一部关于糖的电影

that it’s just about energy balance.
如果说
‘Cause if there’s something uniquely deleterious
糖类有特殊的害处的话
about sugar…
那么它的处境就和香烟一样
then they’re in the realm that cigarettes are in,
会让人想起烟草和肺癌的关系
tobacco and lung cancer.
可是 如果仅仅是暴饮暴食的话
But if it’s just about eating too much
或者说是因为运动量太小
or not exercising too little,
如果糖分中的卡路里
if a calorie of sugar is no different than
和花椰菜中的卡路里没有不同 那就没关系了
a calorie of broccoli, they’re fine.
仅仅告诉人们去调整他们的体重
Just tell people to moderate their weight…
如果你正在变胖 少吃点就好了
if you’re getting fat, eat less and that’s all there is.
糖类产业还推行这个思想
So the sugar industry also sort of pushed this idea
卡路里就是卡路里 没有什么区别
that a calorie is a calorie is a calorie,
可是 事实上
and yet these calories do
这些卡路里对人体的影响是显著不同的
dramatically different things in the human body,
一向如此
and they always have.
现在我弄明白一件事情
It’s become clear to me
为了获得利益
that in the search for profits,
食品公♥司♥不仅仅瞄准了
the food companies are not only targeting
我们原始的对糖类的欲望
our primal desire for sugar,
同时他们还坚持说 所有卡路里都是一样的
but are also insisting that all calories are equal.
结果是
The result is that we feel like failures
当我们上瘾或者超重时我们就觉得自己是个失败者
if we’re addicted or overweight.
或许 贪婪使得我们变得超重且体弱多病的这种想法
Perhaps the greed that is actually making us overweight and sick
是公♥司♥的手段的一部分
is of the corporate variety.
-你好 -你好 宝贝儿
-Hello, you. -Hello, honey.
可以看一下你的肚子吗
Can you show me the belly?
看看这个小宝贝 他在踢妈妈的肚子呢
Have a look at this baby. He’s actually doing little kicks.
快
Quick.
哦
Aww.
嗨 宝贝
Hello, baby.
嗨 宝贝
Hello, baby.
嗨 爸爸
Hello, Daddy.
-再见 -爱你哦
-Bye. -Love you.
-再见 -再见
-Bye. -Bye-bye.
-再见 -再见
-Bye. -Bye.
你知道我们国家有多少人对糖上瘾吗
Do you know how many sugarholics there are in this country?
成千上万
Millions and millions of them.
去学校的操场看看
As you go around the schoolyards,
你就会看到这个国家的男生和女生们
you watch the young boys and girls of this country
你会看到有多少的孩子
and see how many of these children…
他们虚弱 肌肉状态不佳
Their soft, weak muscles are out of condition,
他们缺少了他们应有的能量与活力
they don’t have the energy and vitality they should have.
他们看起来就像糖一样 他们不
They look like sugar, they don’t…
四十五天之后
After 45 days,
有件事情越来越明显
it became more and more evident
关于糖 我们并没有得到正确的信息
that we’re just not getting a clear message about sugar.
糖的世界范围内的交易大约有五百个亿
Could the fact that sugar’s global trade is worth $50 billion
会和这个有关系吗
have anything to do with it?
原来 对于真♥相♥的打♥压♥
It turns out that the suppression of the message
起始于二十世纪七十年代
began in the 1970s
当时美国政♥府♥正第一次
when the US Government was reviewing the safety of sugar
审查糖类的安全性
for the first time.
糖类协会发起了一个运动
The Sugar Association launched a campaign
以此来保证他们的产品不被诽谤
to ensure their product wasn’t vilified.
这种情况下 糖类企业所做的事情是
In this case, what the sugar industry did,
他们在证据模糊的时候就介入了
is they stepped in when the evidence was ambiguous
他们说
and they said,
我们希望证据一直是模棱两可的
“We’re gonna kinda make sure it’s always ambiguous.”
为了做到这一点 糖类协会买♥♥通了科学家
To do this, the Sugar Association paid scientists,
他们招募了一个公♥关♥公♥司♥
hired a PR company
发布了一则消息 是这样写的
and released a report with a press release that read:
他们发布了一个文件叫做 糖在人类饮食中的作用
They put out this document called Sugar in the Diet of Man.
没有证据表明这是被糖类公♥司♥买♥♥通的
There was no sign that it was paid for by the sugar industry.
立即发表
科学家消除糖恐惧
华盛顿特区8月4日
一组九个美国领先 科学家消除了消费大众对糖的顾虑
糖 仅仅只是一种碳水化合物 和其他任何广泛使用的食物并无区别
进食合理数量的 糖是无害的
1974年这些医师和牙医们 开始注意到糖作为食物开始加重的重要性
并开始研究糖对健康到底会有什么影响
在全国各个医疗中心和各个大学里 他们发现…
看起来是一份很正式的文件
It looks like a very official document,
是在一份期刊上发表的
it’s published in a journal.
糖类公♥司♥发出了两万五千份复印本
The sugar industry sends out 25,000 copies.
这份报告后来被政♥府♥
This report was then used by the government
认可了其正确性
to determine its findings.
糖果被免罪了 世界人♥民♥都认可了这份判决
Sugar was exonerated and the rest of the world followed suit.
杰克·特姆 糖类协会的会长
Jack Tatem, president of the Sugar Association’s
展示给了董事会看 并说
presenting to his board and he says,
看 并没有结论性的证据能够证明
“Look, there is no conclusive evidence
糖类和慢性疾病有关系
“linking sugar to these chronic diseases.
这是我们组织中的命脉
“And this is the lifeblood of our organisation,
是我们生产的命脉
“it’s the lifeblood of our product.
如果有人要将糖类和这些疾病联♥系♥在一起 我们就死定了
“If anyone ever links sugar to these diseases, we’re dead.
我们的工作
“So our job, what we have to do…
就是平息舆♥论♥
“is make sure that there’s no consensus.”
你懂得
You know.
对证据的操纵
This manipulation of evidence
故意让清水变得浑浊
and deliberate muddying of the waters
听起来好熟悉
is all sounding very familiar.
小睡一觉可好
OK, how’s about taking a nap?
我有个更好的主意 我们抽一根温士顿烟休息一下吧
Hey, I got a better idea. Let’s take a Winston break.
就这样 温士顿是
That’s it! Winston is…
显然 直到今天 这种事情还在发生
And, evidently, it’s still going on today.
如果列出一个清单
If you create a list of the things
列出烟草公♥司♥为了拖延和回避
that the tobacco industry did to stall or to fight off
公众减少吸烟的健康行为
public health actions that would curtail smoking,
院长 桑福德公共政策学院
凯里·布劳内尔 博士
杜克大学
食品行业正在做同样的事情
the food companies are doing every single one.
买♥♥通科学家来替食品行业说话
Paying scientists to do studies that favour industry positions,
买♥♥通专业机构
paying money to professional organisations,
比如研究心脏和研究癌症的机构
like heart-related and cancer-related organisations,
并且使得它们出版一些欺骗性的出版物
putting out deceptive statements in the press,
将那些不为他们说好话的科学归结为
characterising science that doesn’t work out for industry
垃圾科学
as ‘junk science’.
这种事情能列一个长长的单子
There’s a very long list of these things.
烟草行业已经做过了那些事情
The tobacco industry did them all
食品行业正在做同样的事情
and the food industry is doing them all.
有好多的结论
Many of the reviews,
而最终的结论
the final review,
是没有明显的证据表明
is that there is no evidence
糖和新陈代谢疾病有联♥系♥
that sugar is associated with metabolic disease
任何种类的疾病
of any kind,
这都是由糖类产业资助的
are funded by the sugar industry.
鉴于我目前为止所学到的一切
Given everything I have learnt so far
很难相信
it was hard to believe
仍有科学家为糖类和果糖辩护
there are still scientists defending sugar and fructose.
我很好奇 于是我去和其中的一个科学家见面
I was curious to meet one of them.
我将近三年没有吃糖了
I haven’t eaten sugar for nearly three years
这部影片的一部分就是 我在六十天里
and part of this film is that I’m, for 60 days,
持续一个含高果糖量的饮食
eating a very high-fructose sugar diet.
我想或许我会增加一些体重
I thought maybe I’ll put on a little bit of weight,
在澳大利亚来说是六千克 也就是十五镑
I put on six kilos in Australia, which is 15 pounds.
好的
Right.
所有都是隐藏的糖类 燕麦条 低脂酸奶
All hidden sugars… granola bars, low-fat yoghurt.
发生了什么呢
What’s happening?
恩 我承认这是个很有力的小故事
Well, what I’d say is that that’s a very powerful anecdote
我想
and I think, you know, it’s…
我想 这对很多人来说这是事实
I think that can be true for a lot of people.
但我认为你在大量摄取任何东西的时候
But I would say that you had to be careful any time you do
都应该要小心
a high amount of anything.
比如一次白面包主导的饮食
I think if I was to put you, again, on a white bread diet,
或者土豆片主导的