小寒食[1]舟中作
佳辰强饮食犹寒，
隐几萧条戴鹖冠。
春水船如天上坐，
老年花似雾中看。
娟娟戏蝶过闲幔，
片片轻鸥下急湍。
云白山青万余里，
愁看直北[2]是长安。
公元770年寒食节后一天，杜甫在潭州（今长沙）淹留，写了这首《小寒食舟中作》。从寒食到清明三天禁火，诗人只能吃点冷食，勉强喝了点酒。他戴着隐士帽，百无聊赖地在舟中靠茶几坐着。看见春来水涨，江流浩漫，小舟漂荡起伏，犹如身在天上云间；老眼昏花，岸边花草看来如隔薄雾。舟中布幔闲卷，蝴蝶翩跹穿空而过；片片白鸥，轻快地逐流飞翔。作者思绪随着万里不断的云山远去，想到万方多难的长安，不禁忧愁涌上心头。这是杜甫在逝世前半年所作的一首情景交融的七言律诗。
注释：
[1]小寒食：指清明节的前一天。
[2]直北：正北方。
Boating after Cold Food Day
I try to drink, but food’s still cold on festive day;
In hermit’s cap, at table, drear and bleak I stay.
My boat is drifting on above a mirrored sky,
The flowers look veiled in mist to wrinkled eye.
The listless curtains see butterflies dancing past;
Over the rapids gulls on gulls are skimming fast.
For miles and miles outspread cloud on cloud, hill on hill,
But the imperial town lies farther northward still.
《小寒食舟中作》是唐代诗人杜甫于大历五年（770年）漂泊潭州（今长沙）时所创作的一首七律。此诗表现了诗人暮年落泊江湖而依然深切关怀唐王朝安危的思想感情。首联概括了作者的身世遭遇，颔联十分传神地写出了诗人舟中的所见所感，颈联写舟中江上的景物，尾联总收全诗的思想感情。全诗语言自然凝炼，风格苍茫沉郁。
The poem “Boating after Cold Food Day” is a seven-rhyme poem composed by the Tang poet Du Fu in the fifth year of the Dali period (770) when he was wandering in Tanzhou (present-day Changsha). The poem expresses the poet’s deep concern for the safety and security of the Tang dynasty even though he was in his twilight years in the rivers and lakes. The first couplet summarizes the author’s life story, the first couplet describes what the poet saw and felt in the boat, the neck couplet describes the scenery on the river in the boat, and the last couplet summarizes the poem’s thoughts and feelings. The language of the poem is natural and refined, and the style is pale and melancholy.
