latent
基本释义
[adjective] (of a quality or state) existing but not yet developed or manifest; hidden or concealed
[形容词] (指某种性质或状态)存在但尚未发展或显现的;隐藏或掩盖的
深入解读
Latent 是一个与熟词 patent (专利权、专利证书)只隔首字母不同、与 lament 只隔中间一个字母不同的单词,也与熟词 talent (天资、天赋)互为相同字母异序词(anagram)。
该词于15世纪中期由拉丁语 latentem (隐藏的、掩盖的、秘密的、未知的)进入英语后原指“隐藏的、秘密的”。等到了17世纪80年代后, latent 开始用在医学领域表示“潜伏的、隐性的”,即指某个疾病的通常症状尚未表现出来的,比如:
- 所有近期进口的货物都应被视为带有潜伏性传染病。
All recent imports should be treated as if they had a latent infection.
发展到现在, latent 主要泛指某种性质或状态“潜在的、潜伏的、不易察觉的”,强调实际存在但现在不可见、不明显、不活跃或没有症状,却能够在未来显现或发展,比如:
- 广告的意图是以公开的信息传达隐含之意。
Advertisements attempt to project a latent meaning behind an overt message. - 这些犟孩子们九死一生活了下来。他们蕴藏着极大的潜在天赋。
These restive children defied all the odds and survived. They have a huge reserve of latent talent.
值得注意的是,法律术语 latent ambiguity 所谓文件中的“潜在歧义”,实则是指文件的文字本意清楚,但由于执行时出现了新情况,从而产生歧义。
好书例句
Calm, gentle, passionless, as he appeared, there was yet, we fear, a quiet depth of malice, hitherto latent, but active now, in this unfortunate old man, which led him to imagine a more intimate revenge than any mortal had ever wreaked upon an enemy.
他虽然表面上平静、温和、不动感情,然而我们却担心,在这个不幸的老人心中至今仍深深埋藏着的恶毒,此时却要活跃起来,从而会引导他想象出超乎常人的更直接的向敌人复仇的手段。
出自美国浪漫主义作家纳撒尼尔·霍桑(Nathaniel Hawthorne)于1850年出版的长篇小说《红字》(The Scarlet Letter: A Romance)。
外刊例句
- White evangelicals are not latent Democrats hindered only by their disdain for abortion.
白人福音派基督徒并不是仅仅因为鄙视堕胎而受阻的潜在民主党支持者。
——《经济学人》 - But classism combines with latent and historic racism to create a particularly malicious brew.
但是阶级歧视与潜在的、历史悠久的种族主义结合起来,会酝酿出一种格外恶毒的东西。
——《纽约时报》
常见短语
latent 是一个形容词,表示潜在的、潜伏的或潜在存在的。它用来描述隐藏或未显现出来的特征、能力、状况或潜力。以下是关于 “latent” 的详细用法和一些短语:
用法示例:
- She has a latent talent for playing the piano, but she hasn’t fully developed it yet. (她潜在地有弹钢琴的天赋,但她还没有完全发展起来。)
- The virus can remain latent in the body for many years before showing any symptoms. (这种病毒可以在体内潜伏多年,不表现出任何症状。)
- The company discovered a latent demand for their product in the market. (公司发现市场上存在潜在需求对他们的产品。)
- The athlete’s injury put his career on latent hold as he focused on recovery. (运动员的伤势使他的职业暂时搁置,他专注于康复。)
- The painter’s latent talent emerged after years of practice and dedication. (画家多年的练习和奉献后,他的潜在才华显露出来。)
- The detective sensed a latent hostility between the two suspects. (侦探感觉到两个嫌疑犯之间存在潜在的敌意。)
- The writer had a latent desire to travel the world and experience different cultures. (作家内心潜在地渴望环游世界,体验不同的文化。)
- The conflict brought to the surface the latent tensions within the community. (这场冲突暴露出社区内部存在的潜在紧张关系。)
- The project aims to tap into the latent potential of the employees and enhance their skills. (该项目旨在挖掘员工的潜在潜力并提升他们的技能。)
- The artist’s work carries a latent symbolism that requires interpretation by the viewers. (艺术家的作品蕴含着潜在的象征意义,需要观众来解读。)
其他短语:
- Latent talent: 潜在的才华
- Latent ability: 潜在的能力
- Latent potential: 潜在的潜力
- Latent period: 潜伏期
- Latent heat: 潜热
- Latent function: 潜在功能
- Latent image: 潜像
- Latent content: 潜在内容
- Latent variable: 潜在变量
- Latent fingerprint: 潜在指纹
- Latent inhibition: 潜在抑制
- Latent period: 潜伏期
同近义词
dormant: (of an animal) having normal physical functions suspended or slowed down for a period of time; in or as if in a deep sleep
quiescent: in a state or period of inactivity or dormancy
potential: having or showing the capacity to become or develop into something in the future