变态者意识形态指南（2012）

而宣布独♥立♥
to postpone the abolishment of apartheid.
在这独♥立♥的几年中
Therefore those couple of years of independence –
南罗得西亚再次将《欢乐颂》的旋律
South Rhodesia, again the melody of ‘Ode to Joy’ –
改了改歌♥词，作为了这个国家的国歌♥
with changed lyrics of course, was the anthem of the country.
在地球的另一端
At the opposite end –
阿维玛埃尔·古斯曼，化名冈萨罗主席
when Abimael Guzman President Gonzalo,
光辉道路是秘鲁一个极左的毛派反政♥府♥游击队组织，自称秘鲁共♥产♥党
“光辉道路”组织的领导人
the leader of ‘Sendero Luminoso’, the ‘Shining Path’,
秘鲁的极左游击队成员
the extreme leftist guerrilla in Peru –
当一个记者问他
when he was asked by a journalist which piece of music
他最喜欢的音乐是什么
is his favourite, he claimed
再一次，他说是贝多芬的第九交响曲《欢乐颂》
again Beethoven’s 9th symphony ‘Ode to Joy’.
东德西德尚未统一时
When Germany was still divided
两国在奥♥运♥会上是一起出现的
and their team was appearing together at the Olympics –
当其中一方赢得金牌
when one of the Germans won golden medal –
播放的又是欢乐颂
again Old to Joy was played
而不是东西德的国歌♥
instead of either East or West German national anthem.
如今《欢乐颂》则是欧盟的
And even now today ‘Ode to Joy’ is the unofficial
非官方盟歌♥
anthem of European union.
所以现在我们能够想象出这么一副诡异的人类大团结的场景：
So it’s truly that we can imagine a kind of a perverse scene of
本拉♥登♥与布♥什♥志同道合
universal fratenity where Osama Bin Laden is
萨♥达♥姆♥与卡斯特罗情同手足
embracing President Bush, Saddam is embracing
白人与毛♥泽♥东♥亲如一家
Fidel Castro, white races are embracing Mao Tse Tung
欢聚一堂唱响《欢乐颂》
and all together they sing ‘Ode to Joy’.
这的确奏效了，对每一种意识形态都适用。
It works. And this is how every ideology has to work.
它绝不会只有一种意义
It’s never just meaning.
它就像一个空的容器一样
It always has to also work as an empty container –
容纳所有可能的解释
open to all possible meanings.
当欣赏这些令人动容的艺术作品时
It’s, you know, that gut feeling that we feel
我们能发自内心地感到
when we experience something pathetic and we say:
“卧♥槽♥好感动，卧♥槽♥好深刻”
“Oh my God, I am so moved, there is something so deep. ”
然而你永远也不会知道到底是哪儿深刻了
But you never know what this depth is.
它其实是“空”的
It’s a void.
不过这里有一个“陷阱”
Now, of course there is a catch here.
那就是，诸如欢乐颂这样的“框架”看起来是中立的
The catch is that of course this neutrality of a frame
但事实并不是这样
is never as neutral as it appears.
现在让我们来听听《发条橙》中的阿历克斯
Here, I think the perspective of Alex from
是怎么看待这件事的
the Clockwork Orange enters.
我们每个人都精疲力尽
We were all feeling a bit shagged and fagged and fashed.
今晚可是消耗了不少能量
It having been an evening of some small energy expenditure,
弟兄们哪
oh my brothers.
所以我们扔掉车子，来到科洛瓦奶吧
So we got rid of the auto and stopped off at The Korova
来喝点儿东西
for a nightcap.
为何阿历克斯，这个玩世不恭的小混混，《发条橙》的主角
Why is Alex, this ultimate cynical delinquent, the hero of
如此着迷
Clockwork Orange, why is he so fascinated –
如此感动
overwhelmed –
当他听到那个女士唱起《欢乐颂》的时候
when he sees the lady singing Beethoven’s ‘Ode to Joy’?
就在那时那刻，弟兄们哪，
And it was like for a moment, oh my brothers,
活像某只大鸟飞进了奶吧
some great bird had flown into the milk bar
我全身的汗毛都倒竖起来
and I felt all the malanky little hairs on my plott
我全身的汗毛都倒竖起来
and I felt all the malanky little hairs on my plott
冷颤就像慢慢爬动的小蜥蜴
standing endwise and the shivers crawling up
上来又下去
like slow malanky lizards, and then down again.
因为我懂她唱的东西
Because I knew what she sang.
那是路德维希·凡(·贝多芬)光辉的第九交响曲
It was a bit from the glorious ninth by Ludwig van.
意识形态的宣传总说：
Whenever an ideological text says: “all humanity,
“全人类各民族大团结”等等
“unite in brotherhood, joy” and so on,
你就该问一句
you should always ask
好了好了，真的是全人类吗？
“OK, OK, OK, but are this all, really all
会不会某些人是例外呢？
“or is someone excluded?”
我认为《发条橙》里的小混混阿历克斯
I think Alex, the delinquent from Clockwork Orange,
就是这个例外
identifies with this place of exclusion.
而贝多芬的天才之处在于
And the great genius of Beethoven is that
他其实（在曲子中）表现出了这种例外
he literally states this exclusion.
突然间整个曲子变成了
All of a sudden the whole tone changes into a kind of
轻佻的旋律
a carnavalesque rhythm.
不再是那种雄壮的美
It’s no longer this sublime beauty.
打扰了兄弟，我两周前订了这个
Excuse me brother, I ordered this two weeks ago –
你能帮我看看到了没有吗？
can you see if it’s arrived yet please?
等一下
Just a minute.
当阿历克斯走进商场时，旋律变得俚俗起来
We hear this vulgar music precisely when Alex enters
我们可以从他的动作上看出来
a shopping arcade and we can see from his movements
他就像是回到家里一样自在
that now he feels at home.
他如鱼得水
He is like fish in the water.
不好意思，女士们
Pardon me, ladies.
贝多芬不是在俗气的歌♥颂
Beethoven is not the cheap celebrator
什么团结啦人性啦
of the brotherhood of humanity and so on –
我们是欢乐的一家人啦
we are one big happy family enjoying freedom,
自♥由♥啦高贵啦这些东西
dignity, and so on.
怎么样，宝贝儿们？
Enjoying that, are you my darling?
第一部分，是假装的歌♥颂
The first part, which is falsely celebrated today –
是你在各种公众活动中听到的版本
you hear it in all official events –
贝多芬就是以这一段著称
is clearly identified with Beethoven
然而第二段才是
as ideology, and then the second part tells
真正困扰意识形态当局的
the true story of that which disturbs the official ideology
他们不能够
and of the failure of the offical ideology
压制、驯化第二段所表现的精神
to constrain it, to tame it.
这就是贝多芬的
This is why Beethoven was doing something
高明之处
which may appear difficult to do.
他所创作的音乐
He was already in the purely musical work
其实是在批判意识形态
practicing critique of ideology.
如果说经典的意识形态是这样的
If the classical ideology functioned in the way
由马♥克♥思♥设计的公式
designated by Marx in his nice formula
在《资本论》第一卷：
from Capital Volume One:
“Sie wissen es nicht, aber sie tun es. ”
“Sie wissen es nicht, aber sie tun es. ”
人们不知道自己在做什么
“They don’t know what they are doing
但他们在做着这件事
“but they are none the less doing it. ”
而玩世不恭的意识形态是这样的
Cynical ideology functions in the mode of
我非常知道自己在干什么
“I know very well what I am doing
但我依然在做着这件事
“but I am still none the less doing it. ”
这一自相矛盾的论调被舞台优美地呈现了出来
This paradoxical constellation is staged in a beautiful way
在伯恩斯坦和桑德海姆创作的《西区故事》中的一首著名歌♥曲
in the famous song ‘Officer Krupke’ in Bernstein’s and Sondheim’s
《克拉普奇警官》
West Side Story.
嘿，你！
Hey, you!
—说我吗，克拉普奇警官？ —对，就是你！
– Who me, officer Krupke? – Yeah, you!
给我个理由好让我
Give me one good reason for not
不把你拖到警局里去，你个小流氓！
dragging you down to station house, you punk.
亲爱的…
Dear…
善良的克拉普奇警官，你得理解呀
kindly Sergeant Krupke, you gotta understand
我们还是孩子，这有什么办法
it’s just our bringin’ up-ke, that gets us out of hand.
我们的妈都是毒虫，我们的爸都是酒鬼
Our mothers all are junkies, our fathers all are drunks.
天啦，我们当然是小流氓！
Golly Moses, natcherly we’re punks!
哎呀呀，克拉普奇警官，我们好伤心
Gee, Officer Krupke, we’re very upset.
从来没有…
We never had the…
这个小混混帮派编造出一整套说辞
The delinquent gang enact a whole explanation,
以音乐的形式，解释他们为什么会变成这样
as a musical number of course, of why they are delinquents.
…在内心我们都是好人
…there is good, there is untapped good!
最坏的人也是如此
Like inside, the worst of us is good!
为了说服克拉普奇警官
Addressing the police officer Krupke,
不过他显然并没有被说服
who is not there but all is addressed at the police officer.
真是个感人的故事
That’s a touchin’ good story.
让我告诉全世界去
Lemme tell it to the world!
留着跟法官说去吧
Just tell it to the judge.
所以他们中的一个扮起了法官：
So one of them adopts the position of a judge:
尊敬的法官大人哪，我爸妈待我如狗
Dear kindly Judge, your Honor, my parents treat me rough.
他们有好多大♥麻♥，也不给我抽一口
With all their marijuana, they won’t give me a puff.
然后是心理学上的解释：
Then the psychological explanation:
…他不该在这儿晃荡
…he shouldn’t be here.
这孩子不需要沙发，他需要一份工作
This boy don’t need a couch, he needs a useful career.
社会对他一点儿也不好
Society’s played him a terrible trick –
他像个病人一样糟！