SAT TEM8
外刊例句
- A contract to build a bypass was signed in 2005, but governments have failed to expropriate the necessary land.
2005年政府曾签下工程合同，在此修建绕道公路，却未能成功征地。
——《经济学人》 - If the two sides cannot agree, the commission could resort to eminent domain, which allows the state to expropriate private property for public use.
若双方不能达成一致，该委员会可能会诉诸于国家征用权。后者允许政府征收私人地产用于公共用途。
——《纽约时报》
基本释义
[verb] (especially of the state) take away (property) from its owner
[动词] （尤指国家）从所有者手中拿走（财产）
深入解读
Expropriate 一词17世纪初逆构自名词 expropriation （15世纪中期指“舍弃世俗之物”），原指“放弃对……的专属财产的权利”，现主要表示“征用、没收”，多指政府或权力机构等无偿征用、没收私有土地、财产等用于公共用途，与 confiscate 用于惩罚目的的“充公”不同，比如：
- 洪水期间当地政府征用了所有的卡车和拖拉机。
The local government expropriated all the trucks and tractors during the flood.
无偿征用对于被充公者而言，也就意味着“剥夺了……的所有权”，比如：
- 剥夺土地所有者的产业
expropriate the landowners from their estates
之前小站在熟词僻义栏目中介绍过 appropriate 一词除了作形容词指“合适的、恰当的”以外，还可以作动词表示“盗用、挪用、占用、侵吞”。而 expropriate 也有一个类似的含义，即“侵占（他人财产）”，这种财产既可以是土地等有形的财产，也可以是创意等无形的财产，比如：
- 剽窃（plagiarism）他人的主意来写文章
expropriate sb’s ideas for one’s own article
另外上面说的名词 expropriation 发展到现在含义也随之演变为“征收、征用、没收”，比如下面权威用例就有用到。
权威用例
Property and assets of the Bank, wheresoever located and by whomsoever held, shall be immune from search, requisition, confiscation, expropriation or any other form of taking or foreclosure by executive or legislative action.
银行的财产和资产，不论在何地和由何人所持有，均应免于任何行政或司法的搜查、征用、充公、没收或任何其他形式的占用或禁止赎回。
出自《亚洲基础设施投资银行协定》（The Articles of Agreement of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank）。
常见短语
“expropriate” 通常用来表示征用、没收等意思。以下是与这个词相关的 50 个短语，附带中文解释：
- expropriate land – 征用土地
- expropriate property – 征用财产
- expropriate assets – 没收资产
- expropriate resources – 征用资源
- expropriate buildings – 征用建筑物
- expropriate land for development – 为开发征用土地
- expropriate private businesses – 征用私营企业
- expropriate farmland – 征用农田
- expropriate real estate – 征用房地产
- expropriate foreign investments – 征用外国投资
- expropriate natural reserves – 征用自然保护区
- expropriate public spaces – 征用公共空间
- expropriate for public use – 征用以供公众使用
- expropriate without compensation – 无偿征用
- expropriate private land – 征用私人土地
- expropriate abandoned properties – 征用废弃物业
- expropriate urban areas – 征用城市区域
- expropriate for infrastructure projects – 为基础设施项目征用
- expropriate under eminent domain – 依法征用
- expropriate for industrial purposes – 为工业目的征用
- expropriate farmland for urban expansion – 为城市扩张征用农田
- expropriate coastal areas – 征用沿海地区
- expropriate privately owned utilities – 征用私人拥有的公用事业
- expropriate for conservation efforts – 为保护努力征用
- expropriate cultural heritage sites – 征用文化遗产地点
- expropriate historical landmarks – 征用历史地标
- expropriate agricultural land – 征用农业用地
- expropriate housing complexes – 征用住宅区
- expropriate coastal properties – 征用沿海地产
- expropriate for public projects – 征用以供公共项目使用
- expropriate under legal authority – 在法律授权下征用
- expropriate for redevelopment – 征用以进行再开发
- expropriate land for transportation projects – 为交通项目征用土地
- expropriate cultural sites – 征用文化遗址
- expropriate historical buildings – 征用历史建筑
- expropriate for urban renewal – 为城市更新征用
- expropriate for environmental conservation – 为环保征用
- expropriate for public safety measures – 为公共安全措施征用
- expropriate private residences – 征用私人住宅
- expropriate for educational facilities – 征用以供教育设施使用
- expropriate farmland for industrial purposes – 为工业目的征用农田
- expropriate land for housing development – 征用土地进行住宅开发
- expropriate for road construction – 征用进行道路建设
- expropriate commercial properties – 征用商业地产
- expropriate for public infrastructure – 征用以供公共基础设施使用
- expropriate land for energy projects – 为能源项目征用土地
- expropriate heritage sites – 征用遗址
- expropriate land for recreational facilities – 征用土地进行休闲设施建设
- expropriate for urban planning – 为城市规划征用
- expropriate for community development – 为社区发展征用
同近义词
- appropriate: take (something) for one’s own use, typically without the owner’s permission
- confiscate: to officially take sth away from sb, especially as a punishment
- requisition: demand the use or supply of, especially by official order and for military or public use
