retaliate
基本释义
[verb] make an attack or assault in return for a similar attack
[动词] 以类似的攻击或袭击发起反击
深入解读
Retaliate 一词于17世纪10年代由拉丁语 retaliare （以同样的方式回敬）的过去分词 retaliatus 进入英语，原指出于善良、礼貌而“回报、回敬、报答”。
不过到了17世纪30年代后， retaliate 开始用在伤害、虐待等方面并发展出现在的主要含义指“报复、反击、复仇”，主要指以刚好相似的方式对来自他人的伤害进行报复性反击，比如：
- 那个手巧的男孩打了他妹妹，妹妹则回敬了他一脚。
The ingenious boy hit his sister, who retaliated by kicking him. - 示威者挤满了街道，并向警察投掷石块，警察则还以颜色，向人群发射空弹。
The demonstrators crammed the streets and threw rocks at the police, who retaliated by firing blanks into the crowd.
好书例句
Harry felt the familiar boiling sensation in the pit of his stomach. Biting his tongue to prevent himself retaliating, he sat down in front of the boxes and pulled one toward him.
哈利又感到怒火中烧，他咬着牙不让自己反击，在文件盒前面坐了下来，把一个盒子拖到面前。
出自英国作家J·K·罗琳的奇幻小说《哈利·波特》系列的第六本《哈利·波特与混血王子》（Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince）。
外刊例句
- If these appeals fail, the EU has been most vocal in vowing to retaliate, in turn prompting Mr Trump to threaten levies on European cars.
欧盟立场最鲜明，明言如果申请豁免失败，必将采取报复措施，这反过来又促使特朗普威胁对欧洲汽车征税。
——《经济学人》 - America’s trading partners have room to retaliate.
美国的贸易伙伴们有反击的余地。
——《纽约时报》
常见短语
Retaliate – 报复，反击
以下是关于”retaliate”的一些常见短语及其中文解释：
- Retaliate against – 对…进行报复
- The country vowed to retaliate against any acts of aggression from its neighboring countries. (该国发誓对邻国的任何侵略行为进行报复。)
- Retaliate with – 以…进行报复
- The company decided to retaliate with a price cut to regain market share. (该公司决定通过降价来报复，以恢复市场份额。)
- Retaliate for – 因…进行报复
- He retaliated for the insult by spreading rumors about his coworker. (他因受到侮辱而通过传播谣言对同事进行报复。)
- Retaliate in kind – 以其人之道还治其人之身
- When provoked, she always retaliates in kind, refusing to be taken advantage of. (当受到挑衅时，她总是以其人之道还治其人之身，拒绝被人利用。)
- Retaliate swiftly – 迅速做出反击
- The military was prepared to retaliate swiftly in response to any aggression from the enemy. (军方准备迅速对敌人的任何侵略行为做出反击。)
- Retaliate violently – 采取暴力行动进行报复
- The gang retaliated violently after their leader was attacked, causing chaos in the neighborhood. (在他们的首领受到袭击后，黑帮采取了暴力行动进行报复，导致了社区的混乱。)
- Retaliate in self-defense – 自卫反击
- The victim had to retaliate in self-defense to protect themselves from further harm. (受害者不得不进行自卫反击，以保护自己免受进一步伤害。)
- Retaliate verbally – 以口头方式进行报复
- Instead of resorting to physical violence, he chose to retaliate verbally by hurling insults at his opponent. (他选择以口头方式进行报复，通过辱骂对手而不是采取肢体暴力。)
- Retaliate fiercely – 猛烈反击
- The army retaliated fiercely against the enemy forces, pushing them back and reclaiming lost territory. (军队对敌军进行了猛烈反击，将其击退并夺回失地。)
- Retaliate in the courtroom – 在法庭上进行报复
- The victim decided to retaliate in the courtroom by filing a lawsuit against their perpetrator. (受害者决定在法庭上进行报复，对施害者提起诉讼。)
- Retaliate politically – 在政治上进行报复
- The opposition party vowed to retaliate politically by launching investigations into the ruling party’s corruption scandals. (反对党发誓要在政治上进行报复，对执政党的腐败丑闻展开调查。)
- Retaliate by boycotting – 通过抵制进行报复
- Consumers retaliated against the unethical practices of the company by boycotting its products. (消费者通过抵制该公司的产品来对其不道德行为进行报复。)
- Retaliate in the media – 在媒体上进行报复
- The celebrity retaliated in the media by giving interviews and revealing damaging information about their former partner. (这位名人通过接受采访并披露与前任合作伙伴相关的破坏性信息，在媒体上进行报复。)
- Retaliate through legal channels – 通过法律途径进行报复
- The company chose to retaliate through legal channels by filing a lawsuit for intellectual property infringement. (该公司选择通过法律途径进行报复，提起知识产权侵权诉讼。)
- Retaliate against unfair treatment – 对不公平待遇进行报复
- The employees united to retaliate against unfair treatment by staging a protest and demanding better working conditions. (员工们联合起来对不公平待遇进行报复，举行抗议活动并要求改善工作条件。)
- Retaliate in the form of sanctions – 以制裁形式进行报复
- The government retaliated in the form of economic sanctions against the offending country. (政府以经济制裁的形式对违规国家进行报复。)
- Retaliate by withdrawing support – 通过撤销支持进行报复
- The organization retaliated by withdrawing financial support from the project due to a breach of trust. (该组织由于信任被破坏，通过撤销对该项目的财务支持进行报复。)
同近义词
react: respond or behave in a particular way in response to something
reciprocate: respond to (a gesture or action) by making a corresponding one
requite: make appropriate return for (a favor, service, or wrongdoing)
