extort
基本释义
[verb] obtain (something) by force, threats, or other unfair means
[动词] 通过武力、威胁或其他不公平手段获得（某物）
深入解读
Extort 是一个与小站（微信公众号：田间小站）之前推送过的 retort 结尾相同的单词，两者同词根 tort （扭曲）。
其中， extort 由前缀 ex- （出）+ 词根 tort 构成，源自拉丁语 extorquere （强行获得，字面意思“猛扭出来”），15世纪20年代进入英语后即用来表示“敲诈、勒索”或“强夺、逼取”，多指通过武力、威胁或其他不公平或非法的手段从不情愿或抗拒的人那里获得某物，常用搭配 extort sth from sb ，比如：
- 许多参与了监管体系改革的官员向他勒索了贿赂。
Many officials involved in the regulatory revamp extorted bribes from him. - 他向那个脾气暴躁的老太太勒索钱财长达数年之久。这是他人生中相当臭名昭著的一段经历。
He had been extorting money from the grumpy old lady for years. It was a rather notorious episode of his life.
好书例句
It was some time, however, before a smile could be extorted from Jane.
过了好一会儿，吉英脸上才勉强露出笑容。
出自19世纪英国小说家简·奥斯丁（Jane Austen）的代表作《傲慢与偏见》（Pride and Prejudice）。
外刊例句
- Or is he bluffing, to extort concessions from his neighbour and the West?
还是说他是在虚张声势，以向邻国和西方诈取让步？
——《经济学人》 - Apparently she’s unacquainted with Donald Jr., Ivanka, Eric and Jared, and she somehow missed that sordid chapter of Trump’s presidency in which he tried to extort the president of Ukraine and was rightly impeached for it.
显然她不熟悉小唐纳德、伊万卡和贾里德，她也不知何故漏掉了特朗普总统任内那段肮脏的篇章，他在其间试图勒索乌克兰总统，并因此遭到正当的弹劾。
——《纽约时报》
详细用法
extort 是一个动词，意为勒索、敲诈。它表示以威胁、暴力或其他非法手段强迫他人交出财物或达成某种要求。下面是关于 extort 的一些短语，附带中文解释：
- Extort money: 勒索钱财
- The criminals extorted money from the business owner by threatening to harm his family.（罪犯威胁要伤害他的家人，从企业主那里勒索钱财。）
- The corrupt official was caught extorting money from local businesses in exchange for protection.（那名腐败的官员被发现勒索当地企业以换取保护。）
- Extort a confession: 强迫供认
- The police were accused of using torture to extort confessions from the suspects.（警方被指控使用酷刑逼迫嫌疑人供认。）
- The innocent man was wrongly convicted based on an extorted confession.（那个无辜的人因为被逼供而被错误判罪。）
- Extort compliance: 强迫顺从
- The dictator used fear and intimidation to extort compliance from the citizens.（独裁者利用恐惧和恐吓来强迫公民顺从。）
- The mafia boss extorted compliance from local businesses by threatening to vandalize their properties.（黑手党老大以破坏他们的财产为威胁，强迫当地企业顺从。）
- Extort secrets: 勒索机密
- The spy attempted to extort military secrets from the enemy agent.（间谍试图从敌方特工那里勒索军事机密。）
- The hacker threatened to extort sensitive information from the company’s database.（黑客威胁要从公司的数据库中勒索敏感信息。）
- Extort favors: 敲诈好处
- The corrupt politician was known for extorting favors from wealthy businessmen in exchange for political influence.（那个腐败的政客以敲诈富有的商人以换取政治影响力而出名。）
- The gangster extorted favors from the local community by offering protection from rival gangs.（黑帮分子以提供对抗敌对团伙的保护来敲诈社区的好处。）
以上是关于 extort 的一些常见短语，描述了勒索、敲诈以及使用威胁和非法手段强迫他人交出财物或达成某种要求的情境。请注意，这些用法都是负面的，表示非法和不道德的行为。
同近义词
wring: obtain (something) with difficulty or effort
blackmail: demand money or another benefit from (someone) in return for not revealing compromising or damaging information about them.
coerce: persuade (an unwilling person) to do something by using force or threats
