facade
基本释义
[noun] the face of a building, especially the principal front that looks onto a street or open space
[名词] 建筑物的正面,尤指面向街道或空地的主要正面
深入解读
Facade 是一个与熟词 face 同源的单词,该词于17世纪中期由意大利语 facciata (建筑物的正面)经法语 façade 进入英语,也是用来表示建筑物的“正面、立面”,尤指大型建筑物面向街道或空地的主要正面,或者说是“临街正面”。
- 精致的门面同室内的简朴形成鲜明的对比。
The elaborate facade is in stark contrast to the austere interior.
常言道“金玉其外,败絮其中”,也就是说华美的外表可能不过是虚假的装饰,内在并不一定同样精美。与之类似的是, facade 一词到了1845年后也被用来喻指虚假的“表面、外表”,主要指为了掩盖不那么令人愉快或值得称道的事实而刻意保持的一种给人以假象的虚假外表,比如:
- 选民普遍态度冷淡。他们厌倦了这种民主的幌子。
There is widespread apathy among the electorate. They are fed up with this façade of democracy. - 这座城市是一个无序扩张、中心缺失的庞然大物。表面的繁华掩盖了这座城市的肮脏和贫穷。
The city is a sprawling behemoth with no heart. Squalor and poverty lay behind the city’s glittering façade.
从上述例句不难发现, facade 由于借自法语,所以也常常直接使用法语 façade 的拼写形式。
好书例句
But there’s more, and this is not commonly known: behind this facade of racial hatred, the Ravana gang was a brilliantly-conceived commercial enterprise.
但还不止于此,还有一些不为常人所知的秘密:罗婆那帮在表面上只是一个鼓吹种族仇恨的组织,但其实它是一个精心策划出来的商业团体。
出自印裔英国作家萨尔曼·鲁西迪(Salman Rushdie,又译萨尔曼·拉什迪)在1981年出版的长篇小说《午夜之子》(Midnight’s Children)。
外刊例句
- Its latest new building is long and flat, with a façade adorned with a pattern of metal triangles.
它最新建造的一座大楼狭长而扁平,外立面装饰着金属三角图案。
——《经济学人》 - Candidates are so trained to anticipate the usual questions — “What are your biggest strengths and weaknesses?” — that CEOs have to come up with bank-shot questions to get around the polished facades.
应聘者们都是训练有素的,“你最大的优点和缺点是什么?”之类的常见问题他们都能料得到,因此首席执行官们必须提出猝不及防的问题,才能绕开他们精心修饰的外表。
——《纽约时报》
常见短语
Facade 是一个名词,表示外表、表面或幌子。以下是关于 “facade” 的短语:
- Put up a facade: 做表面文章、掩饰真实感情
- Maintain a facade: 维持外表、保持表面
- Hide behind a facade: 藏在外表之后
- Lift the facade: 揭开面纱、揭示真相
- Appearances can be deceiving: 外表可能具有欺骗性
- Maintain a false facade: 维持虚假的外表
- Present a facade of confidence: 展示自信的外表
- See through the facade: 看穿外表
- Project a professional facade: 展现专业的外表
- Keep up the facade: 维持表面
- Peel back the facade: 揭开伪装
- Crack the facade: 打破外表
- Facade of politeness: 礼貌的表面
- Facade of strength: 强大的外表
- Facade of happiness: 幸福的假象
- Facade of innocence: 无辜的外表
- Facade of normalcy: 正常的表象
- Facade of perfection: 完美的外表
- Facade of authority: 权威的外表
- Facade of wealth: 富有的表面
- Facade of generosity: 慷慨的外表
- Facade of humility: 谦虚的表象
- Facade of indifference: 冷漠的外表
- Facade of friendliness: 友善的表面
- Facade of professionalism: 专业的外表
- Facade of success: 成功的幌子
- Facade of sincerity: 真诚的外表
- Facade of power: 强大的外表
- Facade of vulnerability: 脆弱的外表
- Facade of secrecy: 秘密的外表
- Facade of confidence: 自信的外表
同近义词
charade: an absurd pretense intended to create a pleasant or respectable appearance
persona: the aspect of someone’s character that is presented to or perceived by others
pretense: a false display of feelings, attitudes, or intentions