次[1]北固山[2]下
王湾[3]
客路[4]青山外，
行舟绿水前。
潮平[5]两岸阔，
风正[6]一帆悬。
海日[7]生残夜[8]，
江春[9]入旧年。
乡书[10]何处达？
归雁[11]洛阳边。
注释：
[1] 次：停泊。
[2] 北固山：山名，在今江苏镇江，北临长江，地势险要。
[3] 王湾：公元712年进士。《千家诗》注说：“湾舟行江边，经于北固山下，因作诗曰：江行客路过于青山之下，江舟之行，则于绿水之前。春水未至，潮水平流，两岸之地多阔。西风正而舟帆高挂以催，顺流而东。天未明而放舟，夜已残而日出。地近海隅，日生最早也。时值新正，而立春则在去岁之末，是春色之早也。则吾离家已远，乡书将何所达乎？惟俟归鸿之便，传之于洛阳而已。”这是一首写景诗，几乎通篇对仗，最后转入乡思。译文全用内韵，希望能传达原诗风味。
[4] 客路：旅客通行的大路。
[5] 潮平：江水涨潮时与河岸相齐平。
[6] 风正：指顺风。
[7] 海日：江上初升的旭日。
[8] 残夜：夜即将过去，即黎明时分。
[9] 江春：江上的春天。
[10] 乡书：家信。
[11] 归雁：回归的鸿雁，此处指鸿雁传书。
Passing by the Northern Mountains
Wang Wan
My boat goes by green mountains high,
And passes through the river blue.
The water’s wide at the full tide;
A sail with ease hangs in soft breeze.
The sun brings light born of last night;
New spring invades old year which fades.
How can I send word to my friend?
Homing wild geese, fly westward please!
《次北固山下》是唐代诗人王湾的作品。此诗以准确精练的语言描写了冬末春初时作者在北固山下停泊时所见到青山绿水、潮平岸阔等壮丽之景，抒发了作者深深的思乡之情。开头以对偶句发端，写神驰故里的漂泊羁旅之情怀；次联写“潮平”“风正”的江上行船，情景恢弘阔大；三联写拂晓行船的情景，对仗隐含哲理，给人积极向上的艺术魅力；尾联见雁思亲，与首联呼应。全诗用笔自然，写景鲜明，情感真切，情景交融，风格壮美，极富韵致，历来广为传诵。
The poem “Passing by the Northern Mountains” is a work by Wang Wan, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. The poem describes in precise and refined language the magnificent scenery of green hills and green water, the flat tide and wide shore that the author saw when he was at anchor under Beigu Mountain in late winter and early spring, and expresses his deep homesickness. The second couplet is about a boat trip on the river with a flat tide and a strong wind, and the scene is magnificent and broad; the third couplet is about a boat trip at dawn, and the couplet implies philosophy, giving people a positive artistic charm; the last couplet is about geese The last couplet sees the geese, echoing the first one. The whole poem is natural, with distinctive scenes, real emotions, and a blend of scenes, and the style is magnificent and rich in rhyme, which has been widely recited.
