基本释义
[verb] supersede and replace
[动词] 取代和替换
深入解读
Supplant 是一个在词典中与前年推送的 supple 挨在一起的单词。该词比较好记，就是由前缀 sup- （下）+ plant （种植；植物）构成。
14世纪初经古法语 suplanter, sosplanter （绊倒、推翻、驱逐、篡夺）或者直接由拉丁语 supplantare （绊倒、推翻）进入英语后， supplant 原先也是用来表示“绊倒、推翻、击败、剥夺”，后来则主要指“把……排挤掉、篡……之位、撵走”，常意味着使用诡计、欺诈、武力或背叛来夺取或篡夺被剥夺者或被驱逐者的地位、财产或特权，比如：
- 将军密谋借助陆军篡夺无能国王的王位。
The general plotted to supplant the feckless king with the help of the army. - 年轻美貌的妻子发现自己竟被一个丑陋的女人取而代之。
The pretty young wife finds herself having been supplanted by a brisk, unlovely woman.
从这个概念出发，到了17世纪70年代后， supplant 开始发展出现在的常用含义泛指“取代、替代”，常作正式用语使用，侧重指将年老者或者过时的事物连根拔起后取而代之，这时不再含有欺骗或背叛之意，比如：
- 那位德高望重的老人可能会被一个年龄比他小的人取代。
The venerable old man may be supplanted by a younger man. - 当弟弟或妹妹出生后，小孩子常常会觉得自己在父母心中的地位被取代了。
Small children can often feel supplanted in their parents’ affections when a new brother or sister is born.
图书例句
No amount of reading and intelligent deduction could supplant the direct experience.
再多的阅读和智力推理也无法取代亲身体会。
出自英国当代作家约翰·福尔斯（John Fowles）。
外刊例句
- Eventually, an absolute decline seemed likely, as cards and apps supplanted notes and coins.
最终，随着各种卡和应用取代纸币和硬币，现金似乎会发生绝对的衰落。
——《经济学人》 - News goes on air as it emerges in a furious competitive scramble, and then if it proves inaccurate it is supplanted rather than corrected.
在激烈的新闻争夺战中，新闻刚刚出现就会被播出，如果播出的内容被证实有误，它们会被替代掉，而不是被修正。
——《纽约时报》
深度学习
supplant (sup PLANT) This verb can be used as a synonym for “usurp,” but it even more strongly suggests underhanded doings, trickery. How appro-priate for a word whose origin means “to put one’s foot under the sole of another’s foot”; in short, “to trip up.”
- Although Lisa was friendly enough to her, Sara Jane knew she was scheming to supplant her as division head.
- King Henry IV of England was himself a usurper, so when the old and ill man sees his son, Prince Hal, trying on his crown, he recognizes, unhappily, a young prince’s desire to supplant an older ruler.
——摘自《Fiske WordPower: The Most Effective System for Building a Vocabulary That Gets Results Fast》
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replace（sup PLANT）这个动词可以用作“篡位”的同义词，但它更强烈地暗示了卑鄙的行为和诡计。对于一个起源于“把一只脚放在另一只脚底下”的词来说，这有多合适；简而言之，“绊倒”。
- 尽管丽莎对她足够友好，但Sara Jane知道她正在密谋取代她成为部门主管
- 英格兰国王亨利四世本身就是一个篡位者，所以当这位年老多病的人看到他的儿子哈尔王子试图加冕时，他不高兴地意识到一位年轻的王子想要取代一位年长的统治者
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常见短语
取代（Supplanting）:
- Supplant the old regime – 取代旧政权
- Replace the existing system – 替代现有体制
- Displace the established order – 排挤既定秩序
- Substitute for the previous model – 代替以前的模式
- Supplant the traditional method – 取代传统方法
- Overtake the dominant position – 超越主导地位
- Supplant the incumbent leader – 取代现任领导者
- Replace the outdated technology – 替换过时的技术
- Supplant the current market leader – 取代当前的市场领导者
- Dislodge the established brand – 撤换既定品牌
取而代之（Supplanting）:
- One trend supplants another – 一种趋势取代另一种趋势
- New ideas supplant old beliefs – 新观念取代旧信念
- Emerging technologies supplant outdated methods – 新兴技术取代过时方法
- Innovation supplants tradition – 创新取代传统
- Changing demographics supplant previous population patterns – 变化的人口结构取代以前的人口模式
- Advancements in medicine supplant old treatments – 医学进步取代旧治疗方法
- Alternative energy sources supplant fossil fuels – 可替代能源取代化石燃料
- Online shopping supplants brick-and-mortar stores – 网上购物取代实体店铺
- Digital media supplants traditional media – 数字媒体取代传统媒体
- Virtual meetings supplant in-person gatherings – 虚拟会议取代面对面聚会
其他相关表达（Supplanting）:
- Take over the position – 接管职位
- Replace with a more suitable candidate – 用更合适的候选人替代
- Succeed to the role – 继任该角色
- Assume control – 掌控
- Assume the mantle – 承担责任
- Assume the reins – 掌管大权
- Steal the spotlight – 夺取风头
- Edge out the competition – 挤掉竞争对手
- Outperform and replace – 超越并取代
- Supersede the previous standard – 取代以前的标准
同近义词
displace: take over the place, position, or role of
replace: take the place of
supersede: take the place of (a person or thing previously in authority or use
