依然爱丽丝

妈妈 生日快乐
Okay, happy birthday Mom.
噢 那是给我的吗
Oh, is that for me?
你看起来不像四十岁远远没有五十岁那么老
Yon don’t look 40, much less 50.
噢 查理 别老不正经的
Oh Charlie, please,
但还是谢谢你 我很感激你的恭维
but thank you. I appreciate it.
-可以现在打开它吗 -当然打开吧
-Can I open this now? Yes! -Open it please.
噢 我的上帝 天呐 我太喜欢了
Oh! Oh I love it.
-喜欢吗 -真是太美了
-Do you like it? -It’s so beautiful!
如果你想退掉它也行
You can exchange it if you want.
不不 我不会那么做 我真的很喜欢
No no, I’m not going to, I absolutely love it!
你总是给我那么好的礼物
You always give me these
你喜欢就好
Good!
抱歉 我来迟了
Sorry I’m late.
噢 嗨 诶 丽莎不来吗
Oh hey! Hey, isn’t Lisa coming?
嗯 她来不了 我们分手
Um, no. We split up.
原来如此 我看到你的个人状态再次更新为单身了
Uh-oh. Yes, Idid notice that your status popped up to single, yet again.
我…把礼物忘在柜子里了
I, um, forgot your present. I left it in my locker.
没关系 希望你没花太多的钱
That’s okay, I hope you didn’t spend too much..
噢 别心 他才不会呢
Oh, don’t worry. He didn’t.
你去哪儿了
Where have you been?
急诊室就像疯人院 来了一个家伙 被刺了6刀
The ER was like a madhouse. This one guy came in, six stab wounds.
其中一刀离他的心脏真的只有几英吋了
I swear one missed his heart by seriously inches.
别这样 汤姆 现在是晚餐时间 拜托了
No Tom, it’s dinnertime, please.
这不还没开始上菜嘛
Not yet, it isn’t.
就快了
Nearly.
那你在服用那种抗生素
So what kind of antibiotics did you –
妈 叫丽迪雅了吗
Mom, have you spoken to Lydia?
她本想来的 但她今晚有个很重要的试镜
Yes, she wanted to be here tonight but she had a really important audition.
什么试镜
What for?
额 应该是电视剧里的敌对方吧
Um, I guess for some TV thing, something enemy.
或许这会是一个突破
Maybe this will be a big break.
嗯嗯 是的
Mmhmm, Maybe.
千万要屏住呼吸哦
Don’t hold your breath.
别这样说
Stop it!
你们小时候一定有过节吧
You guys must’ve been something growing up.
我能想像你们抢洋娃娃的场景
I imagine dolls with heads cut off.
你错了 我和我姐姐关系很好
No, my sister and I were very close actually.
不是的 对不起 我说的是安娜和丽迪雅
No I was, I’m sorry, I was talking about Anna and Lydia.
噢 我的天 我也不知道自己为什么说这些
Oh, oh my goodness. I don’t know why I said that.
好啦 我们来这是为了庆祝你生日的
Well we’re here to celebrate you Mom.
那爸爸 说个祝酒辞
So Dad, what about a toast?
爸 祝酒辞
Dad! Toast.
噢 来了来了
Oh, yes yes.
为我生命里最美丽最具智慧的女人
To the most beautiful and most intelligent woman I’ve known in my entire life!
干杯
Cheers!
生日快乐 我们爱你
Happy Birthday! We love you!
我们也爱你 干杯吧亲爱的
We love you too. Cheers darling.
我是弗雷德里克·约翰逊
My name is Fredrick Johnson.
加州大学洛杉矶分校的认知科学的助理教授
I’m an associate professor of cognitive science here at UCLA
在此热烈欢迎我们的来自纽约的讲者
and I’m here to welcome our speaker who just flew in from New York.
在我的论文里
Now, in my dissertation,
我花了大概一章半的篇幅刻薄地抨击她
I spent about a chapter and a half fairly vituperatively citing today’s guest
阐述自己认为她观点错误的理由
and saying why I though she was wrong.
其次是 每一次我和爱丽丝争辩 对的都是她
For the record, every time that Alice and I argued, she was right.
爱丽丝·霍兰德是哥伦比亚大学
Alice Howland is the Lilian Young Professor
莉莲杨学派的语言学教授
of linguistics at Columbia University.
她最广为人知的是在抚育三个孩子的同时
She famously wrote her seminal textbook From Neurons to Nouns
撰写了影响巨大的教材《从神经元到名词》
while raising three children.
相信在这过程中 她不仅体会到育儿的乐趣
I’m sure getting more than a few “Ah-ha” moments from them,
同时成为了世界范围内
and it is now considered one of the corner stones
语言学教育的奠基人之一
of linguistics education all over the world.
请热烈欢迎爱丽丝·霍兰德 博士
Please welcome Dr. Alice Howland.
非常感谢
Thank you so much.
大多数孩子在四岁以前
Most children speak and understand
即会说并理解他们的母语
their mother tongue before the age of 4 without lessons, homework
无需经过课堂 作业 或者太多的反馈
or much in the way of feedback.
他们是如何完成这个难以置信的壮举呢
How do they accomplish this remarkable feat?
这就是自达尔文用日记记录他的幼儿牙牙学语以来
Well, this is a question that has interested scientists
科学家一直很感兴趣的问题
at least since Charles Darwin kept a diary
他观察到人趋向张嘴说话是一种本能
of the early language of his infant son.
正如我们所知巴别塔中的孩子
He observed man has an instinctive tendency to speak
自此以后
as we see in the babel of young children.
我们了解了更多
Much has been learned since then,
但今天想谈的是我实验室的最新研究
but today I’d like to focus on some recent studies from my lab
介乎18个月至两岁半的孩子
on the acquisition of past tense irregular verb forms
对不规则动词过去式的习得
in children between the ages of 18 months and two and a half years.
这时你可能说 对越来越少的事物了解得越来越多
Now, you may say that this falls into the great academic tradition
最后什么也不懂
of knowing more and more about less
从而这陷入了危险的学术传统
and less until we know everything about nothing.
但我希望能使你们相信通过观察这婴儿进入到
But I hope to convince you that by observing these baby steps into the,
额 进入到
into the, ah.
我就知道不该喝那杯香槟
I -I knew I should’ve had that champagne.
观察语言词库积累的缓慢过程
Into the word stock of a given language, we will learn crucial information
我们将会发现一个关于记忆和运算之关联的重要信息
about the relationship between memory and computation
它对于交流有非常重要的意义
that is the very essence of communication.
词典
Lexicon.
-嘿 -嗨
-Hey! -Hi!
不好意思 你来得太出乎意料了
Sorry, you just caught me by surprise.
进来吧 呃有点乱
Come on in, it’s um, it’s messy but in know,
但我正在收拾
I was in the process of cleaning.
没关系的宝贝 我习惯了
It’s fine honey, don’t worry.
男生们都很邋遢
The boys are total slobs.
厨房♥是主战场 但我已经在训练他们了
The kitchen is the main battle ground but I’ve got them in training
到底怎样只能顺其自然了
so, we’ll see how that goes.
那 呃 他们去哪了呢
So, um, where are they?
打工啊
Working.
道格在星巴克 马尔科姆在餐馆帮忙
Doug’s at Starbucks, Malcolm does some catering.
我猜这就是人们所说的”勤奋型演员”
I guess that’s what they mean by working actor huh?
你有跟其中一个谈恋爱吗
Are you involved with either one of them?
呃 道格是同性恋
Um, Doug’s gay.
马尔科姆 我的确跟他好过一阵但都过去了
And Malcolm, I did have a thing but it’s over.
但他把我安排进了”开放空间”
He got me in with Open Space though,
就是最好的剧团
it’s like, the best theater company.
是的 我听说过
Yes, I heard.
哦 谢谢你 我吃完了
Oh, thank you, yeah, I’m done.
如果你看过《此路不通》就太好了
It would’ve been awesome if you saw No Exit.
你♥爸♥说你演得很好
Daddy said you were really good.
我还好啦
I was alright.
那不是我的最佳表演 但至少他能够明白
It wasn’t my best night but at least he could get,
你知道 就像一种感觉
you know, like a sense of it.
你懂得 明白他为何这么做
Figure out why he’s doing,
为什么支持剧团
you know, being solid with the company.
什么意思呢
What do you mean?
嗯 他来帮忙 人真的太好了
Um, it’s just really nice of him to help out.
他怎么会帮剧团了呢
How is he helping with the company?
作为成员
It’s our responsibility
我们有责任提高自已演出剧目的收益
as members to raise equities for the productions we put on.
最后我们会从票房♥分成
And then eventually we get a cut of the box office and,
类似于股东
we’re sort of shareholders.
所以说 你们是花钱买♥♥表演的机会
So basically you have to pay to act.
不
No,
这是个剧场团体
it’s a theater group,
这就是现实 这里情况就是如此
it’s just the reality of the situation. It is how it is here.
这是洛杉矶
It’s Los Angeles.
莉迪亚 难道你不认为是时候重新考虑一下吗
Lydia, don’t you think it’s time you reconsidered things,
你这么聪明
you’re so smart.
你人生中更多事情可以做
There’s so much more you could be doing with your life.
比如读大学
Like going to college?
对 对 比如读大学
Yes! Yes, like college.
就像以前我们每天讨论的那样
Yeah, like we’ve never talked about that before,