recoup
基本释义
[verb] regain (something lost or expended)
[动词] 重新获得(失去或耗费的东西)
深入解读
在小站(微信公众号:田间小站)上周推送的 小词详解 | coup 的留言区,有几个小伙伴都提到了 recoup ,今天就来专门说说这个单词。
学会了 coup 之后, recoup 也就很好记了,即可以拆成前缀 re- (回、向后)+ coup 构成。具体来说, 该词于17世纪20年代经古法语 recouper (减少、削减)进入英语,其中后者由前缀 re- (回、向后)+ 源自古法语 coup (一击)的 couper (切、割、砍、剪)构成。
进入英语之后, recoup 最初用作法律用语表示“扣除、扣留”应付款项的一部分,作为抵消或折扣,主要指被告对在诉讼中判给胜诉原告的部分索赔进行正当的扣减,比如:
- 你有资格扣除材料费及人工费的上涨部分。
You’re eligible to recoup rising costs of materials and labour.
这个概念到了17世纪60年代后开始引申表示“偿还、向……偿付”,常用搭配 recoup sb for sth ,即向某人偿还或偿付其花费或损失的钱,比如:
- 我见他非常暴躁,于是表示愿意为他偿付他应承担的一份费用。
I saw him very chafe and fret at every pore, so I offered to recoup him for his share of the expenses.
而到了19世纪60年代后, recoup 再进一步用来表示“补偿、弥补”花费、亏损等,尤指通过随后的利润收回成本,即挣得与花费相同的钱。这样, recoup 也可以用来泛指“重新获得、重新取回、恢复”财富、健康、水位等失去或耗费的东西,常意味着是以等同而非相同的形式,比如:
- 很多行将倒闭的保险公司正试图通过提高保费来弥补亏损。
Many moribund insurance companies are trying to recoup their losses by increasing premiums. - 在我看来真不可思议,他在一年之内挣回了相当于他投资总额的红利。
It’s a marvel to me that he recouped his investment within a year.
最后值得注意的是,虽然 coup 一词末尾的字母 p 不发音,但是 recoup 末尾的字母 p 却是发音的,请听下方的影视用例。
影视例句
Five percent of the net profits, after I recoup.
是净利润的百分之五,在我收回成本之后。
出自2019年上映的美国爱情剧情片《小妇人》(Little Women)。该片改编自路易莎·梅·奥尔科特(Louisa May Alcott)的同名小说。
外刊例句
- Most potential medicines either fail to reach the market, or fail thereafter to recoup the cost of developing them.
大部分潜在的新药要么无法进入市场,要么面市后连研发成本也收不回来。
——《经济学人》 - Mr. Ji, defending his work, says he has to recoup his legal fees, which he incurs when the companies he accuses of selling fakes fight back.
纪先生为自己的工作辩解说,如果被他指控售卖假货的公司进行反击,就会产生法律费用,他必须收回这些成本。
——《纽约时报》
详细用法
动词 “recoup” 的用法:
- Recoup losses – 弥补损失
- The company implemented cost-cutting measures to recoup its financial losses.(公司采取了削减成本的措施来弥补财务损失。)
- Recoup expenses – 收回费用
- The business traveler submitted the receipts to recoup his travel expenses.(商务旅行者提交了发票以收回他的差旅费用。)
- Recoup investment – 回收投资
- The real estate investor sold the property to recoup his initial investment.(房地产投资者出售了房产以回收他的初始投资。)
- Recoup costs – 重新收回成本
- The film studio hopes to recoup the production costs through box office sales.(电影制片厂希望通过票房销售收回制作成本。)
- Recoup funds – 恢复资金
- The charity organized a fundraising event to recoup funds for their projects.(慈善机构组织了一场筹款活动以恢复项目所需的资金。)
- Recoup revenue – 恢复收入
- The tourism industry is trying to recoup lost revenue due to the pandemic.(由于疫情,旅游业正努力恢复失去的收入。)
- Recoup a loan – 偿还贷款
- The business owner used the profits to recoup the bank loan.(企业主利用利润偿还银行贷款。)
- Recoup a debt – 偿还债务
- The debtor sold his assets to recoup his outstanding debts.(债务人出售了他的资产以偿还未清偿的债务。)
常见短语
与 “recoup” 相关的短语:
- Recoup losses – 弥补损失
- Recoup expenses – 收回费用
- Recoup investment – 回收投资
- Recoup costs – 重新收回成本
- Recoup funds – 恢复资金
- Recoup revenue – 恢复收入
- Recoup a loan – 偿还贷款
- Recoup a debt – 偿还债务
- Recoup a loss – 弥补亏损
- Recoup a payment – 收回付款
- Recoup a deposit – 退还押金
- Recoup a shortfall – 弥补不足
- Recoup a penalty – 弥补罚款
- Recoup a claim – 获取索赔款
- Recoup a settlement – 获得和解款项
- Recoup a dividend – 获得股息
- Recoup a bonus – 获得奖金
- Recoup a grant – 恢复拨款
- Recoup a rebate – 返还折扣
- Recoup a fee – 恢复费用
- Recoup a fine – 收回罚款
- Recoup a refund – 取回退款
- Recoup a surplus – 恢复盈余
- Recoup a shortfall – 弥补不足
- Recoup a settlement – 获得和解款项
- Recoup a dividend – 获得股息
- Recoup a bonus – 获得奖金
- Recoup a grant – 恢复拨款
- Recoup a rebate – 返还折扣
- Recoup a fee – 恢复费用
同近义词
regain: obtain possession or use of (something) again after losing it
recover: find or regain possession of (something stolen or lost)
retrieve: get or bring (something) back; regain possession of