偶成[1]
程颢
闲来无事不从容,
睡觉[2]东窗日已红。
万物静观[3]皆自得[4],
四时[5]佳兴[6]与人同。
道[7]通天地有形外,
思[8]入风云变态中。
富贵不淫贫贱乐,
男儿到此是豪雄[9]。
注释:
[1] 这是一首哲理诗,说明主客观的关系。孔子说过:“天何言哉!四时行焉!百物生焉!”这就是说,春夏秋冬四时运行,万物生长衰败消亡,都有客观规律,不以人的主观意志为转移。人只要顺应自然,就可以自得其乐。规律虽然无形,但有形的万物都要受规律支配;而无形的思想却可以像有形的风云一样变化万千。懂得这个道理,富贵不会使你得意忘形,贫穷也不会使你卑躬屈节,这才是一个真正的大丈夫。
[2] 睡觉:睡醒。
[3] 静观:仔细观察。
[4] 自得:自有心得。
[5] 四时:四季。
[6] 佳兴:美好的感受。
[7] 道:指包容万象的天地之“理”。
[8] 思:思想。
[9] 豪雄:英雄豪杰。
Written at Random
Cheng Hao
There’s nothing I do but with ease when I’m at leisure;
Awake, I find east window reddened in sunlight.
Nature contemplated calmly has its own pleasure;
I enjoy four seasons with all men in delight.
Law is formless but reigns over heaven and earth;
Thoughts assume various shapes and change like wind and cloud,
Wealth can’t seduce me; poverty won’t reduce mirth.
A man who attains this of his deeds may be proud.