一部关于糖的电影

我叫达蒙·加诺
My name is Damon Gameau.
这是我的檐板房♥
This is my weatherboard house.
这是我定时纪录女朋友怀孕的照片
This is a time-lapse of my girlfriend’s pregnancy.
只剩三个月就要生了
There’s three months to go.
这是我十岁时候的照片
And this is a photo of me at age 10.
我是少见的长着两颗大暴牙的男孩
I was a rare boy whose face grew into his teeth.
在五年前 遇到我女朋友的时候
Five years ago, when I met my girlfriend,
我靠香烟 糖果
I was pretty much living on cigarettes,
和自家做的澳式披萨为生
sugar and my homemade Australian pizzas.
但是那时 我就像男生们通常做的那样
But then, as men often do,
假装对女孩子们喜欢的事感兴趣来加深印象
they feign interest in things to impress a girl.
骑双人自行车之类的
The lovers’ bike.
对我而言 则是健康饮食
For me, it was healthy eating.
事实上我为了搞定她 我不再吃高精炼糖了
I actually cut out refined sugar from my diet to seal the deal.
但是现在糖已经占据了各大头条
But now sugar is dominating the headlines
关于这个话题还有许多的舆♥论♥和猜想
and there’s so much debate and conjecture on the topic
这使我们很难抉择到底应该相信什么
that it’s hard to know what to believe.
但是这个小生命马上就要诞生了
But with this little person on the way,
我觉得我有必要给出个明确的答案
I feel like I need some definitive answers.
如果一个普通的澳大利亚四口之家
If the average Australian family of four
大卫 吉莱斯皮
创始人
要去买♥♥他们一个礼拜所需的糖
had to buy the sugar they are consuming in a week,
他们会去超♥市♥
they would be going to the supermarket,
从货架上拿六包一千克的糖 六包
taking six 1-kilo bags of sugar off the shelves… six…
把它们带回家 在一周内吃掉
taking it home, eating it all that week
然后下周再去超♥市♥买♥♥六包
and then going back next week and doing it again.
显然 高糖饮食的能力
Clearly, the ability to be on a high-sugar diet
是较新的
is really new,
尤其把它放在人类的进化史来说
especially in terms of evolutionary time zone.
糖在当今社会已经相当流行了
Sugar has become so prevalent in today’s society
如果你从一个标准的超♥市♥货架上
that if you removed all the items containing it
移除含糖的所有物品
from a standard supermarket’s shelves…
那只能剩下百分之二十的货物了
just 20% of items would remain.
一个关于糖的故事
先生们 女士们 男孩们 女孩们
Ladies and gentlemen, boys and girls,
这是糖的简要历史
this is the condensed history of sugar.
原糖
关于糖的第一份报告 出自公元前8000年的新几内亚
The first reports of sugar came from New Guinea in 8000 BC.
当地的神话传说 在一个人热爱上甘蔗的茎之后
Local mythology says that the human race came about
人类就彻底改变了
after a man made love to the stalk of a sugar cane.
哇
Ow.
然后 通过贸易路线
Then, via trader migration routes,
甘蔗来到了印度
the cane made its way to India.
谢谢大家
Thank you.
在十二世纪 糖到了欧洲
In the 12th century, sugar arrived in Europe.
但是 由于糖的珍贵
And, due to its rarity,
它很快就成了贵族地位的象征
it quickly became a status symbol for royalty.
伊丽莎白一世非常热爱糖
Queen Elizabeth I had a real love of sugar.
因为吃了太多的糖她的牙齿开始腐烂变黑
So much so that her teeth rotted and went black from it.
呃
Eugh.
在二十世纪初
At the start of the 20th century,
在茶或者咖啡里加糖
sugar was still seen as a treat…
仍被认为是一种款待
something you would add to a cup of tea or cup of coffee…
但是 在这之后 1955年
but then, in 1955, an event occurred
一件大大地影响到
that significantly influenced
如今我们食用的糖量的事发生了
the amount of sugar we eat today.
美国上下震惊得知总统
A stunned nation hears that its president
患上了心脏病
is stricken with a heart attack at…
在1955年9月23日
On September 23, 1955,
美国♥军♥队
菲茨西蒙斯军医院
美国总统德怀特·艾森豪威尔
the US President Dwight Eisenhower
深受心脏病的折磨
suffered a heart attack
并且关于心脏病的问题
and the issue of heart disease
强行闯入了公共视野内
was thrust into the public domain.
被邀请到医院的是
Summoned to the hospital,
一个著名的波斯顿心脏病专家
a famed Boston heart specialist…
两个强有力的理论就此出现了
Two strong theories emerged.
一个是由叫安哥·季斯美国科学家提出的
One, led by an American scientist named Ancel Keys,
他宣称肥胖是心脏病的根源
who declared that fat was the problem…
另一个是由叫约翰·尤德金的英国医生提出的
while a British doctor named John Yudkin
他相信糖才是罪魁祸首
believed sugar was to blame.
如果每个人都能一年只吃四镑的糖 我会很高兴
I’d be very happy if everybody ate four pounds of sugar a year.
但是他们吃了一百镑的量
They eat a hundred pounds!
在过去的二十年里
Over the next two decades,
这方面的讨论引起了双方激烈的争论
the discussion brought fierce arguments from both camps.
但在二十世纪七十年代末 安哥·季斯最后获得了成功
But by the end of the 1970s, Ancel Keys had won out.
肥胖才是罪魁祸首 而糖却幸免于难
Fat became the villain, sugar was exonerated,
之后 低脂运动全面展开了
and the low-fat movement was in full swing.
我们制度化了
We institutionalised this idea
低脂饮食是健康饮食这一观点
that a low-fat diet is a healthy diet.
所以你要做的就是去掉脂肪
So what you want to do is remove fats…
这就是业界认为的
This is how industry perceived this.
我们将从健康食品中移除脂肪
We’re gonna remove fat from otherwise healthy foods,
但是当我们这么做的时候我们必须替换卡路里
and when we do this we have to replace the calories,
我们必须确定我们有好的口味
we have to make sure we have the right mouth feel.
并且要吃起来和有脂肪时是一样美味
And it has to taste as good as it did with fat,
所以最好的解决办法就是加糖
and the best way to do that is with sugar.
随着糖现在逐渐渗透我们的食物供给
With sugar now saturating our food supply
对于它是否影响我们健康的困扰
and the constant confusion over its effects on our health,
我们只能通过
the only real way to get some answers
由我重新开始吃糖然后再观察其对我身体的影响
is for me to start eating sugar again
来得到答案
and see what it does to my body.
所以第一步要做的就是建立一个实验
So the first step is to set up an experiment
并由一组专家提供帮助
with the help of a team of experts.
我的首席顾问是大卫·吉莱斯皮
My chief sugar adviser is the author David Gillespie…
他的别称叫做十字军
aka The Crusader.
十字军
负责我血液测试的
In charge of my blood tests
是澳大利亚一个技术领先的临床病理学家
is one of Australia’s leading clinical pathologists,
肯·斯凯瑞斯医生 他又叫做血液教授
Dr Ken Sikaris, aka Professor Blood.
血液博士
我的营养师是莎伦·庄士敦
My nutritionist is Sharon Johnston…
是凯尔特美食女王
the Celtic Food Queen.
凯尔特美食女王
监督我整体健康的是戴比·赫布斯特博士
And supervising my overall health is Dr Debbie Herbst,
他又叫做检察官
aka Check Upz.
检察官
好的 我想执行这个任务
OK, so, I want to do this mission,
我想弄明白糖到底会对我产生什么影响
I want to find out what sugar does to me.
我需要做什么样的事
What kind of things do I need to do?
律师”甜蜜毒药”的作者
大卫 吉莱斯皮
如果你要和澳大利亚平均水平齐平的话
If you want to match Australian averages,
你将会在这个范围内
you’re gonna have to be in the range,
每天四十茶匙糖
40 teaspoons of sugar a day.
-四十茶匙一天 -是的 四十茶匙一天
-40 a day? Yeah, 40 a day.
这是大部分加工食品所加入的
That’s what’s embedded in most of the processed food
也是大部分人所吃的
that most people are eating.
所以
So…
是的 这意味着我要吃很多
Right, so does that mean I’m gonna eat a lot
这种酸的彩虹糖吗
of these kind of sour rainbow blowpipes?
我的意思是 我要怎样吃够四十茶匙的糖
I mean, is that… How am I gonna get to 40 teaspoons?
你不需要吃这些来摄入的四十茶匙糖啊
You won’t need to come near a place like this to get to 40 teaspoons.
你只需要去超♥市♥ 你就能买♥♥到四十茶匙的糖啦
You just go to a supermarket and you’ll get to 40 teaspoons.
好吧
Right.
这个实验的目的是为了检验出一个高糖的饮食
The point is to test out a very high sugar diet
看看我们会得到哪些影响 以及是否给身体带来变化
and to see what effects we get, what changes I notice in the body.
两个月的时间里 我要每天都摄入四十茶匙的糖
Two months, I wanna eat 40 teaspoons of sugar a day.
-四十茶匙 -是 四十茶匙
-40 teaspoons?! -40 teaspoons.
你要怎么做呢
How are you gonna do that?
现成的谷物早餐 比如家乐氏的恰好谷物
Off-the-shelf breakfast cereals, like Just Right,
庄士敦沙龙
理疗家 营养学家
低脂果味酸奶
low-fat flavoured yoghurt.
另一个就是烘豆加吐司
Another good one would be some beans on toast.