登兖州城楼[1]
杜甫
东郡[2]趋庭[3]日，
南楼[4]纵目[5]初。
浮云连海岱[6]，
平野入青徐[7]。
孤嶂[8]秦碑[9]在，
荒城鲁殿[10]余[11]。
从来多古意[12]，
临眺[13]独踌躇[14]。
注释：
[1] 这是一首写景抒情诗。第一联叙事，第二联写远景，第三联特写近景古迹，从空间转入时间，于是发思古之幽情，不胜今昔之感。
[2] 东郡：兖州的古称。
[3] 趋庭：古代指儿子去探望父亲。当时作者的父亲在兖州做官，故云。
[4] 南楼：兖州城楼名。
[5] 纵目：极目远望。
[6] 海岱：指渤海和泰山。
[7] 青徐：指青州和徐州。
[8] 孤嶂：高耸险峻的山峰，此处指泰山。
[9] 秦碑：泰山上秦代铭刻的石碑。
[10] 鲁殿：曲阜城内汉代建造的鲁灵光殿。
[11] 余：剩余，此处为独存之意。
[12] 古意：怀古的思绪。
[13] 临眺：登高眺望。
[14] 踌躇：犹豫不前，此处指沉思感慨。
On the Watchtower of Yanzhou
Du Fu
Paying to East Town homage high,
On south tower I stretch my eye.
Clouds float where seaside mountain ends;
Into two States the plain extends.
Like lonely peak Qin tablet towers;
In ruins lie Lu palace bowers.
These bring me back to ancient days.
I ponder at slanting sunrays.
《登兖州城楼》是唐代诗人杜甫早期创作的一首诗。此诗首联点出初次登楼；颔联写登楼纵目所见远景；颈联点兖州境内的古迹；尾联总结，承上两句抒发登临怀古之情。诗人从地理和历史的角度，分别进行观览与思考，从而表达出登楼临眺时触动的个人感受。全诗结构谨严，格律工稳，故前人多取以为式。
The poem “On the Watchtower of Yanzhou” is a poem written by Du Fu in the Tang Dynasty. The first couplet of the poem is about the first time the poet climbed the tower; the third couplet is about the view from the tower; the neck couplet is about the monuments in Yanzhou; and the last couplet concludes the poem by expressing his feelings of nostalgia for the past. The poet’s thoughts and reflections on the geography and history of the area are expressed in this poem. The structure of the poem is strict and the metre is stable, so it was often taken as a style by previous poets.
