一部关于糖的电影

哇 那他怎么 他直接从罐子里面喝吗
Wow. And how does he… Does he drink it from the can?
不 从瓶子里 他妈妈会帮他放到他的小瓶子里
No, from a bottle. She puts it in his bottle.
埃德温今天要见拉里
Edwin is meeting Larry today
因为他打算拔掉他所有的牙齿
because he plans to remove all of his teeth
然后全部用假牙代替
and replace them with dentures.
他总共要拔掉二十六颗牙齿
He has 26 teeth that need to be extracted altogether.
我很想说这很少见 但其实一点都不
I’d like to say that that’s really rare but it’s not.
-你感觉怎么样 拉里 -嗯 挺好的
-You doing OK, Larry? -Yeah, pretty good.
-有点紧张 -好的
-Nervous. -OK.
你对今天有什么问题吗
Have you got any questions about today?
-有 -是什么
-Yeah. -What?
我们什么时候能开始
When can we get this started?
我们能让他妈妈呆在这里吗 好的
Can we get his mom in here? OK.
拉里的妈妈
安吉丽亚·哈蒙斯
我不希望他有什么痛 我希望我能代替他来承受
I don’t want no pain for him. I wish I could take it for him.
那痛死我了
不那太痛了
我能感受到每一处的痛
你做得很棒 伙计
You’re doing well, mate.
达蒙 你没感受到麻醉剂的作用吗
哦不
Hell no.
你是个勇敢的人
You’re a brave man.
我的血压像在说 嗖
My blood pressure is saying, “Whoosh.”
是的
Yeah.
好吧 现在 拉里并没有感到麻木
Well, right now, Larry doesn’t feel numb,
而且我认为这是好几个因素引起的
and I think we have a couple of factors playing a role in that.
一个就是 他太紧张了 肾上腺素正在飙升
One is that he’s very nervous and the adrenaline’s flowing,
另外就是他那里感染了
and the other is that he has infection in there
而且感染有一会儿了
and has had infection for some time,
所以麻醉剂没法起作用
so the anaesthetic does not take effect as well.
从他的牙齿现在的状况
The condition his teeth are in now
你就能知道他在来之前就已经痛得不行了
you know he’s suffered a lot before he’s even been here,
所以他太知道什么叫痛了
so he knows what pain is.
因为感染
Due to infection,
多少量麻醉剂都不会在拉里的牙床里起作用
no amount of anaesthetic would work on Larry’s gums,
所以埃德温决定把手术延期
so Edwin has decided to postpone the procedure
到其他日子
for another day.
联♥系♥到百事之后 他们认为适量的
When contacted, Pepsi said that in moderation
激浪是一个健康平衡饮食的一部分
Mountain Dew is part of a healthy, balanced diet.
但我可以反驳说 任何含有那么多糖分
But I would argue that any drink with that much sugar
和咖♥啡♥因♥的饮料
and caffeine in it
是有点难 适度 饮用的
is quite difficult to have in moderation.
事实上 尽管我陪着拉里经历了这么大的折磨
In fact, despite sitting through Larry’s ordeal,
我最惊讶的 还是当拉里告诉我
the biggest shock came when Larry told me
他依然热爱激浪而且他还会继续喝下去的
that he still loved Mountain Dew and would continue to drink it.
嗨 宝贝儿 哦 今天过得可好了
Hi, honey.’ Oh, it was an amazing day.
当你想到阿玛塔 然后这事儿
When you think of Amata and now this,
你已经见证了糖对人体的直接影响
you’re seeing the direct effects of what sugar’s doing,
而那些食品公♥司♥ 他们就完全看不到
and the companies, they just don’t see it
因为他们 他们正愁着怎么挣钱呢
because they’re… they’re worried about making money,
他们并没有在基层看到那些影响
they’re not on the ground level seeing the effects,
而且 说真的 他们也不在乎
and they don’t care, really.
我和牙医谈了 像
And I spoke to the dentist about, like,
百事就这事是怎么处理的 然后 他说
what Pepsi have done about it and stuff, and he said,
哦 他们联♥系♥我了 然后说
“Oh, look, they contacted me and said,
听着 我们真心想帮助你们
“‘Look, we really wanna help you out, ‘”
然后 他们给送来了辆休旅车
and, you know, so they’ve bought an RV,
又一辆车来帮助孩子们 但 他 就像
another car to help with the kids, but he’s, like,
听着 是的 这挺好的
“Look, yeah, it’s good,”
但他们真的不需要休旅车 他们需要教育
but they don’t really need an RV, they need education.
但 就像他现在说的一样
But, as he said today…
孩子们需要别每天都喝激浪了
They need to not drink Mountain Dew every day.
但 就像他说的那样 他们并没有去教育孩子们
But, as he said, they’re not gonna educate the kids
因为这就意味着孩子们就不喝了
’cause that means they’ll stop drinking it,
对他们来说 那会是灾难
and that’s a disaster for them.
通过和拉里相处的经历
My experience with Larry
让我认识了一个得过普利策奖的作者
led me to a Pulitzer Prize-winning author
他专门写那些食物公♥司♥巨头们
who has written extensively on how the food giants
如何让我们对其产品上瘾
have got us hooked on their products.
你不能低估
You can’t underestimate
那些公♥司♥为了
the amount of scientific effort
将自己产品的诱惑提升到最大化
that these companies will put into
而投入的科技成本
maximising the allure of their products.
我们需要理解我们是如何尝出味道
Understanding the sort of fundamentals
为什么我们渴望味道
of how we taste
以及什么使食物变得让人上瘾 这一系列基本原理
and why we crave and what makes food addictive.
我很幸运 能够和
I was lucky enough to spend some time
麦克·莫斯
《盐 糖 脂肪-食物产品巨头是
如何让我们上钩的》作者
加工食品业的传奇 聊一聊
with a legend in the processed food industry.
他的名字叫霍华德·莫斯科维兹
His name is Howard Moskowitz.
他带我了解了他近期
And he walked me through his recent creation
为胡椒博士创造的一种新口味的汽水
of a new soda flavour for Dr Pepper.
他从配方里面的六十一种不同程度的甜味剂开始
He started with 61 levels of sweeteners in the formulation,
参考了全国近三千
subjected that to more than 3,000
顾客的味觉测试
consumer taste tests around the country,
然后使用了那数据
then took that data
得出了最佳的甜味程度
and out came the optimum level of sweetness
这最佳甜味程度保证了
that was guaranteed to send their new soda
胡椒博士的新汽水迅速脱销
flying off the shelf.
在这产业紧闭的门背后
Behind the closed doors of industry,
这最佳的糖量
this optimal amount of sugar
被称为 满足点
is referred to as ‘the bliss point’.
在二十世纪七十年代的时候
Back in the 1970s,
霍华德·莫斯科维兹发现
Howard Moskowitz discovered
如果你增加食物里面糖的含量
that as you increase the amount of sugar in a product
人们会越来越喜欢它
people liked it more and more.
但之后这种喜欢会达到高峰
But then they peaked
如果再往里面加糖
and if any more sugar was added
人们就不会喜欢它了
then they stopped liking it.
所以我发现了 满足点
So I discovered the bliss point,
霍华德·莫斯科维兹
iNovum公♥司♥ 主席
然后它就被命名为了 满足点
and that’s what it was christened… the bliss point.
向前快进四十五年 这意味着意面酱
Well, fast forward 45 years later, it means pasta sauce,
意味着汽水 意味着麦片
it means sodas, it means cereals.
到处都在食物中创造各种满足点
Creating bliss points in products all over the place
这就是在开♥发♥探索孩子们的生物学啊
is exploiting the biology of the child.
所以 在孩子们心中就有了这种期望
You know, it’s created this expectation in kids
他们期望他们吃的所有东西都应该是甜的
that everything they eat should taste sweet,
所以当你尝试做一些蔬菜
so when you get to the vegetable aisle, right,
然后你想让小麦克吃掉那些西兰花
and you’re trying to get little Mikey to eat that broccoli
他就会开始尝出西兰花里面的苦味
and he starts tasting those bitter notes, right,
而不是甜味
instead of sweetness, you know,
然后作为家长的你 就有一大堆麻烦了
you’re in for a load of trouble as a parent.
当我们有这种对甜的原始欲望时
It’s understandable that our palates have adjusted
我们的味蕾已经调整好
to all of these blissed out foods
去接受食物里面的好的味道
when we have such a primal desire for sweet.
甚至大自然自己也创造了一种莓子
Even Mother Nature herself has created a berry
它能使你吃的任何东西都变甜
that makes everything taste sweet.
所以 在我面前 有三种我并不是
So, in front of me I have three food items
那么中意的食物
that it’s fair to say I don’t enjoy.
这是极辣的辣椒 这是酸柠檬
This here piping hot chilli, this here sour lemon
然后这是瓶恶心的苹果醋
and this nasty bottle of apple cider vinegar.
但显然
But apparently
如果我把这个奇迹莓放到我舌头上
if I put this miracle berry onto my tongue
然后吃这些东西
and then eat those things,
它会使这些东西尝起来有点甜
it’s supposed to make them taste sweet.
不可能
No way!
那尝起来像桔子
That’s an orange.
我有点困惑了
I’m dubious.
当它到我喉咙的时候 它特别强烈
When it hit my throat it was really intense,
但在嘴里的时候
but in the mouth…
我不知道它尝起来像什么