哈利·波特：一段魔法史

书名是拉丁语
It’s called De Lamiis Et Phythonicis Mulieribus,
粗略地翻译过来就是《女巫和女占卜师》
which roughly translate as “Of Witches and Soothsayers”.
这是第一本
This is the first time
用印刷图画直观地描述女巫的书籍
that you get a printed visual representation of witches.
本书于1489年出版
And it was published in 1489,
作者是乌尔里奇·莫利托
written by a man called Ulrich Molitor.
在书里 莫利托写道
In the book, Molitor claims that
女巫没有人们想象中那么强大
witches were not as powerful as people thought,
但他的插画家显然没有阅读书中的文字
but his illustrator clearly didn’t read his text.
因为插图的内容和文字描述大相径庭
Because the drawings tell a different story.
这里你可以看到两个年迈的女人
So here you have two women, they’re old,
她们面容憔悴 相貌凶恶
they’re haggard and they’re evil-looking.
散发着危险的气息 而且法力高♥强♥
They’re dangerous and they’re powerful.
从图画可以看出她们能够施展危险的天气魔法
It shows them as able to create dangerous weather magic,
用坩埚制♥造♥冰雹
hailstorms, using cauldrons.
这是最早记载女巫使用坩埚的印刷图画
This is the earliest printed image of witches using a cauldron.
这本书出了四十九个不同的版本
The book was published in 49 different editions
一个世纪以后还在出版
and was still in print a century later.
全文是用拉丁文写成的
The whole text is written in Latin,
所以一般人都看不懂
which wouldn’t really be that accessible to your average person
即使他们识字
and even if they could read.
但是每个人都能看懂图画
But the images are something that everyone can read
这就是这本书的强大之处
that is where the power of this book comes in,
书里的图画使得女巫的形象深入人心
and it cemented the iconography of how we understand witches to look.
在大西洋边缘的北康沃尔海岸上
At the edge of the Atlantic on the North Cornwall coast,
博斯卡斯尔是那片土地上最神秘的地方之一
Boscastle is one of the most magical places in the land.
《博斯卡斯尔的女巫》
当地甚至有魔法博物馆
It even has its own museum of witchcraft.
这把扫帚是奥尔加·亨特的 她来自马纳顿
So this broomstick belonged to Olga Hunt of Manaton.
以前在月圆之夜的时候
She used to, on the night of the full moon,
乔伊·弗鲁姆
魔法博物馆策展人
她会来到达特穆尔高原 来到海托尔的岩石上
scamper and leap about on this broomstick
骑上扫帚上蹿下跳
on the rocks of Haytor, on Dartmoor.
奥尔加·亨特的扫帚将与别的工艺品
Olga Hunt’s broomstick is one of the artefacts
一同展出
that will feature in the show.
各位女巫 请把扫帚停靠于此
大英图书馆翻遍了整个博物馆
The British Library has been
想找出符合主题的物件
scouring the museum for other objects that might fit.
共三千件物品可供选择
There are 3,000 to choose from.
这个坩埚背后有一个很不寻常的故事
This cauldron has a very unusual story attached to it
这个坩埚爆开了
because it exploded,
很像《哈利·波特》里面的那个
much like the one in the stories of Harry Potter.
这个很有趣
Ooh, this is interesting!
涂了焦油的头骨
The tarred head.
我是非常相信魔法的
I most definitely believe in magic.
西蒙·科斯廷
魔法博物馆馆长
一定要说为什么吗
Do I have to justify that?
该博物馆的魔法工艺品收藏量
The museum owns one of the largest collections
位于世界前列
of witchcraft artefacts in the world.
这是一具风干了的猫尸
So this is a dried cat.
通常出现在古老的建筑中
They’re often found in old buildings
人们将其用作驱鼠驱虫的保护符
and they were used as a protection charm to ward off infestation.
你可能会觉得活的猫更能驱鼠驱虫
You’d think that a live cat would do a better job of it,
但以前的人的确是这么干的
but here we are.
这里还有很多民间的咒语
There’s a number of folk charms here.
这是非常恶毒的蟾蜍咒语
And this is rather nasty toad curse.
魔法实际上是
Witchcraft is essentially
是普通人使用的民间巫术
the folk magic that was practised by ordinary people.
好女巫所做的事通常是
The kind of things that the good witches did
日常生活中解决问题的办法
tended to be day-to-day solutions.
有人遇到了难题 来找你
Somebody comes to you, they’ve got a problem,
你说个咒语
you say a charm,
开个草药 就解决了那个人的难题
you get a herb and you solve that person’s problem.
有个特别可爱的爱情魔咒
There’s a particularly lovely love charm
会在展览中出现
that will be featured in the exhibition.
它被移走了
Oh, it’s moved!
不好意思 它在哪儿
Sorry. Where’s it…?
之前是放在这里面的 是有人…
The charm was in there. Has some…?
哪去了
Where is it?
这个爱情魔咒以及其他出借给大英图书馆的物品
This love charm and the items going on loan to the British Library,
都能在《哈利·波特》系列中找到相应描述
all have counterparts in Harry Potter.
但这些是麻瓜世界里真正的女巫所使用的
But these were used by real witches in the muggle world.
它被刻在牡蛎壳上
It’s inscribed on an oyster shell,
牡蛎 或者说任何贝壳 都被视为生育的象征
oysters were – any shell, really – seen as symbols of fertility.
这里有两个连体的心形
And then there are two conjoined hearts
在顶部和底部还有女性和男性的符号♥
and the symbol for the female and the male top and bottom.
它们中的一些会被
So one or other of them would have commissioned the charm
狡猾的男人或女人用于施咒
from a cunning man or a cunning woman.
魔法在某种程度上是一种精神信仰系统
Magic, in some ways, it’s a spiritual belief system
因为它依赖于一种观念
because it does depend on this idea
就是所有生命之间都有联♥系♥
that there is a connection between all life
所有生命都是神圣的
and that all life is sacred
而魔法就是一种
and that magic is
从我们身边的自然世界中
a way of drawing on this creative energy
吸取这种创造性能量的方式
that is in the natural world all around us.
在这里有一些我们选藏的魔杖
And here we’ve got a selection of wands.
其中一支会被展出
One of which is going to feature in the exhibition.
魔杖是精巧的工具
Now, wands are subtle tools.
它们被用来引导能量
They’re used to direct energy,
也可以用来创造魔法空间
but they’re also used for creating a magical space.
这里有非常黑暗的例子
We have an example here of a very dark use… of the practice,
也就是冲击之杖
which is a blasting rod.
冲击之杖基本上就是用来炸掉别人的
And blasting rods are basically used to blast people
把负能量作用在他们身上
and to direct negative energy at them
以达到某种形式的诅咒
for a curse of some form.
我可以想像 它可以轻易地取人性命
Oh, it could kill somebody very easily, I should imagine,
所以 魔杖要被正确的人正确地使用
so… Used by the right person in the right way.
所以它通常被保存在玻璃后面
So it’s kept behind glass normally.
每个霍格沃兹的学生都要有自己的魔杖
Every Hogwarts pupil needs their very own magic wand.
没有哪两根魔杖是一模一样的
But no two wands are the same.
“您把魔杖说得好像它们有感情一样” 哈利说
“You talk about wands like they’ve got feelings,” Said Harry.
《哈利·波特与死圣》 2007年出版
“好像它们可以思考”
“Like they can think for themselves.”
“魔杖选择巫师” 奥利凡德说
“The wand chooses the wizard,” Said Ollivander.
“我们研究魔杖学问的人
“That much has always been clear
都很清楚这一点”
to those of us who have studied wandlore.”
魔杖是施咒必不可少的一部分
Wands are an essential part of casting a spell
每个人都有自己的最爱
and everyone has their favourite.
除你武器
Expelliarmus!
管用了吗
Did that work?
要是在麻瓜世界中也能用的话
If we could only use them in the muggle world,
那它们是非常有用的
they’d come in very handy.
我曾对班上的TJ施咒语 好让他喜欢我
I was casting this spell to make TJ in my class like me.
不 别对小T施咒语
Oh, not on Telly!
一忘皆空
Obliviate!
但为了使魔咒有效
But for the spell to work,
你得正确地扭动手腕
you need exactly the right flick or twist of the wrist.
石墩出动
Piertotum locomotor!
我没找到任何关于魔杖的资料
I couldn’t find anything on wands,
所以我就全自己编了
so I just made it all up.
那都是我编的 我非常享受那个过程
That was all me and I had so much fun and
我甚至能准确记得那时的场景
actually I do remember exactly where I was.
我就坐在一棵树下
I literally was sitting under a tree
那是一个温暖的夏日 在一片开旷的土地上
out in the open on a very warm summer’s day
我写出了那一章
when I wrote that chapter,
《魔法石》里魔杖商店那章
the wand shop in the Philosopher’s Stone.
我就坐在那里 编出了那些属性
And I just sat there and made up all these properties
还有那些前因后果
and the cause and, yeah,
我非常享受那个过程
I really enjoyed that.
所以恐怕我不知道任何…
So, yeah, no, I’m afraid I don’t know anything about…
我不知道其他任何人对魔杖的描述
I don’t know what anyone else has said about wands.
全都是我编的