淡水把营养物质冲进来 把海洋变成了乳白色
The freshwater flushes in nutrients and turns the ocean milky.
海藻在浮冰底部生长
Algae grows on the bottom of ice floes.
一种只吃海藻的微小生物
And a tiny creature that eats nothing but algae
游进南极冰层深处
swims deep beneath Antarctic ice.
磷虾
Krill.
只有5厘米长的虾状甲壳类动物
Shrimp-like crustaceans just two inches long. . .
几乎通体透明
and almost transparent.
你可以看到它们肚子里 都是吃进去的海藻
Inside their bellies, you can see the algae they’ve eaten.
单只磷虾看起来算不上什么大餐
Individually, a krill doesn’t look like much of a meal.
但鲸鱼们是来此批量进货的
But the whales are here to buy in bulk.
若单按质量计算
As a single mass,
磷虾超过了全世界人口加起来的重量
krill outweigh the world’s entire human population
整整超出了九千万吨♥
by more than 90 million tons.
接下来四个月中 这头鲸鱼妈妈将尝试
For the next four months, this humpback mother will try to eat
每天吃两千多公斤的磷虾
around 5, 000 pounds of krill a day.
它将告诉其他座头鲸 去哪里可以找到磷虾
She’ll talk to other humpbacks about where to find them.
而它每小时可以增重达5公斤多
And put on as much as 12 pounds of bodyweight per hour.
在两餐中间
In between meals,
它暂停了在家庭授课 打了个盹儿
she pauses her home schooling and catches a nap.
它会在水面上休息一个多小时
She rests at the surface for an hour or more. . .
有时候幼崽会跟它一起
and sometimes her calf joins her.
它们在不断变化的水流中睡觉
They sleep through changing currents.
吵闹的邻居
Noisy neighbors.
大自然没完没了的变更
And nature’s endless renovations.
每次它们醒来 工作就会更加困难一点
Each time they wake up, their work is a little bit harder.
随着季节的推移 磷虾数量越来越少
As the season wears on, the krill thins out,
必须将它们赶拢
and must be rounded up.
就像在阿♥拉♥斯加吃鲱鱼的座头鲸
Like the humpbacks that eat herring in Alaska,
这位鲸鱼妈妈也需要特殊技能
this mother also has a special skill.
它大声呼唤 找到一位心甘情愿的队友
She calls out, and finds a willing teammate.
它的幼崽在后方等待
Her baby waits behind.
它们一起潜入磷虾群中 然后这样做
Together, they dive down to the krill, and do this.
这是一种高度专业化的 泡泡结网捕食法
It’s a highly specialized form of bubble-net feeding
只有部分鲸鱼在这里练习这种方法
that only some whales down here practice.
两条气泡流 把磷虾吓得挤成一个紧紧的球
The dual stream of bubbles scares the krill into a tight ball. . .
直接舀食即可
ready for scooping.
学会了这一招 每年夏季生活就会变得很轻松
Learn to do this well, and every summer the living will be easy.
鲸鱼妈妈必须教会幼崽
Mother needs to teach her calf.
但这头喜欢玩乐的幼鲸却疲于观看
But the fun-loving youngster tires of watching
独自走开了
and wanders off on his own.
这是个危险的选择
It’s a dangerous choice.
它可能还没意识到会有什么危险
He may not realize what’s at stake.
虎鲸出没于南极洲这片水域 随时准备攻击幼崽和弱者
Orcas patrol this part of Antarctica, ready to attack the young and the weak.
座头鲸和虎鲸是不共戴天的仇敌
Humpback and orcas are mortal enemies.
原因在此
And this is why.
这只虎鲸偶然发现了 这只孤零零的座头鲸幼崽
This orca stumbled across this lone humpback calf
并采取行动
and makes a move.
这可能是一次测试 看看座头鲸是否脆弱
It’s likely a test, to see if the humpback is vulnerable.
但虎鲸自己也有幼崽
But the orca has a calf of her own.
即便是座头鲸幼崽也有尖锐的藤壶
And even young humpbacks have sharp barnacles
在它们的鳍上生长 使其成为强大的武器
growing on their flippers, making them into powerful weapons.
形势发生了逆转
The table is turned.
这头勇敢的座头鲸幼崽暂时是安全了
The bold humpback calf is safe for the moment. . .
但虎鲸鲸群却已靠近
but the orca’s pod is nearby,
无法得知如果它们大批返回 会是怎样的情形
and no telling what will happen if they return in numbers.
它不会留下来寻找答案
He doesn’t stay to find out.
座头鲸妈妈呼唤了
The humpback mom calls.
它的幼崽知道这种交流意味着什么
Her baby knows what this communication means. . .
“马上回到妈妈身边”
“Get back to Mom ASAP. ”
它兀自游开 妈妈不高兴了
She’s not happy he swam off.
一旦它们离开这些觅食地 幼崽就要断奶了
Once they leave these feeding grounds, the calf will be weaned. . .
接下来八个月它不会再吃东西
and he won’t eat again for another eight months.
但在它能够加入长辈们的盛宴前
But before he can join his elders in the feast,
必须掌握吹出完美P形气泡圈的技能
he must master making the perfect P-shaped ring of bubbles.
几乎总是顺时针方向
Almost always in a clockwise direction.
跟蹒跚学步的小孩子一样
Like a toddler learning to walk,
它的第一次尝试很可爱 但都是错的
his first attempts are adorable, but all wrong.
在几周时间里 它会越来越自信
Over the course of a few weeks, he gains more confidence.
它的字母P开始显现出希望
His letter Ps start to show promise.
现在 揭晓真♥相♥的时刻到了
Now, the moment of truth.
妈妈邀请它同它们一起试试身手
Mom invites him to join them for a try.
如果它学得够好 将出现三个完美的P形圈
If he’s learned well, there will be three perfect P-shaped rings,
第三个就是它的
and the third will be his.
现在它已掌握窍门 没什么能阻挡它
Now that he’s got the hang of it, there’s no stopping him.
它所做的比学会泡泡结网捕食法 更有意义
What he’s done is more significant than learn how to bubble-net.
它学会的是一种习俗
He has learned a custom. . .
是通过复杂的交流方式 代代相传的秘密
a secret passed down through the ages with sophisticated communication.
这是它要传承的传统
And these are traditions he will pass on.
如何觅食
How to feed. . .
如何唱歌♥
how to sing. . .
如何相互联♥系♥
. . . how to connect.
这也是其他鲸鱼物种的文化
This is also what culture looks like for other whale species.
有些甚至与家族有着更紧密的关系
Some have even stronger ties with their clan. . .
有着定义不同群落的行为
behaviors that define distinct tribes. . .
以及更为先进的交流方式
. . . and communication even more advanced.
这就是鲸鱼之爱 歌♥声和秘密的本质
This is the incredible nature of the love, the songs,
令人叹为观止
and the Secrets of the Whales.
海洋环境不易拍摄 知道吧？
The ocean is not the easiest environment to shoot in, you know?
你会遇到海风 遇到海刺
You’ve got wind. You’ve got sea sting.
会遇到快速变化的天气 还有咸水
You’ve got rapidly-changing weather. You’ve got saltwater,
这对摄影器材和电子设备来说 无疑是一场灾难
which is hell on your camera equipment and your electronics.
每次到水下拍摄
Any time you’re shooting underwater,
每个事项的难度 都要增加几个数量级
everything just goes up by a couple of orders of magnitude in terms of difficulty.
希望它们明天在这里出现
Let’s hope they’re here tomorrow. I mean. . .
我们等着看它们会不会来这里
I guess let’s see if they come up. . .
-对 觅食吧
Yeah. . . . feeding here.
但偶尔也会比较走运
But now and then you get lucky.
在那边
Oh, right there.
-就在我们附近 老天
Oh, it’s gonna be right around us. Holy. . .
-快起来 它们来了！ 我的天
Oh, my God.
-快看！ 我的天
Oh, my God.
哇塞！
Wow!
多年来 我一直尝试进入海洋 捕捉一些图像
This is probably one of the most amazing things I’ve seen
在我的所见所闻中 这可能是最奇妙的景象之一
in years of trying to go out into the ocean and wrestle away a bit of imagery.
少说我们也花了数月的时间做准备
You know, in the months, if not years, of preparation,
在海上耗了无数个小时 度过了漫长的数周
and the hours and hours long weeks that you spend at sea.
鲸鱼们没有拿着剧本
You know, the whales didn’t get the script.
它们没有备忘录 知道吧？
You know, they didn’t get the memo, you know?
“早上9点出现 我们会准时到”
“Show up at 9:00 a. m. We’ll be there. ”
有趣的是这些座头鲸
You know, the interesting thing here is that these individuals
并非同一个家族的成员
are not family members.
它们来自海洋中截然不同的地方
They travel from widely separate places in the ocean
每年都会回到这个地方 像是重聚联欢会
to come back to this place, like a reunion, every year,
一起实施这个集体觅食战略
to do this group feeding strategy.
其实它们单独行动也同样效果惊人
They can do it as effectively on their own, individually,
但它们选择了集体行动
but they choose to do it together.
这里面有一种社交成分
There’s a social component to it.
其中可能有快乐的成分 或者安慰的成分
There’s a, maybe a joyful component to it, or a comforting component to it.
这里的关键词是“传统” 这是它们选择去坚守的东西
The keyword here is tradition. It’s something they elect to do.
一些它们认为有价值的东西 这需要靠后天习得
Something that has value to them. It’s learned.
需要交流 需要协作
It requires communication. It requires coordination.
这就是一种传统
That’s a tradition.
这可能就像 感恩节聚餐对我们来说一样
It might be like getting together for Thanksgiving dinner is to us.
这是有意义的 有文化意义
It has meaning. It has cultural meaning.
就算谈不上是重大发现 这个节目所观察到的重要现象
The great sort of observation, if not discovery, of this show
就是有明显存在的鲸鱼文化
is that there is demonstrable whale culture.
看看布赖恩
Look at Brian.
他满脸惊奇 仿佛说“哇！”
He’s like, “Wow! ”
