回到太空（2022）

…就像科幻小说里的火箭
可以在任何地方起飞和降落
…you know, the sci-fi vision of the rocket
that can take off and land anywhere.
这与我们之前认为的可能性相差甚远
That’s so far away
from what was even considered possible.
这真的真的很难做到
Like, that’s
really, really, really hard to do.
事实上 还没有人尝试过
让轨道助推器着陆
In fact, no one had ever tried
to land an orbital booster.
当我们刚开始尝试的时候
让火箭着陆确实看起来很荒谬
Landing a rocket certainly seemed absurd
when we first started trying it.
为了做到这一点 你必须把这个
To get it right,
you have to set down this thing
摩天大楼大小、重达30吨♥的东西
that is the size of a skyscraper
and weighing 30 tons
降落在大海中♥央♥的这个小区域上
and land it on this speck
in the middle of the ocean.
任何时候、任何部分都可能出错
At any point,
any part of that can go wrong,
那就只有一种结局 就是爆♥炸♥
and it’ll only end one way,
which is in an explosion.
太空探索技术公♥司♥不害怕失败
他们几乎是在拥抱失败
SpaceX is not afraid of failure.
They almost embrace failure.
“喂 我们要测试一下这个
这可能会爆♥炸♥”
“Hey, we’re gonna test this.
It might blow up.”
“如果爆♥炸♥了 我们就会学到些东西”
“If it blows up, we’ll learn something.”
美国宇航局传统的合作方式是
The way a traditional partner
with NASA works,
在火箭上运载工具之前
everything all along the way
从头到尾每件事都是经过检验的
is qualified
before it ever gets on the vehicle.
太空探索技术公♥司♥的做法非常不同
SpaceX does things very differently.
这两种思想体系完全相反
The two philosophies
couldn’t be more opposite.
你会看到美国宇航局
在纸上解决所有问题
You’ll see NASA
literally solving everything on paper,
而太空探索技术公♥司♥实际上是
一直建造东西 看看有什么突破
and SpaceX is literally building stuff,
seeing what breaks,
然后从那里迭代
and then iterating from there.
他们正在研制一种围绕爆♥炸♥的火箭
They’re developing a rocket
around those explosions.
这就是为什么要进行多次发射
制♥造♥大量火箭
That’s why it’s important to have a lot
of launches and make a lot of rockets.
每一枚火箭
每一次发射都是一次改进的机会
Every rocket, every launch
is an opportunity to improve.
显然 我们对失败感到不快
Obviously, we get unhappy
about failures that we have,
但我们也对失败带来的结果感到高兴
but we also are pleased with the results
that come out of failures.
你永远不会了解你的系统
You never know your system
除非你把它推到极限 让它崩溃
until you’ve pushed it to the limit
so that it breaks.
人们想象可重复使用火箭
One of the reasons
people had imagined reusable rockets
但从未实现的原因之一
but had never achieved it
就是我们从未成功实现精确着陆
is that we’d never cracked
precision landing.
火箭发射后…
After the rocket launches,
助推器级分离
the booster stage separates
然后翻转 发射回地球
and then flips around
to shoot back towards Earth.
所以我们必须弄清楚
So we had to figure out
如何让一枚速度是音速七倍的火箭
how to get a rocket that’s moving
seven times the speed of sound
飞回目标
back to its target.
首先我们发展了腿部
First, we developed the legs,
引擎、驱动器、传感器
还有一些非常先进的算法
the engines, the actuators and sensors,
and some very advanced algorithms.
最后我们添加了网格鳍
Finally, we added grid fins.
通过旋转这些鳍
By rotating these fins,
我们精确地引导火箭飞回目标
we precisely guide
and fly the rocket back to the target.
在最后一分钟
At the very last minute,
我们再一次为着陆燃烧点燃引擎
we light the engines one more time
for the landing burn
让火箭在着陆时减速
to slow the rocket
all the way down for landing,
希望正好在X轴的中间
hopefully right in the middle of the X.
六、五、四、三…
Six, five, four,
three, two, one, zero.
（2015年 二号♥轨道通信卫星发射）
二、一、零
猎鹰九号♥发射
Liftoff of Falcon 9.
猎鹰九号♥已经离开了塔台
Falcon 9 has cleared the tower.
两级确定分离
Stage separation confirmed.
第一级在返回陆地
The first stage
is returning to land.
-一级着陆燃烧
-Stage one landing burn.
成千上万的人
参与了助推器着陆的工作
Thousands of people
worked on the booster landing.
七年的时间完全是为了让助推器着陆
Seven years was entirely
about getting that booster to land.
当那东西最终降落
When that thing finally came down
并完美地落在目标上时
and did a picture-perfect landing
right on the target,
这就是其中一个
it’s just one of those moments…
将伴随你余生的时刻
…that you will carry
for the rest of your life.
-立起来了
-It’s standing up. It’s standing up.
-It’s standing up.
-我的天啊
-看看这个 它就立在那里
Oh my God. Look at this.
It’s just sitting there.
我的天啊 兄弟
Holy smokes, man.
看到它们一次又一次地这样做
To see them doing this
over and over and over
并击中靶心目标
and hitting these bull’s-eye targets,
这绝对是对工程技术的证明
it’s just an absolute testament
to the… the engineering involved.
埃隆和太空探索技术公♥司♥
彻底改变了我们的行业
Elon and SpaceX
changed our industry completely.
因为所有东西都是可重复使用的
Because everything is reusable,
他们现在可以
以我们十分之一的成本发射
they can now launch for a tenth
of the cost that we had,
这节省了很多税款
which saves a lot of tax dollars.
（每公斤发射价格）
（美国宇航局）
（2020年）
（距离示范二号♥发射还有两周）
（将新冠肺炎检测带入您的社区）
（佛罗里达州 危机管理
州际紧急反应小组）
在冠状病毒大流行期间发射
Launching in the midst
of a coronavirus pandemic,
这是一个挑战
it’s been a challenge.
但我们要坚持挺过去
But we’re gonna persevere through this.
我们会把鲍勃和道格
安全送到国际空间站
We’re gonna get Bob and Doug
safely to the International Space Station.
因为这个再次从美国本土
发射宇航员的任务
Because this mission to once again launch
our astronauts from American soil,
这是关于希望的
it’s really about hope.
是关于抬起头说：“看 我们仍然可以
做一些了不起的事
It’s about looking up and saying,
“Look, we can still do amazing things,
即使我们受到了前所未有的挑战”
even when we’re being challenged in ways
that we’ve never been challenged before.”
鲍勃和道格将和他们的家人
一起进入隔离区
Bob and Doug are going into quarantine
with their families
为发射日做准备
in the lead-up to launch day.
这个隔离期
对任何发射来说都是正常的
This quarantine period
is normal for any launch.
不过我想他们不会有太大变化
Though I guess
not much will change for them
因为他们自三月以来
一直在进行某种形式的隔离
since they’ve been in some form
of quarantine since March.
我们进入了隔离期
We entered the quarantine period,
所以在我们从国际空间站返回之前
so it’s hands-off to the rest of the world
我们不会接触隔离区外的世界
until we get back
from the International Space Station.
-看起来如何？
-在我看来感觉不错
-How’s it look?
-Looks good to me.
我想我们在空间站上
不会有这个 对吧？
I’m guessing we’re not gonna have this
on Space Station, right?
你所了解和喜爱的一切都在下面
You know, everything