇怪
ROB COOK: Everybody who did it got there in some really odd way.
有的人来自建筑业 来自物理学界
People came from architecture, from physics,
艺术界 电脑科学家 无奇不有
from art, from computer science, from everywhere,
最后却都聚集在这个新的领域中
and somehow ended up in this new area.
当时几乎还没有电脑绘图
At that time there was almost no graphics,
它的规模还很小
it was a pretty small thing.
我们是在发明我们要用的技术
And we were inventing the techniques we were using.
我们没有电脑
We had no computers.
我太太还记得那段时光 因为我晚上都会回家
My wife remembers those days because l came home at night, right?
我没有电脑可以用
You know? l didn’t have any computer
可以玩 或是做别的事
to stay and hack on or anything like that,
所以我会在正常时间下班
so l’d come home at regular hours
等我们分配到电脑的时候
and she woes the days when we started getting computers
我会玩得忘了时间 她很伤心
and l would get carried away.
他们可以说是一群特立独行 桀骜不驯的人
LUCAS: They really were kind of the outlaw outfit, the rebel group,
所以很有趣
and so that was kind of fun
因为我们做的那些事情
because, you know, we were doing all these things
别人都不了解它们的价值
that nobody really understood the value of.
当电脑开始能做更有艺术性的事情时
COOK: There was a big breakthrough to start
真的是一大突破
doing things that were more artistic.
罗伦·卡朋特在1980年 拍出《Vol Libre》是一件大事
VoI Llbre, Loren Carpenter’s film in 1980, was a huge deal,
它不仅展现了他的学术技巧
and not just because it illustrated his academic technique,
它之所以重要 也因为它是个艺术杰作
but it was a huge deal because it was a work of art.
我一直对电脑的可能性很有兴趣
CARPENTER: l’ve always been interested in what’s possible,
想知道在目前的界限以外 它还能做什么
and, what’s beyond the boundary of what’s known.
所以我加入卢卡斯影业 这些人非常历害
When l came to Lucasfilm, these people were all very good,
实在让人耳目一新 让人充满斗志
and it was refreshing and exhilarating.
即使在那个时候 大家的梦想
COOK: Even in those days, everybody’s dream
都还是用电脑做出一部电影长片
was to make a feature-length movie with computers.
至少我们所有的人都想那么做
At least all of us, that was what we wanted to do.
只是那时候似乎很不可能
Even though it seemed impossible at the time.
如果你想画一张世界地图
lf you wanna make a picture of the world,
就得设法把所有数据输入到电脑里面
you somehow have to get all that data in the computer.
所有的几何资料 不管它是不是重要
All the geometry, no matter what, whether it’s hairs or skin or whatever,
都得拆解成数以百万计的小三角形
is broken down into millions of little triangles
而且它们小到在银幕上只是一个小点而已
that are so small they would just be a speck on the screen.
这群人很快便发现 想做出如今人们在动画电影中
NARRATOR: The group soon realized it would take not thousands,
所看到的写实画面所需要的不是数千个三角形
but millions of triangles to create the photo-realistic images
而是数以百万计的三角形
that compose the animated films we see today.
那是个很荒谬的数字
CATMULL: lt was an absurd number.
它本来就应该是一个荒谬的数字
But it was meant to be an absurd number,
因为当你从比较宏观的角度来看事情时
because if you throw some big numbers at something
要能够掌握它们才行
and then you have to be able to handle them,
它让你用不同的方式来思考问题
then it makes you think about the problem in different ways.
当时 为了设法解决所面对的问题
Right then and there, that changed our whole, you know, kind of mindset
我们的整个思路都因此扭转了
about the sort of problem that we were trying to solve.
当卢卡斯的特效部门工业光魔
NARRATOR: The group got the chance to prove their abilities
无法用传统的拍摄方法完成一个镜头时
when Lucas’ special-effects division, lndustrial Light and Magic,
这一群人终于有机会证明他们的能力了
could not achieve a shot using conventional film means.
Summary, please. STAR TREK ll THE WRATH OF KHAN
艾尔维·雷·史密斯率领团队 利用他们的才华和先进的技术
Alvy Ray Smith led the group to create a spectacular sequence
创造出了一段壮观的画面
using all their talents and advanced techniques.
镜头回转 旋转 前后移♥动♥ 拉近 推远
The camera’s spinning and spiraling and jerking and panning.
动作让人啧啧称奇
lt’s going through amazing motions,
这都是受到重力限制的实体摄影机不可能做到的
completely impossible for a gravity-bound, real camera.
我想爱德和艾尔维都体认到要立足这个行业
PORTER: l think Ed and Alvy realized, in order to get in the game,
我们一定要人物登上银幕
we’ve got to put characters up on the screen,
也就是要做角色动画
and that meant character animation,
这个决定变了一切
and that changed everything right there.
我去玛丽皇后号♥参加一场电脑绘图会议
l had gone to this computer graphics conference at the Queen Mary.
这件事我永远忘不了 我们去的时候我很沮丧
l’ll never forget it. We walk in and l was just so depressed,
因为过去两三年来的所有梦想全都已经粉碎了
’cause, like, all these dreams for the last two or three years kind of were shattered.
爱德是那场会议的一位讲师
And Ed Catmull was a speaker at this conference,
他走过来 很兴奋地说
and he comes up and he was so excited,
“面包机怎样了 勇敢的面包机做得怎么样了”
“How’s Toaster going? How’s Brave Little Toaster going?”
你已经知道发生了什么吧 我说“老实说 它被搁置了”
You know, all that stuff, and l go, “Well, to be honest, they shelved it.”
他告诉我他要离开迪士尼了
He told me that he was leaving Disney.
他没有把具体情况告诉我 不过他说他要离开迪士尼了
He didn’t tell me the circumstances, but that he was leaving Disney.
我们花了很长的时间 来讨论我们想做的事
And we spent a long time talking about what we wanted to do,
以及成功的机会有多少
and what the possibilities were,
因为这是我们第一次
because this is the first time
有机会碰到一个真正的动画师
we really had a chance of getting a real animator.
在卢卡斯影业 没有这种人才
We couldn’t get them at Lucasfilm.
约翰当场就被邀请到
NARRATOR: John was hired on the spot
卢卡斯营业的湾区电脑部门
into Lucasfilm’s Bay Area computer division,
他的职衔是很不起眼的界面设计师
under the inconspicuous title of “interface designer.”
我一进去马上
l came in there and immediately
就对周围所有人非常敬畏
l was intimidated by all the people that were around me.
因为我的身边到处都是博士
l mean, there were PhDs everywhere around me.
我们的团队酷爱动画 我们对动画懂得很多
Our group was in love with animation, and we knew a lot about animation.
我们画得不是很好 但我们都了解它
We couldn’t animate very well, but we understood it.
他们做的第一件事情 是让我面对真正的挑战
LASSETER: And the first thing they did is they really challenged me with the idea of,
他们想要用电脑做出一部有人物的短片
“Let’s try to do a little film “with characters that are done with a computer.”
看着有限的素材 让我得到灵感
l was inspired looking at the limitations of what l had to work with,
我回头仔细研究早期的米老鼠
and then l went back and looked at the early Mickey Mouse.
它只有几何形状
lt’s geometric shapes.
还有什么比米老鼠更单纯的
How more geometric can you get than Mickey Mouse?
于是我开始画 创造出这个小角色
So l just started drawing, and l created this little character.
His name is “Andr茅.”
他叫安德鲁
约翰激励技术团队研发出新的软件
NARRATOR: John inspired the technical team to create new software
让他能够画出他在传统动画中
that would enable him to animate
学到的压扁和拉长的动作
the squash and stretch movements he learned from traditional animation.
让画面更有弹性 动作模糊性更高
The results were new flexibility, motion blur
让角色的动作达到电脑动画前所未有的水准
and character action never before achieved through the computer.
我喜欢跟这些家伙合作
LASSETER: l loved working with these guys,
我不断挑战他们
and l kept challenging them.
然后我又因为他们所作的工作而得到灵感
And then l was so inspired by all the work that they were doing.
后来我们的工作模式变成艺术挑战科技
So it’s become this way of working that the art challenges technology,
科技则启发艺术
technology inspires the art.
约翰和电脑科学家比尔·里弗斯
NARRATOR: John and computer scientist Bill Reeves
一边测试他们的动画技术
put their animation skills to the test
一边和卢卡斯的传统特效部门工业当魔合作
while working with Lucas’ traditional special effects division, lLM,
利用电脑让一个彩色玻璃人栩栩如生
to bring a stained-glass man to life through the computer.
真的很不可思议
lt was really amazing,
两个背景完全不同的人 竟然能够密切配合