一部关于糖的电影

但实际上并不是愉快的心情
but it’s not actually a very pleasant mood.
凯尔特美食女王
达蒙 血糖是如何影响你情绪的
So, Damon, the way that blood sugar affects your mood,
我打算画一个非常简单的图表解释一下
I like to explain to people with a really simple diagram.
这条线表示你的血糖水平
So, this is your blood sugar levels here.
在这个数值上时 你的大脑处于高兴的状态
This is the point where your brain is really happy
因为它由足够的糖维持着这个状态
’cause it’s got enough sugar to keep it going.
脑子也是你身体中最重要的器官
It is your most important organ in the body, in that way.
在你吃了含糖多的食物之后
When you eat something that’s really sugary,
比如棒棒糖或者果汁之类的
like lollies or fruit juices, that sort of thing,
你的血糖就会很快飙升
your blood sugar will spike really quickly
然后快速下跌
and then it will crash down again really quickly.
快速下跌的原因是
The reason it crashes really quickly is because,
身体对糖作出反应 释放胰岛素
in response to that sugar, the body releases insulin,
这种激素把糖分带入细胞
the hormone that takes it into the cells
从而转化为能量
so it can be used for energy.
因此 这样的大跌
So, that big crash though
意味着你的大脑不再高兴
means that your brain’s no longer happy,
所以 对此作出反应
so, in response to that,
就会释放出肾上腺素这样的应激激素
we get the release of stress hormones like adrenaline,
该激素向大脑发出信♥号♥♥
which is then signalling the brain
告诉你再吃一些含糖多的食物
to tell you to eat something sugary again
这样就会重回高兴状态
so that we can get it back up again.
于是 我们再一次获得更多胰岛素 再下跌
And so, once again, we get more insulin and it dips down,
这也就是为什么你的情绪会产生波动
and that’s why you get the fluctuations in your mood,
因为糖量在飙升和猛降
from that sugar spiking and falling.
而肾上腺素的问题是
And the problem with the adrenaline
它会导致焦虑
is that that can lead to anxiety
甚至恐慌
and even panic attacks
因为这些情绪的变化
because of those mood changes.
以我的经验来看
Given my experience
血糖水平的波动
of fluctuating blood sugar levels,
我会情不自禁地想到
I couldn’t help but think of children
在为学习挣扎的孩子们
struggling to learn at school.
一个充斥着隐形糖的饮食
Could a diet full of hidden sugar
会是这问题的一部分吗
be contributing to the problem?
这会深深地影响到
This has had a very profound impact
儿童的行为和心理疾病
on children’s behaviour, on mental illness.
这加剧了不同类型的
It has exacerbated many different types
神经系统疾病
of neurological disorders,
但我们从不言明到底是什么原因导致的
but we don’t actually name what the cause is,
那是饮食中的糖
which is the sugar that’s in the diet.
糖脆谷物有一层糖果外衣
Sugar Crisp is candy-coated
直到盒子里的最后一个小麦泡芙
right down to the last wheat puff in the box.
作为谷物早餐 它就是花♥花♥公♥子♥
As a cereal it’s dandy.
作为零食 它又如此方便
For snacks it’s so handy.
它吃起来就像吃糖
Or eat it like candy.
宝氏糖脆谷物
Post’s Sugar Crisp.
不要笑 这是为了 你知道我为什么这样做
Don’t laugh. It’s for the… You know why I’m doing it.
我的高糖饮食的速度
The speed at which my high-sugar diet
影响着我 惊讶到了我们所有人
was affecting me took us all by surprise.
我要把实验范围拓宽
I was going to have to expand the scope of the experiment,
所以我要离开小镇几天
and this would take me out of town for a few days.
2002年 我在土著社区待过一段时间
In 2002 I spent some time with an Aboriginal community
他们消耗的糖量把我惊呆了
and was stunned by the amount of sugar they consumed.
和许多当地土著文化一样
Like so many indigenous cultures
糖是由西方传过来的
introduced to a Western diet,
土著人和糖的关系似乎特别容易被破坏
their relationship with sugar seemed particularly destructive.
他们的饮食中
The Aborigines have remarkably little sugar
糖很少
in their diet.
两个或三个小块糖果
Two or three small pieces of candy
可能和土著人一年下来
would be equal to the sum total of the amount of sweetness
的甜度总和相等
that an Aborigine would get in one year.
在2008年
In 2008,
可口可乐宣称澳大利亚北领地
Coca-Cola claimed that Australia’s Northern Territory
是他们在世界上人均销♥售♥最高的地区
was their highest-selling region per capita in the world.
这在很大程度上
This was, in large part,
应归功于原始部落社群当地的商店
due to the local stores in the Aboriginal communities.
阿玛塔小镇在距乌鲁鲁[艾尔斯岩石]的100千米处
Just 100km from Uluru is the small town of Amata.
这里基本上没人饮酒
It has always been alcohol-free,
但在2007年 这里还不到400人的居民
but in 2007 its population of just under 400 people
却消耗了四万升软饮料
consumed 40,000 litres of soft drink.
所以一个原住民决定做些什么
So one Aboriginal man decided to do something about it.
他的名字叫做约翰·特里根扎
His name is John Tregenza.
这是他的包 这是他的普塔鲁头巾
This is his case, this is his putaru
这个是他的绰号♥
and this is his nickname.
为什么呢
Why?
因为我从不说些废话
‘Cause I cut through the bullshit.
我第一次来这儿 是1973年
When I first come up here, in 1973,
约翰 唐库 特更扎
土著社区发展工作者
我估算一下
I would estimate that,
这儿百分之十的人的饮食都来自于商店
say, 10% of the people’s diet came from the store,
现在这个比例几乎是百分之百
and now it’s almost 100%.
因此商店里面卖♥♥些什么
So it was obviously critical that people’s health
对于人们的健康来说就是关键
depended on what they were carrying out the store door.
对商店的依赖
This reliance on the store
是由于各种环境变化
has been caused by a variety of environmental changes.
主要是一种外国草的引进
The main one being the introduction of a foreign grass
占领了整片草原
that took over the plains
赶走了原生动植物
and drove away the native plants and animals
原生动植物为人们提供了几个世纪的丛林食物
that had provided bush tucker for centuries.
在阿玛塔 很难相信 仅仅40年前
Being in Amata, it was hard to believe that only 40 years ago
这些人主要靠土地生活
these people were living predominantly off the land.
我们所有的家庭和老人
All our families and old people,
我们的祖父辈和曾曾曾祖父母
all our grandfathers and great-great-grandparents,
他们只吃丛林食物
they only eating bush tucker,
比如鸸鹋 袋鼠 火鸡
like emus, kangaroos, turkey,
野生番茄 野生甜菜
wild tomatoes, wild beets.
而且他们身体很健康
And they were healthy,
根本不生病
no sickness.
后来白人来到了澳大利亚
And then the white fella came into Australia,
带来了所有甜食
he bring all the sweet things
比如棒棒糖 饼干 所有东西
like lollies… biscuits, everything.
接着商店逐渐开起来
With stores filling up
卖♥♥着高盈利的含糖食物
with highly profitable sugary items
然后社区人群的健康快速衰退
and the community’s health rapidly declining,
约翰 他的同事以及当地一家健康机构
John, his colleagues and a local health council
成立了一个项目
established a program
来保证人们能够吃到新鲜健康的产品
to ensure people had access to fresh, healthy produce.
该项目被称为麦威瑞项目
They called it Mai Wiru
很快该项目就开始运作了
The Mai Wiru quickly went to work.
他们将油炸食品下架 增加了免费制冷饮水机
They removed deep-fryers, added free cold water fountains
雇了一个营养学家给社区做知识普及
and hired a nutritionist to educate the community.
给孩子们 他们用迷幻蔬菜
For the children, they made music videos
制♥作♥了音乐视频
with psychedelic vegetables
然后把这些标志贴在商店的冷冻柜上
and put up these signs on the store’s fridges.
我把这个放到测试中
I put this one to the test
我觉得他们做对了一些事情
and I think they might be onto something.
但最重要的是 当地人有权利
But, most importantly, the local people were empowered
开始自己为自己的健康做决定
and began making their own decisions about their health.
阿玛塔的社区决定
The community at Amata decided
他们想要减少摄入含糖食物
that they were wanting to reduce the amount of sugar intake
他们在整个社区都宣传过了
that they were having throughout the community.
他们应该只把好的食物投放到我们的商店中
那么我们就可以吃到喝到没有糖的健康食品
如果事情的确是这样
我们的孩子就可以健康成长
撤销的第一个高糖食物
The first high-sugar item to go
就是黑色气泡饮料
was the black fizzy stuff.
然后他们说道 我们不想要可乐
Then they’ve said, “We don’t want Coke,”
莫里斯·汤普森
阿玛塔商店经理
所以就没有了可乐
so they don’t have Coke.
没有一个人对此感到伤心 这是长者做的决定