皮克斯的故事（2007）

人人都乐于立刻与他人分享资讯
of your passion and excitement for animation,
而他知道很多关于动画史和过去的事
and he knew a lot about the history and the past.
约翰在迪士尼的第一份工作
NARRATOR: As his first animation at Disney,
是负责在1981年《狐狸与猎犬》
John handled the introduction of a lead character
这部电影中介绍一个主角登场
in the 1981 teature The Fox and the Hound.
约翰和格伦携手合作共同创造了 高♥潮♥迭起的打斗戏
Together, John and Glen collaborated on the climactic fight scene.
但是由于预算不断遭到删减
But increasing budget cutbacks
严重限制了沃尔特·迪士尼
had severely limited the multi-plane dimensional look
在数十年前便可以做到的多样风貌
Walt Disney had achieved decades earlier.
当时的动画似乎已经沦为一种
KEANE: Animation was really at a point
苟延残喘的艺术形式了
where it seemed like it was a dying art form.
紧缩的预算让我们的电影
All of the richness and the atmosphere
失去了丰富的色泽和气氛 这让人觉得很沮丧
was budgeted out of our films, and it was so frustrating.
当动画部门陷入萧条时
NARRATOR: While the animation department felt stagnant,
工作室为员工放映了一部以真人为主角
Tron, a live-action foature using the latest computer technology,
利用最新电脑科技拍摄而成的电影《TRON》
was screened for employees at the studio.
Watch it, watch it! Auuughhh!
《TRON》中光轮车
There Tron was, these light-cycles. . .
嗡嗡嗡地在银幕上进进出出
Moving in and out of the scene and it’s. . .
我们回到我的房♥间呆呆地坐着
And we came back to my room and just sat there
原本的沮丧开始演变成一种挫折感
and the depression started to turn towards a frustration,
就像是“为何我们不行？”
like, “Well, why can’t we?”
“为何我们不能那么做 如果可以那就太酷了”
“Why can’t we do that? Wouldn’t it be cool, if?”
电脑动画让我觉得很兴奋
LASSETER: Computer animation excited me so much,
是因为我看到了它的潜力
and not excited about what l was seeing, but the potential l saw in all this.
它让我觉得不可思议
l was just amazed by it.
于是我们开始想
And we started thinking, “Wouldn’t it be cool if
要是我们的背景像《TRON》一样可以移♥动♥
“we had a background that was moving like Tron did,
可是人物依然用手工来画
“but we animated the character by hand.”
从来没有人这样做过
lt had never been done before,
但是约翰有某种特质
but there’s something about John
就是会让你觉得没有关系
that you kind of get the feeling that that doesn’t matter
就算以前没有人这样做
l mean, if it had never been done before,
也不代表不能这样做
doesn’t mean it can’t be done.
约翰和格伦很快就得到批准
NARRATOR: John and Glen soon got approval
实验用电脑绘制背景的动画
to experiment with animation and computerized backgrounds.
但是在工作室 一股害怕电脑
But at the studio there was a growing fear
会取代动画师的气氛与日俱增
that the computer was going to make animators obsolete.
我想工作室里95%的人都在说
THOMAS: l’d say 95% of the fellas at the studio were saying,
“你休想让我做那样的事情 他们会将一切破坏殆尽”
“You’d never get me to do anything like that, they’re ruining everything !”
我跟约翰·拉塞特讨论他所做的事
And l talked to John Lasseter about the things he was doing,
我说“要是你不靠铅笔
l said, “‘Gee, if you get that much imagination
能用电脑表达丰富的想象 和新鲜的动作
“and new types of movement done on a computer,
那你就是这一行的先锋了”
“but not by the pencil, you’ll be ahead of the game.”
当时它的确很有潜力
The potential was there at that time,
但是除了拉塞特 没有人想那样做
but no one wanted to do it except for Lasseter.
约翰和他的故事团队获得批准
NARRATOR: John and his story team were given the approval to develop a script
用一个短篇故事《勇敢的面包机》来编写剧本
based on the short story, The Brave Little Toaster.
这是约翰初次担任导演
lt would mark John’s foature directorial debut,
也是他进一步探索将电脑 和传统动画相结合的大好机会
and his own opportunity to further explore the blending of computer and traditional animation.
经过8个月的开♥发♥
After eight months of development,
工作室的老板终于决定让约翰来向他报告进度
John was finally asked to present the story to the head of the studio.
他们说该让工作室老板
LASSETER: They’d said, “Okay, it’s time to show
看看《勇敢的面包机》的工作进度了
“the head of the studio at the time Brave Little Toaster.”
我们把简报都准备好 他和爱德·汉森走进来
So we got the presentation together, he walks in with Ed Hansen,
从一开始他就带着很别扭的表情
and he had this scowl on his face from the beginning, no laugh,
我们大致讲了剧情
we pitched the whole thing
他就站起来问 “好 这部片要花多少钱？”
and he stood up and he asked, “Well, how much is this gonna cost?”
我说“它是电脑动画”
And l said, “Well, it’s with computer animation,
“所以应该不会超过一部电影的正常预算”
“it’s gonna be, you know, no more than the regular budget of a film.”
他说“使用电脑动画唯一的理由
And he went, “The only reason to do computer animation
就是能够让我们拍得更快或是更省钱”
“is if we could do it faster or cheaper.”
他就站起来 然后走出去
And he walked up and he walked out.
你能了解我有多惊讶吗
And it was like, “What?” You know?
大概五分钟以后 我接到一通电♥话♥
And so about five minutes later l get this call,
爱德·汉森叫我到他的办公室
and Ed Hansen calls me down to his office.
我过去以后他说
And l come down, and he said,
“好 约翰 你的计划已经完成了”
“Well, John, your project is now complete,
“迪士尼工作室跟你的雇佣关系也到此结束了”
“so your employment with the Disney Studios is now terminated.”
他被解雇了
DON HAHN: He got let go, he got fired,
因为工作室也不知道该拿他怎么办
because, honestly, the studio didn’t know what to do with him.
虽然他曾经梦寐以求想到迪士尼工作室工作
Even at that early day, this Disney Studio that he dreamed about working at,
但那里其实已经变成了一个效能低下的地方
turned out to be a really dysfunctional place, in reality.
而他天生是个导演 天生是个领袖
And he was a born director, he was a born leader,
他的抱负和热情都远远超过了当时的工作室
and his expectation and passion excelled what the studio was doing then.
早期有很长一段时间 画家们都很害怕电脑
During a lot of the early days, artists were frightened of the computer,
因为在他们的印象里
because they were under the impression
电脑早晚会抢走他们的工作
that it somehow was gonna take their jobs away.
我们花很多时间跟他们说
And we spent a lot of time telling people,
“那是一个工具 它抢不走”
“No, it’s just a tool, it doesn’t take. . .
“它不会做创意的工作 那是一种误解”
“lt doesn’t do the creativity, that’s a misconception.”
但是这种恐惧依然存在 而且无处不在
But there was this fear, and it was everywhere.
我们中断正常节目
ANNOUNCER: We interrupt this program
为您插播重要的消息
for an important announcement.
官方宣布 现在进入紧急状况
A state of emergency has been declared
所有的警力都要进入全天候戒备
and the entire police force put on 24-hour duty,
尽力防止群众作出更多歇斯底里的行为
in an effert to stop the mounting hysteria.
引起恐慌的原因至今不明
ANNOUNCER 2: There is no reasonable cause for alarm.
这些传言全部都是捏造的
These rumors are absolutely false!
现实中的科技和人们的恐惧截然不同
NARRATOR: The reality of technology was very different from the fear.
正是电脑能将我们带入全新的领域
lt was the computer that would take us to new frontiers.
我相信这个国家应该全力以赴达成目标
JOHN F. KENNEDY: l believe that this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal,
在十年之内让一个人登陆月球
before this decade is out, of landing a man on the moon
并且让他安全地回到地球
and returning him safely to the Earth.
ASTRONAUT: Lift off on Apollo 1 1 .
由于太空竞赛之故
NARRATOR: The space race ignited funding in computer research
美国几所大学的电脑研究都得到赞助
for a select number of universities around the country.
20世纪80年代
ln the 1960s,
早期电脑绘图实验室 在犹他大学成立
the University of Utah set up one of the first labs in computer graphics,
负责的是这个领域的顶尖科学家
headed by the top scientists in the field.
胸怀壮志的画家爱德·卡特穆尔
Ed Catmull, an aspiring artist,
是少数被它的潜力吸引的人
was among the few drawn to the potential in computer graphics.
我画了很多画 我想要成为动画师
CATMULL: l drew a lot, l wanted to be an animator.
我想要成为画家
l wanted to be an artist.
但是同时我也认为
But at the same time, l believed that
凭我的能力不足以成为动画师
l wasn’t good enough to be an animator,
所以我转而研究物理学和电脑科学
so l switched over to physics and computer science.
我才上第一堂课 就立刻爱上了它
As soon as l took the first class, l just fell in love with it,
它把其它东西都比下去了
it just blew everything else away.
因为这个课程里有艺术 科学 程序设计
‘Cause here was a program in which there was art, science, programming,
他们全部合而为一 成为一个新的领域 而且浩瀚辽阔
all together in one place, in a new field, and it was wide open.
等着你踏入这个未经开♥发♥的处♥女♥地 去发掘 去探索
You could just go out and discover things and explore, you were right at the frontier.
爱德用电脑动画 画自己的左手
NARRATOR: Ed’s computer-animated film of his own left hand
是开♥发♥创造弧形表面的第一步
was the first step in the development of creating curved surfaces,
除了要在表面上添加质感
wrapping texture around those surfaces,
还要除不平整的边缘
and eliminating jagged edges.
数年后 这段影片在科幻电影《未来世界》登场
The footage debuted years later in the science-fiction film Futureworld,
使其成为真人演出的影片中 第一部使用3D动画的电影
which became the first use of 3-D animation in a live-action film.
爱德毕业时得到博士学位 他所研究的是超越时代的新科技
Ed graduated with a PhD in a new technology ahead of its time.
全国只有一个机构
There was only one institution in the country
愿意投♥注♥ 数以百万计的资金在它的未来发展上
willing to put millions of dollars into its further development.
只要你是某种活动的中心 消息就传得很快
The word of any center of activity spread rapidly,
不久纽约理工就成了这个领域的重镇
and it quickly became known that the place was New York Tech.
当时定的合约是
CATMULL: There the charter was
让电脑绘图可以运用在电影工业上
“Let’s make computer graphics usable in filmmaking.”
那也正是我想做的事
That’s exactly what l wanted to do.
亚历克斯·舒尔是纽约理工的校长
NARRATCR: Alex Schure, the president of New York Tech,
他聘请爱德到新成立的电脑绘图系担任先锋
hired Ed to spearhead the new computer graphics department
开♥发♥绘画程序和其他工具来协助艺术创作
to develop paint programs and other tools
并将电脑运用在动画上
to create art and animation using the computer.
爱德亲自研发出名为“Tween”的软件
Ed himself developed software called “Tween”