一部关于糖的电影

好心的政♥府♥官员
well-meaning government officials,
认为如果你能让麦当劳不再卖♥♥可乐
that if you could just get Coca-Colas out of McDonald’s
并且让孩子们多喝水果奶昔 他们就会更健康
and get the kids to drink fruit smoothies they’d be healthier.
但水果奶昔和可乐一样是高糖饮料啊
And yet the fruit smoothies have just as much sugar as a Coca-Cola.
我注意到美国食物的第一点
The first thing I noticed with American foods
是糖量少于四十茶匙是多么困难的事
was how difficult it was gonna be to stay under 40 teaspoons.
这不仅仅是食物里面富含大量糖
It wasn’t just the abundance of sugar in the food
而且还有叫作
but also the presence of a sweetener
果葡糖浆的甜味剂
called high fructose corn syrup.
它最初出现在软饮料里面
Its primary delivery system is soft drink,
这给每个美国人的饮食
which adds roughly 4,000 teaspoons a year
增加了每年四千茶匙的糖量
to the diet of each American.
人们事实上并没有意识到
People don’t actually realise
果葡糖浆和糖
that high fructose corn syrup and sugar
基本上就是一样的
are virtually identical.
看 二十世纪八十年代的玉米精炼厂们竭尽全力
See, corn refiners back in the 1980s did their best
来确保人们不会把
to make sure that people didn’t equate
果葡糖浆和糖混为一谈
high fructose corn syrup with sugar.
快速前进二十年
Flash forward 20 years later,
人们开始把肥胖的流行
people are blaming high fructose corn syrup
归罪到果葡糖浆上
for the obesity epidemic.
而如今 玉米精炼厂们又极力解释
And now the corn refiners are desperately trying to say
果葡糖浆就是糖 他们没什么区别
that they are sugar, they’re no different,
而糖产业则说 不 不是的
and the sugar industry’s going, “No, you’re not.
你完全就和我们不一样
“You’re entirely different.”
分离砂糖
果汁浓缩液
因为糖和果葡糖浆
With sugar and high fructose corn syrup
浓缩甘蔗汁
现在被放到聚光灯下
now in the spotlight,
甘蔗汁晶体
我注意到各种公♥司♥
I notice that companies are using
糖蜜
给其它果糖为基础的甜味剂
a range of seductive names
有机
椰子
树糖
取了一系列有诱惑力的名字
for other fructose-based sweeteners.
龙舌兰糖
任何糖类
Any sugar…
红糖 白糖 果葡糖浆
brown sugar, white sugar, high fructose corn syrup,
果汁里萃取的果汁浓缩液
fruit juice concentrate from fruit juice…
对你的健康有相同的影响
equal effect on your health.
今天感觉不是很好
Not feeling very well at all today.
我的胃有些恶心 整个早上都头疼
Nauseous in my stomach and had a headache all morning.
现在挺有意思的 因为我们正在开车穿过
And it’s interesting, ’cause we’re driving through
美国的农村地区 我们现在在卡罗莱纳州北部
rural America now, we’re in North Carolina.
这一路很难找到什么好一点的食物
It’s so hard to get any kind of decent food.
路上会有写着 食物出口 的标志
There are signs that say ‘food exit’,
但那基本上不是麦当劳
but that food is either McDonald’s
就是塔可钟或者肯德基
or Taco Bell or KFC.
这简直不可思议
It’s impossible.
如果你在这儿长大 那些就是你能尝到的
And if you grow up as a kid and this is your only experience of food
知道的食物了
and what food is,
所以在这个国家有这么严重的肥胖问题
it’s little wonder that there’s a massive problem
也不足为奇了
in this country.
我们的下一站是肯塔基州的巴伯维尔
The next stop was Barbourville, Kentucky.
在二十世纪九十年代的可乐大战中
In the great cola wars of the 1990s,
百事和可口可乐之间有一场激烈的战斗
Pepsi and Coke were engaged in a fierce battle.
百事军队在肯塔基州
The Pepsi army took a strong foothold
建立了强健的据点
in the state of Kentucky
他们的头号♥阻击手就是饮料激浪
and their number-one sniper is the drink Mountain Dew.
在一瓶1 25升的激浪里面
In this 1.25-litre bottle
你可以找到三十七茶匙的糖
you’ll find 37 teaspoons of sugar
并且 和同样容量的可乐相比
and 40% more caffeine than the same
它多了百分之四十的咖♥啡♥因♥
size bottle of Coke.
肯塔基州的人们可理解地
The people of Kentucky have understandably had
有些牙齿问题
some problems with their teeth,
而牙医正在尝试着对此做些什么
and one dentist is doing something about it.
他的名字叫埃德温·史密斯
His name is Edwin Smith.
这是他的信箱 这是他女儿
This is his letterbox, this is his daughter
而这是一个可收集的小雕塑的他
and this is him as a collectable figurine.
埃德温开着休旅车在肯塔基州到处跑
Edwin drives around the state of Kentucky in RVs
他把它改装成了一个移♥动♥牙科诊所
he has converted into mobile dental clinics.
他和他的团队拜访学校 教育孩子们
He and his team visit schools, educate the kids
还治疗他们的牙齿
and treat their teeth.
在我早期的业务中
Early in my practice
我看到这些病人们有这种不寻常的蛀牙
I saw these patients who would have this unusual decay,
棕色的 沿着牙床
brown decay, around the gum line,
经常是门牙
usually the front teeth.
大部分的人都特别对激浪
Most of these people were addicted to Mountain Dew,
上瘾
in particular.
这就让我们想出了
And that’s where we came up with the term
一个别称 激浪嘴
‘Mountain Dew mouth’.
我和一些自称能每天喝十罐的孩子谈了谈
I’ve talked to some kids who say they may drink 10 a day.
他们很早就开始喝了
They started drinking it so early
早到他们都忘了自己是什么时候开始的
that they don’t know when they started.
激浪会让你的内脏发痒
Mountain Dew will tickle your innards
因为每瓶里面都有些刺♥激♥
’cause there’s a bang in every bottle.
他们拿掉瓶盖 他们开喝
They take the lid off, they take a drink.
二十分钟后 刺♥激♥感就开始消退了
20 minutes or so, it starts to wear off
于是他们就开始喝另一罐
and they take another drink.
口腔要花二十分钟
It takes the oral cavity about 20 minutes
去用口水清洁自己
to cleanse itself naturally with saliva,
所以 如果你每二十分钟都要喝一罐
so if you’re taking a drink every 20 minutes,
这基本上就是你整天就让牙齿浸泡在汽水里了
it’s as though you’re bathing your teeth in this all day long.
你治疗过的最小的孩子几岁
What’s the youngest kids that you treat?
有时三岁的
Sometimes 3-year-olds,
三岁 四岁的孩子 他们有很多蛀牙
3-, 4-year-olds that have a lot of tooth decay.
那些经常被称为宝宝蛀牙
And those are usually what they call baby bottle tooth decay,
那些蛀牙因为他们用宝宝瓶来喝果汁
and that’s from having juices in baby bottles.
有时也是因为他们拿宝宝瓶来喝汽水
Sometimes it’s from having soft drinks in the baby bottles, too.
你大部分的治疗都是在肯塔基州进行的吗
Do you do the majority of your treatments in Kentucky?
-是 是的 -好的
-Yes. Yeah. -OK.
这是肯塔基州东部 阿巴拉契亚
It’s eastern Kentucky, the Appalachian region,
山脉地区
the mountains.
那是肯塔基州最贫困的地区
That’s the poorest region in the state.
这直接就等于贫穷
It’s directly related to poverty.
是的
Yep.
对这儿的人来说
It’s pretty common for people around here
喝很多汽水是特普通平常的一件事
to drink a lot of pop.
主要是激浪和百事可乐
Mainly it’s Mountain Dew and Pepsi.
这位是十七岁的拉里·哈蒙斯
This is 17-year-old Larry Hammons.
他一生都生活在肯塔基州
He’s lived in Kentucky all his life.
这是他的纹身 这是他最喜欢的T恤
This is his tatt, this is his favourite T-shirt
这些是他的牙齿
and these are his teeth.
拉里·哈蒙斯
再过八天 就是我的十八岁生日了
My 18th birthday’s in eight days
我的意思是
and, I mean,
人们因为我的牙就看不起我
people look down upon me because of my teeth.
从我小时候开始 我就从来没担心过我的牙
As I was a kid I was never worried about my teeth
我到哪都带着一瓶汽水
and I would just take a pop everywhere I went
而且我总是拿着一瓶
and I’d always have one in my hand.
你还记得自己是什么时候
And how old do you reckon you were
开始喝激浪的 大概多大的时候
when you had your first Mountain Dew, like, how old?
可能两岁或者三岁那样把
I would probably say two or three.
那你每天会喝几罐
And how much a day would you say you have?
我会说差不多四到五瓶把
I would say at least four or five bottles.
如果是罐装的话 大概至少十二罐吧
If it was cans, I would say at least a 12-pack.
十二罐一天
12 cans a day.
天哪 镇子里还有其他这样的人吗
Man, are there people doing that in this town?
是的
Yeah.
那 你之前谈到你表弟
What about… You were talking about your cousin before.
我猜每天六到七罐吧
I would say about six or seven cans a day,
毕竟他才三岁
and he’s only three years old.