抢救切尔诺贝利（2006）

Cherbitsky, the first secretary of the Ukraine,
乌克兰第一书♥记♥雪比斯基
also went to the festivities with his family and his grandchildren.
也偕同家人与孙子参加庆典
It’s true that, in theory, that seemed very important to us,
理论上这对我们似乎很重要
to avoid any panic.
可以借此避免恐慌
But had we known how much radioactivity was already in the air…
但是如果我们早知道 空气中有多高的辐射量?
How many were contaminated during the festivities?
有多少孩子 在这场庆典中被辐射污染
Not a single statistical study has been published.
直到今天 尚未公布任何统计资料
Cherbinsky, first Secretary of the Ukraine Communist Party,
至於乌克兰共♥党♥的第一书♥记♥ 雪比斯基
Later committed suicide…
他随后自杀身亡了
One week after the explosion,
爆♥炸♥发生后一周
the exodus continues.
大撤退持续进行 [离开切尔诺贝利的道路 5月2日]
The inhabitants of the city of Chernobyl,
离核电厂7公里的
seven kilometers from the plant, are evacuated.
切尔诺贝利市居民也被撤离
So all the villages within a thirty-kilometer radius around the plant.
接着是核电厂方圆30公里内的 所有村庄居民
130,000 people are moved,
13万名居民被迁走
many of whom have already been dangerously contaminated.
其中许多人已遭到严重污染
A 300,000-hectare area straddling the Ukraine and Belorussia
跨立乌克兰与白俄♥罗♥斯♥的 30万公顷地区
is abruptly evacuated and isolated from the rest of the world.
所有居民瞬间撤离 该地从此与世隔绝
A vast region uprooted, an entire culture ripped from its land,
广大地区被清空 整体文化遭到连根拔起
a world wiped out in a few days’ time by an invisible enemy.
一个世界在几天内 就被看不见的敌人夷平
It was worse than a war.
这比战争更糟
Here, you couldn’t see the enemy.
在这里 你看不见敌人
In a war, you see the cannons, the machine guns, the tanks.
战争中你还能看到大炮 机关枪跟战车
Here, you see nothing.
这里什么都看不见
The radiation is everywhere.
但是到处都是辐射
It goes right through you. It gets into you
它会穿透你的身体 侵蚀你的身体
and you only start feeling the effects later.
你只会在稍后感受到影响
Sometimes years later.
有些人则是得等个几年
It’s terrifying…
太可怕了
Meanwhile, the radioactive cloud continues to drift over Europe.
这时放射性云层 持续飘向欧洲上空
It floats over Bavaria and Northern Italy.
云层飘到巴伐利亚 与北意大利上空
Radioactive Cesium 137 and lodine 131
放射性铯137与碘131
rain down on the south of France and Corsica.
在法国南部与科西嘉倾盆而下
Crops and pastures are seriously contaminated.
作物与牧草遭到严重污染
While French authorities deny its presence,
法国当局否认遭到云层污染
the cloud reaches Great Britain and spreads into Greece.
云层则已经抵达英国 并且扩散到希腊
In Chernobyl the level of radioactivity continues to climb.
在切尔诺贝利 放射量持续攀升
6000 tons of sand and boric acid have filled the hole.
裂口被6千吨♥的沙与硼酸填满
But underneath this gigantic plug,
但是在这个巨大的堵塞口下方
the white-hot magma continues to smolder.
高热岩浆持续闷烧中
10 days after the disaster,
灾变发生后10天
Gorbatchev personally invites Hans Blix,
戈尔巴乔夫私下邀请
director of the powerful International Atomic Energy Agency,
权威的国际原子能总署署长
to visit the site.
布利克斯前来视察现场
He is the first expert – and first Westerner – to visit Chernobyl.
他是第一位 视察切尔诺贝利的西方专家
Well, we have seen the sight from the air,
我们从空中勘查现场
and we have seen that a little smoke still coming up from the damage
可以看到毁损区域 冒出了小量的烟
They was a good deal of talk about the risk of a second explosion.
他们谈论许多关於第二次爆♥炸♥的事
I remember that, when we were in Moscow,
我还记得在莫斯科的时候
actually we had a friend, a relative of one of my experts,
有个朋友 我其中一个专家的亲戚来电
phone and said that we have rumor that second reactor might also explode.
他说传说着 还有第二个反应炉会爆♥炸♥
At the bottom of the reactor, 195 tons of nuclear fuel are still burning,
在反应炉底部 还有195吨♥的核燃料在燃烧
giving off incredible heat that is gradually melting the sand.
产生的惊人热气 逐渐熔化了沙子
On the surface of the plug, cracks begin to appear.
堵塞口表面开始出现裂痕
Once we plugged up the hole, the temperature started to rise.
我们把洞口塞住后 温度开始升高
We were afraid because it could have caused another explosion.
我们很担心 因为这可能引发另一次爆♥炸♥
It was terrifying.
非常骇人
Scientists came to take readings.
科学家前往测量读数
They were very worried.
他们忧心忡忡
They were afraid the critical temperature would be reached
他们担心会抵达临界温度
and it would set off a second explosion.
而引发第二次爆♥炸♥
That would have been a terrible tragedy.
这将造成严重的悲剧
The cement slab below the reactor core is heating up
反应炉核心下方的水泥板逐渐加热
and in danger of cracking.
并且可能裂开
The magma is threatening to seep through.
岩浆有往下渗透的危险
The water the firemen poured during the first hours of the disaster
灾变发生后 消防员第一时间所灌注的水
has pooled below the slab.
在水泥板下方积成水坑
If the radioactive magma makes contact with the water,
如果放射性岩浆接触到水
it could set off a second explosion even more devastating than the first.
将引发比第一次爆♥炸♥ 更具毁灭性的爆♥炸♥
The country’s top experts are called into action.
全国顶尖专家受命采取应对措施
Vassili Nesterenko was one of them.
瓦沙里纳特瑞柯 是其中一位专家
At the time, he was working on
当时他正从事
improving the Soviet Union’s intercontinental nuclear missiles.
改善苏联洲际核弹的工作
If the heat managed to crack the cement slab,
如果热气造成水泥板裂开
only 1400 kgs of the uranium and graphite mixture
现场1400公斤的铀跟石墨混合物
would have had to hit the water to set off a new explosion.
只要碰到水就足以引发新的爆♥炸♥
the ensuing chain reaction could set off
接下来的连锁反应
an explosion comparable to a gigantic atomic bomb.
将引发可比原♥子♥弹♥威力的爆♥炸♥
Our experts studied the possibility
我们的专家研究爆♥炸♥可能
and conclued that the explosion would have had a force of 3 to 5 megatons.
推断这次爆♥炸♥威力 将高达3到5百万吨♥
Minsk, which is 320 km from Chernobyl, would have been razed,
离切尔诺贝利320公里的明斯克 将被夷为平地
and Europe rendered uninhabitable.
整个欧洲将无法住人
We had to stop the process.
我们得阻止情况继续进展
If it continued,
再持续下去
it would have been an enormous disaster.
必定会酿成巨祸
An enormous nuclear disaster.
一场巨大的核子灾变
This second explosion would have been accompanied by a terrible shock wave
第二次爆♥炸♥ 将伴随著惊人的震波
and a massive rise in radioactivity
放射量会极度升高
that would have claimed thousands of lives in a matter of hours.
在几小时内夺走数千条人命
Thank God it didn’t happen.
感谢老天这并没有发生
There were trains with over a thousand cars
在明斯科 哥麦尔跟基辅
in Minsk, Gomel and Kiev,
已备好火车并加挂上千车厢
ready to evacuate the population.
准备疏散所有居民
The situation is critical.
情势非常紧张
In Moscow, the state commission decrees two emergency measures.
在莫斯科 国家委员会颁布两项紧急措施
First, send in a batallion of firemen
首先 派出大队消防员
to drain the water from under the reactor.
把反应炉底部的水抽干
They will later be declared national heroes,
他们在后来被称为国家英雄
but will suffer from radiation sickness the rest of their lives.
但是余生将受辐射病所苦
Second: seal the breach more effectively
第二 以更有效方式封住裂缝
to bring the temperature down once and for all.
一劳永逸地降低温度
In two days, General Antochkin’s men
在两天内 安托区金将军的手下
will drop 2400 tons of lead into the reactor.
空投2400吨♥的铅进入反应炉
When we started dumping lead in, the temperature went down right away.
我们一丢铅进去 温度马上就降低了
It absorbed well and sealed the hole as it melted,
它的吸热效果良好 熔化后也封住了洞口
so there was less radiation.
所以辐射降低了
But some of this lead melts when it hits the blaze
但是有些铅被火熔化后
and vaporises into the atmosphere.
蒸发到大气中
Twenty years later, traces of it can be found
20年后 切尔诺贝利病童的身体中
in the sick children of Chernobyl.
仍可见到微量的铅
It’s highly criticized today,
这种做法在今天遭到高度抨击
but given the situation, there was no better solution.
但是在当时的情况下 并没有更好的办法
And all the people
所有的人
military or civilians,
不论军民
officers or not – worked selflessly.
不论阶级全都无私地工作
I participated in this first stage,
我第一阶段就加入这个工作
and I can tell you,
我告诉你
it had to be done. It was heroism.
这件事非做不可 这是英勇行为
During this operation,
在这场行动中
600 pilots are fatally contaminated with radiation.
有600名驾驶员遭到辐射致命污染
All of them will die.
所有人都将死亡
But their efforts only buy a few days.
但是他们的努力 只争取到几天时间
Although it has been covered over, the fire still isn’t out.
虽然火已经被掩盖住 但却还没有扑灭
Flying over in helicopters isn’t solving the problem.
飞到上空的直升机 无法解决问题
They needed to get closer, go down into the breach.
他们必须靠得更近 往下进入裂缝
But how?
但是该怎么做?
With the imminent threat of a second explosion still looming,
由于第二次爆♥炸♥迫在眉睫
the makeshift measures continue.
权宜措施持续进行着
The blueprints of the plant reveal
核电厂设计图显示
that the “active zone” can be approached through the cable and pipe tunnels
可以透过厚水泥建造的管线通道