attain
基本释义
[verb] succeed in achieving (something that one desires and has worked for)
[动词] 成功地实现（某人渴望并为之努力的事情）
深入解读
Attain 是一个与熟词 obtain （获得、赢得）既同词根又含义容易混淆的单词。其中， attain 一词由前缀 at- （加强）+ 词根 tain, ten, tin （拿住）构成，14世纪出现在英语中后即用来表示“达到、获得”，侧重指在抱负或雄心的激励下，经过大量努力实现一般所不及或不敢追求的目的，或者说超出大多数人视野、范围或能力的目的，比如：
- 跟你说实话，杰克就快要拿到飞行员执照了。
To be candid with you, Jack is halfway to attaining his pilot’s licence. - 在我看来真不可思议，他在音乐考试中得了最高分。
It’s a marvel to me that he has attained the highest grade in his music exams.
在这个概念下， attain 还常作正式用语表示“到达、进入、实现”某个特定的年龄、大小、数量、水平、状态、情况等，既包括努力实现而来，也可以指自然发展而来，比如：
- 海豚在水中可以到达人类无法企及的速度。
Dolphins can attain speeds in water which man cannot yet emulate.
权威用例
我们要常怀远虑、居安思危，保持战略定力和耐心，“致广大而尽精微”。
We must always keep a long-term perspective, remain mindful of potential risks, maintain strategic focus and determination, and “attain to the broad and great while addressing the delicate and minute”.
出自习主席2022年新年贺词。
不敢腐的目标初步实现，不能腐的笼子越扎越牢，不想腐的堤坝正在构筑，反腐败斗争压倒性态势已经形成并巩固发展。
The goal of creating a deterrent against corruption has been initially attained; the cage of institutions that prevents corruption has been strengthened; and moral defenses against corruption are in the making.
出自十九大报告《决胜全面建成小康社会 夺取新时代中国特色社会主义伟大胜利》（Secure a Decisive Victory in Building a Moderately Prosperous Society in All Respects and Strive for the Great Success of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era）。
外刊例句
- Shortly thereafter it said it would provide customers with 12.3m barrels a day (b/d) in April, about 25% more than it supplied last month—and a level it has never before attained.
此后不久，沙特表示将在4月为客户供应每日1230万桶原油，比2月时增加约25％，是它从未达到过的产量水平。
——《经济学人》 - Galloping quarter horses top out around 47 miles per hour, while sluggish humans, in the person of the world record 100-meter sprinter Usain Bolt, have attained a top speed of less than 28 miles per hour.
疾速奔跑的夸特马速度最高可达每小时47英里左右，而行动迟缓的人类，即便是创造了世界100米纪录的短跑运动员尤塞恩·博尔特，最快的速度也还不到每小时28英里。
——《纽约时报》
详细用法
动词 “attain” 的用法：
- Attain a goal – 达到目标
- She worked hard to attain her goal of becoming a doctor.（她努力工作，实现了成为医生的目标。）
- Attain success – 取得成功
- He studied diligently to attain success in his career.（他勤奋学习，取得了职业上的成功。）
- Attain a level – 达到水平
- He has attained a high level of proficiency in playing the piano.（他在钢琴演奏方面达到了很高的水平。）
- Attain a degree – 获得学位
- She studied hard for many years to attain her master’s degree.（她努力学习了多年，获得了硕士学位。）
- Attain a position – 获得职位
- After years of hard work, she attained a managerial position in the company.（经过多年的努力，她在公司获得了一个管理职位。）
- Attain knowledge – 获得知识
- Reading books is a great way to attain knowledge and expand your understanding.（阅读书籍是获取知识和拓宽理解的好方法。）
- Attain a milestone – 达到里程碑
- The company celebrated its 50th anniversary, a significant milestone they had attained.（公司庆祝了其成立50周年，这是他们取得的一个重要里程碑。）
- Attain enlightenment – 获得启迪
- Some people meditate to attain spiritual enlightenment.（一些人通过冥想来获得精神启迪。）
- Attain a level of expertise – 达到专业水平
- With years of practice, he has attained a high level of expertise in photography.（经过多年的实践，他在摄影方面达到了高水平的专业技能。）
- Attain happiness – 获得幸福
- Money alone cannot guarantee happiness; true happiness is attained through meaningful relationships and personal fulfillment.（光靠金钱无法保证幸福；真正的幸福是通过有意义的关系和个人成就来获得的。）
常见短语
与 “attain” 相关的短语：
- Attain a goal – 达到目标
- Attain success – 取得成功
- Attain a high level – 达到高水平
- Attain a degree – 获得学位
- Attain a position – 获得职位
- Attain knowledge – 获得知识
- Attain a milestone – 达到里程碑
- Attain financial independence – 实现财务独立
- Attain personal growth – 实现个人成长
- Attain professional development – 实现职业发展
- Attain a state of happiness – 达到幸福状态
- Attain mastery – 达到精通
- Attain a level of expertise – 达到专业水平
- Attain a healthy lifestyle – 实现健康生活方式
- Attain inner peace – 获得内心的平静
- Attain financial stability – 实现财务稳定
- Attain a state of balance – 达到平衡状态
- Attain self-confidence – 获得自信
- Attain spiritual enlightenment – 达到精神启迪
- Attain a level of proficiency – 达到熟练程度
- Attain a level of excellence – 达到卓越水平
- Attain self-awareness – 获得自我意识
- Attain a competitive advantage – 获得竞争优势
- Attain a state of harmony – 达到和谐状态
- Attain a sense of fulfillment – 获得满足感
- Attain a high level of performance – 达到高水平的表现
- Attain a healthy weight – 达到健康体重
- Attain academic excellence – 取得学业优秀
- Attain a state of relaxation – 达到放松状态
- Attain personal happiness – 实现个人幸福
同近义词
gain: obtain or secure (something desired, favorable, or profitable)
compass: contrive to accomplish (something)
procure: obtain (something), especially with care or effort
