赠李白
秋来相顾尚飘蓬[1]，
未就[2]丹砂[3]愧葛洪。
痛饮狂歌空度日，
飞扬跋扈[4]为谁雄？
《赠李白》是现存杜诗中最早的一首绝句，大约作于公元745年李白45岁、杜甫33岁的时候，所以第一句的“秋来”，既指时间上是秋天，又指李白到了一生中的秋季；“相顾”是说两人都是怀才不遇，同病相怜，所以都像蓬草一样，四处飘零。第二句写诗人不能入世，一展鸿图，只好出世求仙学道，但是冶炼丹砂也无成效，不能像东晋的葛洪一样，炼成丹药升天而去。于是只好痛快地饮酒，狂热地吟诗，几乎是虚度了光阴。什么时候才能像大鹏鸟一样飞腾到九天之上，或者像鲲鱼一样跃起尾巴，翻江倒海，称雄天下呢？这首诗短短四句，写出了两人相知相交的深情厚谊，也写出了诗人放荡不羁、一生寂寞的悲剧。
注释：
[1]飘蓬：比喻人的行踪飘忽不定。
[2]未就：没有成功。
[3]丹砂：朱砂。
[4]飞扬跋扈（hù）：不守常规，放浪不羁。此处作褒义词用。
To Li Bai
When autumn comes, you’re drifting still like thistledown;
You try to find the way to heaven, but you fail.
In singing mad and drinking dead your days you drown.
O when will fly the roc? O when will leap the whale?
《赠李白》是唐代诗人杜甫创作的七言绝句。此诗大约写于天宝四载（745）杜甫游齐赵时，此时李白遭奸佞排斥，远离京都，漫游齐鲁，与杜甫幸会于山东。诗中慨叹二人漂泊不定，学道无成。“痛饮”二句，既是对好友的规劝，也含有自警之意，语重心长，可见二人友谊之诚挚。全诗沉郁顿挫，跌宕起伏，言简意丰，韵味无穷。
The poem ” To Li Bai” is a seven-line poem written by Du Fu, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. The poem was written around the fourth year of Tianbao (745) when Du Fu traveled to Qi and Zhao, when Li Bai was rejected by the sycophants and was away from Kyoto, wandering in Qi and Lu, and had the good fortune to meet with Du Fu in Shandong. The poem laments their wandering and unsuccessful studies. The two lines of the poem, “Drinking hard”, are not only an exhortation to his friend, but also a self-caution, which is a serious point of view and shows the sincerity of their friendship. The poem is full of melancholy, ups and downs, simple words and rich meanings, and endless rhymes.
