哀江头
杜甫
少陵野老[1]吞声哭，春日潜行曲江曲[2]。
江头宫殿锁千门，细柳新蒲为谁绿。
忆昔霓旌[3]下南苑，苑中万物生颜色[4]。
昭阳殿里第一人[5]，同辇随君侍君侧。
辇前才人带弓箭，白马嚼啮[6]黄金勒[7]。
翻身向天仰射云，一笑正坠双飞翼。
明眸皓齿今何在？血污游魂归不得[8]。
清渭[9]东流剑阁[10]深，去住彼此无消息。
人生有情泪沾臆，江水江花岂终极！
黄昏胡骑尘满城，欲往城南望城北。
注释：
[1] 少陵野老：杜甫自称。
[2] 曲江：长安城南著名的风景区。
[3] 霓旌：皇帝的旌旗。
[4] 生颜色：焕发生机。
[5] 昭阳殿里第一人：指杨贵妃。
[6] 啮（niè）：咬。
[7] 勒：马衔的嚼口。
[8] 归不得：指马嵬坡兵变，杨贵妃被缢死。
[9] 清渭：渭水。
[10] 剑阁：大剑山。
Lament along the Winding River
Du Fu
Old and deprived, I swallow tears on a spring day;
Along Winding River in stealth I go my way.
All palace gates and doors are locked on river shore;
Willows and reeds are green for no one to adore.
I remember rainbow banners streamed at high tide
To Southern Park where everything was beautified.
The first lady of the Sunny Palace would ride
In the imperial chariot by the emperor’s side.
The horsewomen before her bore arrows and bow;
Their white steeds champed at golden bits on the front row.
One archer, leaning back, shot at cloud in the sky;
One arrow brought down two winged birds from on high.
Where are the first lady’s pearly teeth and eyes bright?
Her spirit, blood-stained, could not come back from the height.
Far from Sword Cliff, with River Wei her soul flew east;
The emperor got no news from her in the least.
A man who has a heart will wet his breast with tears.
Would riverside grass and flowers not weep for years?
At dusk the rebels’ horses overrun the town;
I want to go upward, but instead I go down.
The poet laments over the Winding River where the Bright Emperor made pleasure with his favorite Lady Yang who is dead, and where the rebels are running riot.
《哀江头》是唐代大诗人杜甫的诗作。此诗前半首回忆唐玄宗与杨贵妃游幸曲江的盛事，后半首感伤贵妃之死和玄宗出逃，哀叹曲江的昔盛今衰，描绘了长安在遭到安史叛军洗劫后的萧条冷落景象，表达了诗人真诚的爱国情怀，及对国破家亡的深哀巨恸之情。全诗层次清晰，结构严整，首尾照应，艺术构思缜密，语言形象精练，给人以身临其境之感。
The poem “Lament along the Winding River” is a poem by Du Fu, a great poet of the Tang Dynasty. The first half of the poem recalls the great event of Emperor Xuanzong and Yang Guifei’s visit to Qujiang River, while the second half laments the death of Guifei and the flight of Emperor Xuanzong, depicting the depression and desolation of Chang’an after it was sacked by the An-shi rebels, and expressing the poet’s sincere patriotic feelings and his deep sorrow for the destruction of his country and family. The poem is clearly layered, well-structured, with the first and last lines corresponding to each other, and the artistic conception is meticulous.
