Tao Yuanming Poems: Miscellaneous Poems  (VIII) – 陶渊明《杂诗  (八首其八)》

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杂诗
 (八首其八)

代耕本非望,所业在田桑。

躬耕未曾替,寒馁常糟糠。

岂期过满腹,但愿饱粳粮。

御冬足大布,粗絺[1]以应阳。

正尔不能得,哀哉亦可伤!

人皆尽获宜,拙生失其方。

理也可奈何,且为陶一觞。

这首诗中,诗人自言努力躬耕,却常常饥寒交迫,只能依靠糟糠充饥、粗布御寒,勉强度日。顾念自身如此勤苦,而他人皆有所得,于理实在不通。无可奈何,只有借酒浇愁抚慰内心的愤愤不平。“代耕本非望,所业在田桑”是做官食俸禄非我所愿,耕种田地、植桑养蚕才是本行,意指诗人对当时仕途的厌恶,以及归田的决心。接下来写到诗人亲自参加农业劳动且未曾停止,因饥寒常吃粗劣的食物,说明诗人不善耕种。“但愿饱粳粮”是说但愿饱食吃细粮。意指诗人当前窘困的生活使其无奈且充满哀伤。“且为陶一觞”是说还是举杯痛饮将忧愁忘记吧,意指诗人即使饥寒交迫也不愿出仕,体现诗人孤傲高洁的品质及达观的心态。

注释:

[1]粗絺(chī):粗糙的葛布。

Miscellaneous Poems
 (VIII)

I do not hope to earn good wages;

To do farm work is all my due.

My folks have tilled the field for ages;

Hunger and cold are nothing new.

I never ask more than enough,

Satisfied with chaff and plain food,

Clad in winter clothes of poor stuff

And in summer garment not so good.

I cannot meet my humble need.

How sad to say with broken heart!

Others may thrive in word or deed,

I can’t earn a living apart.

What can I do and how can I

Drown my grief but drink my cup dry!

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