鲸鱼的秘密（2021）第一季 第二集

它的曲子很特别
His is a special tune.
几个月前 每头雄鲸还唱着去年的歌♥曲
Just a few months ago, each male was singing a song from last year.
每逢交♥配♥季节 雄鲸就会变换曲调
During mating season, males introduce variations.
它们一起创作出一首全新的冠军单曲
Together, they craft a new number one hit.
然后 所有雄性座头鲸加入进来
Then, all the male humpbacks join in
开始吟唱同一首曲子
and start singing the exact same tune.
从此开始了地球上最伟大的
And where it goes from here is one of the greatest communication feats
交流壮举之一
on the planet.
不知什么原因 这种鲸鱼一直
Somehow, it travels. . .
在行进中
and travels.
横跨整个大♥陆♥ 整个旅程将近五千公里 不可思议
Across a continent, an incredible 3, 000 miles.
突然间 澳洲东海岸的这些雄性座头鲸
All at once, the male humpbacks on the East Coast of Australia
开始唱起了西海岸的这首新曲
take up this new hit from the West.
很快 所有雄性都唱起了 同一首“鲸曲”
Soon, all the males sing the exact same whale song. . .
这种极富感染力的曲调 可能传到更远的东方
. . . and this infectious tune may spread even farther east.
库克群岛
在南太平洋上 15个小岛组成了库克群岛
In the South Pacific, there are 15 Cook Islands. . .
有些岛屿是地球上最偏远的地方
some of the most remote places on the planet.
有传言称 雄性座头鲸会以某种方式利用珊瑚
There are stories that male humpbacks somehow use coral
来增强它们的声音
to boost their sound.
《国家地理》的摄影师 布赖恩·斯克里
National Geographic photographer Brian Skerry
潜入海底 想看看他是否 能用摄影机捕捉到这种行为
heads down to see if he can capture this behavior on camera.
我能听到这种萦绕心头的曲调
I can hear this haunting melody.
这只座头鲸唱歌♥的声音
This sound of a humpback whale doing its song.
这种歌♥声在我整个体腔内产生共鸣
It resonates within my entire body cavity.
我潜到水下大约30或40米
I swim down to a depth of maybe 30 or 40 meters,
发现了这头鲸鱼
and there is the whale.
它在利用珊瑚
And he’s using the coral.
这是极为罕见的行为 也几乎没有被研究过
This is rarely seen behavior, and barely studied.
它头朝下对着这个珊瑚环礁
He’s head-first in this ring of coral,
像是歌♥剧院中的男高音 在演唱自己的歌♥曲
working it like a tenor in an opera house to broadcast his song.
它利用这个地方 利用这些珊瑚来放大歌♥声
He’s taking this place, the corals, to amplify the sound.
把这里当作一个天然的圆形剧场 来向外投射声音
Using it as a natural amphitheater to project that sound outward.
这头鲸鱼将声音投射到远处
This whale projects his voice.
但它唱的歌♥是远在八千公里外的 西澳大利亚
But does he sing the same song that the unrelated humpbacks first created
同它毫无血缘关系的座头鲸 创作的那首吗？
more than 5, 000 miles away in Western Australia?
鲸鱼生物学家南·豪瑟 可以从一两句歌♥声中分辨出来
Whale biologist Nan Hauser will be able to tell from a phrase or two.
很清晰
It’s clear.
太好了！
-Yes!
太好了！
Yes!
我的天
Oh, my gosh.
她证实 同样的曲调在鲸鱼之间传播
She confirms the same tune has traveled from whale to whale,
传播范围可达绕地球五分之一的距离
a fifth the way around the globe.
当我们逐步得以解开这个谜团时
When we do get little pieces solved of that mystery,
这是座头鲸给我们的礼物 它们没必要送我们这份礼的
it’s a gift from the whale, because they don’t have to give it to us.
这些歌♥声很有可能 帮助雌性座头鲸选择伴侣
The songs likely help female humpbacks choose a mate,
但南在尝试寻找答案
but Nan’s trying to figure that out.
座头鲸这种复杂的行为
This whole complex behavior that humpbacks have,
确实令人震惊
is. . . it’s staggering.
有时候夜里我睡着后
Sometimes at night I just fall asleep,
都会尝试去想象 这种行为可能意味着什么
trying to imagine what it could possibly mean.
我们知道这些歌♥曲
We know that these phrases are being passed
从西边传到东边
from west to east,
从西澳大利亚传东澳大利亚
starting in Western Australia, to Eastern Australia,
然后一直到法属波利尼西亚
and then all the way across to French Polynesia.
没有其他哺乳动物会这样来利用歌♥曲
There are no other mammals that use song this way.
没有的
There are none.
这是一种文化现象
It’s a cultural phenomenon.
是一种涟漪效应！
It’s a ripple!
这是横向的文化传播
It’s horizontal cultural transmission.
这个季节的歌♥曲 就像一首迅速蹿红的流行歌♥
The song of the season is like a viral pop tune.
随着它传播开来 这首歌♥的艺术 被传给了下一代
And as it spreads, the art of the song is handed down to the next generation.
布赖恩和南并不是仅有的听众
Brian and Nan aren’t the only ones listening.
这只刚出生的雄鲸宝宝 也沉浸在歌♥声中
This newborn male also takes in the tunes.
可能需要再过十年或更长的时间
It could be another ten years or more before he’s ready to introduce
它才能准备好唱出自己的变奏曲
his own song variations.
现在 它正在倾听 学习和探索
For now, he’s listening, learning, and exploring.
它发现了勾起它好奇心的东西
And he discovers quite the curiosity.
它只是瞥了我一眼
He kinda’ got a glimpse of me,
几乎就停了下来
and it was almost like he just stopped and. . .
它仿佛说“喂 你是谁啊？”
. . . you know, he was kinda like, “Whoa, who are you? ”
它像个蹒跚学步的人类小孩 好像小孩子
It’s like a human toddler. It’s like a little child that, you know,
第一次睁眼看世界
sees things for the first time.
在它眼中 布赖恩是个长相奇怪的独眼生物
Brian is a strange-looking, one-eyed creature
用一根管子当嘴巴
with a tube for a mouth.
这似乎值得展示和讲述
It seems worthy of show and tell.
布赖恩跟随这只幼崽找到它的妈妈
Brian follows the calf to its mom. . .
极为难得地一窥座头鲸的亲缘关系
and gets a rare glimpse of humpback whale kinship.
你真的能感觉到这种亲情纽带
You just really sense this emotional bond.
非常特别
That’s really special.
鲸鱼妈妈投入大量时间来养育幼崽
These moms invest so much time in their calves.
幼崽会在妈妈身边待一年左右
And the calves stay with their moms for about a year,
在这期间
and during that period. . .
鲸鱼妈妈会将生存之道 尽数传授给幼崽
Mom is teaching them so many things that they need to know to live.
这是习得行为 人类就是这么做的
It’s learned behavior. It’s what humans do.
那样的家庭关系
Those family relationships. . .
对它们来说 就像家庭对我们一样重要
are as important to them as families are to us.
鲸鱼妈妈和幼崽待在一起
Mom and calf stay close. . .
幼崽学会了一生中最重要的一课
as the calf learns one of the most important lessons of its life. . .
即如何到达南极洲
how to get to Antarctica.
它的第一顿大餐取决于此
His first solid meal depends on it.
它必须紧跟在妈妈身边
He will have to stay close to Mom.
这个过程一定无比艰辛和残酷
It will be grueling, and relentless. . .
对鲸鱼妈妈和幼崽来说都是考验
and it will test them both.
它们甚至一丝一毫的偏差都没有
They don’t even deviate by one degree.
这意味着 它们是沿着一条直如飞箭的路线行进
That means they’re following a straight line, straight as an arrow.
这太神奇了 因为茫茫大海中
And that’s amazing, because you’re talking about this vast blue ocean
没有任何地标
with no landmarks.
这头雌鲸和它的幼崽并不孤独 它们只是一场盛况中的一部分
This mother and her calf are not alone. They are part of something much bigger,
这是一个由众多歌♥唱家 和全球沟通者组成的网络
a network of singers and global communicators.
座头鲸纷纷涌向南方大♥陆♥的
Humpbacks pour down the east and west coasts
东西海岸 即澳洲
of the southern continents, Australia. . .
非洲和南美洲
Africa, South America.
将近十万头鲸鱼
Almost 100, 000 whales.
现在它们的合唱很不一样了
Their chorus is very different now.
在这趟旅程中 雄鲸的歌♥声要少得多
The males sing much less during this journey.
鲸鱼妈妈和幼崽悄声低语地交谈
While Mom and calf talk in whispers,
比成年鲸鱼之间的谈话要低40分贝
forty decibels lower than an adult conversation.
鲸鱼妈妈继续加快速度
Mom continues to fast. . .
只是偶尔停下休息和哺乳
and only pauses to rest and nurse.
它们和我们一样是哺乳动物 只有它能喂养自己的幼崽
They are mammals like us, only she feeds her baby
一天供应570升乳汁 不可思议
an incredible 150 gallons of milk a day.
它们像蒸汽火车一样朝南驶去
They power on south like steam trains.
长途跋涉八千公里后
After some 5, 000 miles. . .
母子俩已接近世界的尽头
Mom and son near the bottom of the world.
南极洲
最开始 只有几头座头鲸到达
At first, just a few humpbacks arrive. . .
接着几百头
then hundreds. . .
接着几千头
then thousands.
这趟年年周而复始的旅程 最后一站是集♥合♥点
This last chapter of their yearly cycle is a rendezvous.
交谈声不绝于耳
There’s lots of chatter.
老朋友再聚首
Old friends reunited. . .
新朋友见面
. . . and new ones to meet.
来自库克群岛的这头幼鲸越来越强壮
The youngster from the Cook Islands has grown strong,
仅靠妈妈的乳汁 六个月就增重9吨♥
and gained nine tons in six months on Mom’s milk alone.
它耗费了大多数精力来追上妈妈
He’s spent most of his energy keeping up with her,
但现在它又可以玩耍了
but now he can play again.
所有成员都饿坏了 尤其是鲸鱼妈妈们
All are famished, especially the mothers.
这正是它们来此的目的
And that’s why they’re here.
南极洲一直在忙着 为这些庞然大物准备饕餮盛宴
Antarctica has been busy preparing a feast for these giants.
随着夏天的到来 无尽的阳光融化了冰川
With summer, comes endless sunshine that melts the glaciers.