（SAT GRE）
外刊例句
- Mr Geithner will not convince his most strident critics, but less obdurate readers will find his advice invaluable.
盖特纳无法说服最强硬的批评家，但不那么顽固的读者会发现他的建议是无价之宝。
——《经济学人》 - They seem to take the same obdurate stance as chided children.
他们的态度就好像挨了批评后不服气的孩子一样。
——《纽约时报》
基本释义
[adjective] extremely determined to act in a particular way and not to change despite what anyone else says
[形容词] 非常坚决地以特定的方式行事，不管别人怎么说都不改变
深入解读
obdurate源自拉丁语obduratus（变硬的），与durable等单词一样都发源于拉丁语词根durus（硬的）。obdurate主要表示“顽固地坚持（某些往往错误的做法）”，也可以用来形容人“冷酷无情的”。如果用于形容某种材料，obdurate表示的则是“坚硬的，牢固的”。值得注意的是，与obdurate相关的常用近义单词stubborn，既可以贬义指“顽固的，生性固执的”，也可以用于褒义指“坚定不移的，执意顽强的”。
名著用例
The past is obdurate. It doesn’t want to change.
历史非常顽固，它不想改变。
出自斯蒂芬·金于2011年所著的奇幻穿越小说《11/22/63》。该书获评为洛杉矶时报图书奖年度最佳悬疑惊悚小说及独立报年度最佳好书，其书名来自美国第35任总统约翰·肯尼迪遇刺日期1963年11月22日 。
常见短语
“obdurate” 通常用来表示固执的、顽固的或不愿屈服的。以下是与这个词相关的 50 个短语，附带中文解释：
- obdurate heart – 顽固的心
- obdurate resistance – 顽强的抵抗
- obdurate attitude – 固执的态度
- obdurate refusal – 坚决的拒绝
- obdurate stubbornness – 顽固的固执
- obdurate determination – 不屈不挠的决心
- obdurate stance – 坚定的立场
- obdurate mindset – 顽固的心态
- obdurate opposition – 坚决的反对
- obdurate behavior – 顽固的行为
- obdurate beliefs – 固执的信念
- obdurate resistance to change – 抵制变化的顽固
- obdurate refusal to compromise – 不愿妥协的坚决拒绝
- obdurate determination to succeed – 成功的坚定决心
- obdurate attitude toward criticism – 对批评的固执态度
- obdurate stance on a matter – 对某事的坚定立场
- obdurate mindset that resists advice – 抵制建议的顽固心态
- obdurate opposition to new ideas – 对新想法的坚决反对
- obdurate behavior in the face of challenges – 面对挑战的固执行为
- obdurate beliefs that hinder progress – 妨碍进步的固执信念
- obdurate refusal to accept help – 不愿接受帮助的坚决拒绝
- obdurate determination to prove oneself – 证明自己的坚定决心
- obdurate attitude toward compromise – 对妥协的固执态度
- obdurate stance against authority – 反对权威的坚定立场
- obdurate mindset that rejects suggestions – 拒绝建议的顽固心态
- obdurate opposition to social changes – 对社会变革的坚决反对
- obdurate behavior despite warnings – 尽管有警告也坚持的行为
- obdurate beliefs that limit possibilities – 限制可能性的固执信念
- obdurate refusal to adapt – 不愿适应的坚决拒绝
- obdurate determination to face challenges – 面对挑战的坚定决心
- obdurate attitude in the midst of criticism – 在批评中的固执态度
- obdurate stance on moral issues – 对道德问题的坚定立场
- obdurate mindset that ignores advice – 忽略建议的顽固心态
- obdurate opposition to innovation – 对创新的坚决反对
- obdurate behavior in defiance of authority – 公然反抗权威的行为
- obdurate beliefs that lead to isolation – 导致孤立的固执信念
- obdurate refusal to acknowledge mistakes – 不承认错误的坚决拒绝
- obdurate determination to achieve goals – 实现目标的坚定决心
- obdurate attitude toward compromise – 对妥协的不屈态度
- obdurate stance on controversial issues – 对有争议问题的坚定立场
- obdurate mindset that dismisses alternatives – 忽视替代方案的顽固心态
- obdurate opposition to progress – 对进步的坚决反对
- obdurate behavior despite warnings – 尽管有警告也坚持的行为
- obdurate beliefs that resist change – 抵制变化的固执信念
- obdurate refusal to compromise values – 不愿妥协价值观的坚决拒绝
- obdurate determination to overcome obstacles – 克服障碍的坚定决心
- obdurate attitude toward authority – 对权威的固执态度
- obdurate stance on environmental issues – 对环境问题的坚定立场
- obdurate mindset that rejects criticism – 拒绝批评的顽固心态
- obdurate opposition to societal norms – 对社会规范的坚决反对
同近义词
- stubborn: a stubborn person is determined to do what he or she wants and refuses to do anything else
- obstinate: unreasonably determined, especially to act in a particular way and not to change at all, despite what anyone else says
- headstrong: very determined to do what you want without listening to others
