黛玉葬花辞
[清]曹雪芹
花谢花飞飞满天，
红消香断有谁怜？
游丝[1]软系飘春榭[2]，
落絮轻沾扑绣帘。
闺中女儿惜春暮，
愁绪满怀无着处；
手把[3]花锄出绣帘，
忍踏落花来复去。
柳丝榆荚[4]自芳菲，
不管桃飘与李飞；
桃李明年能再发，
明年闺中知有谁。
三月香巢初垒成，
梁间燕子太无情；
明年花发虽可啄，
却不道人去梁空巢也倾。
一年三百六十日，
风刀霜剑[5]严相逼；
明媚鲜妍[6]能几时，
一朝漂泊难寻觅。
花开易见落难寻，
阶前愁杀葬花人；
独把花锄偷洒泪，
洒上空枝见血痕。
杜鹃无语正黄昏，
荷锄[7]归去掩重门；
青灯照壁人初睡，
冷雨敲窗被未温。
怪侬[8]底事[9]倍伤神，
半为怜春半恼春；
怜春忽至恼忽去，
至又无言去不闻。
昨宵庭外悲歌发，
知是花魂与鸟魂；
花魂鸟魂总难留，
鸟自无言花自羞。
愿侬此日生双翼，
随花飞到天尽头；
天尽头，何处有香丘？
未若锦囊收艳骨，
一抔[10]净土掩风流；
质本洁来还洁去，
不教污淖[11]陷渠沟。
尔[12]今死去侬收葬，
未卜[13]侬身何日丧？
侬今葬花人笑痴，
他年葬侬知是谁？
试看春残花渐落，
便是红颜老死时。
一朝春尽红颜老，
花落人亡两不知！
注释：
[1]游丝：飘浮在空气中的柳丝。
[2]榭：建筑在台上的房屋。
[3]把：拿着，拄着。
[4]榆荚：榆树结的果实。
[5]风刀霜剑：寒风像刀，严霜像剑。形容气候寒冷，刺人肌肤。也比喻恶劣的环境。
[6]鲜妍：光彩美艳的样子。
[7]荷锄：扛着锄头。
[8]侬：我，多见于旧诗文中。
[9]底事：什么事。
[10]一抔：一捧。
[11]污淖：泥土。
[12]尔：你，这里指花。
[13]卜：料到，算到。
Lin Daiyu’s Elegy on Flowers
Cao Xueqin[1]
As flowers fall and petals fly across the sky,
Who pities the reds that fade and the scents that die?
Softly the gossamer floats over bowers green;
Gently the willow fluff wafts to embroidered screen.
I am grieved in my chamber to see spring depart.
O where can I pour out my sorrow-laden heart?
I step through my portal, holding in hand a hoe.
On fallen petals could I bear to come and go?
The willow threads and the elm leaves are fresh and gay;
They care not if peach and plum blossoms drift away.
Both the peach and the plum will bloom again next year,
But in my broidered chamber who will then appear?
By the third moon the swallows built their fragrant nest,
But apathetically on the beam they rest.
Next year though they may peck the buds and clay again,
Can their nest on the beam of my chamber remain?
O in the three hundred and sixty days each year,
The cutting wind and biting frost make flowers sear!
How long can their fragrant blossoms last fresh and fair?
Once when they’re blown away, they can be found nowhere.
It’s harder to find flowers fallen than in bloom;
Before the steps their grave-digger is filled with gloom.
Alone with hoe in hand, my tears secretly shed,
On their bare branches like drops of blood turn them red.
As twilight falls, the woeful cuckoos sing no more;
I come back with my hoe and close the double door.
Abed in dimly-lit chamber when night is still,
Cold rain pelts my window and I feel my quilt chill.
I wonder why I should be thrown in such a fret:
Is it for love of spring or is it for regret?
I love spring when it comes and regret when it goes;
It comes and goes as silently as water flows.
Last night from the courtyard a plaintive dirge was heard.
Was it sung by the soul of flower or of bird?
The bird’s soul or the flower’s is hard to detain;
The flowers are bashful and silent birds remain.
I long on wings to fly
With flowers to the end of the earth and the sky.
At earth’s uttermost bound,
Where can I find a sweet-scented burial mound?
Why don’t I shroud in silken bag the petals fair
And bury them in earth with which they’ll blend fore’er?
For pure they come and pure they go,
Not sinking into dirt below.
Now they are dead, I come to bury them today.
Who can divine the date when I shall pass away?
Men laugh at my folly in burying fallen flowers.
But who will bury me when come my final hours?
See spring depart and flowers wither by and by!
This is the time when beauty must grow old and die.
One day when spring is gone and beauty dead, alas!
Who will care for the fallen bloom and buried lass?
注释：
[1]Cao Xueqin was the greatest novelist of the Qing Dynasty and this elegy is selected from his novel A Dream of Red Mansions.
