SAT GRE
外刊例句
- A fairer, more productive workforce is a prize worth having, but not if it shackles and dehumanises employees.
一个更公平、生产率更高的工作场所值得拥有，但如果它束缚了员工，抹杀了人性，就得不偿失了。
——《经济学人》 - Freed from the shackles of the European Union, Britain’s economy would prosper and its security would increase.
摆脱欧盟的束缚后，英国经济会蓬勃发展，其安全程度也会有所提升。
——《纽约时报》
基本释义
[noun] a pair of fetters connected together by a chain, used to fasten a prisoner’s wrists or ankles together
[名词] 用链子连接在一起的一对镣铐，用来把囚犯的手腕或脚踝绑在一起
深入解读
看到 shackle 就很容易联想起 shack （简陋的小屋、棚屋，美剧中常用 shack up with sb 表示“与某人同居”）一词，虽然形似，不过两者却没有什么关系，其中前者 shackle 的基本含义是指“镣铐、手铐、脚镣”，比如：
- 他打开了比利的手铐，然后用灭火器把火焰扑灭。
He unbolted the shackles on Billy’s hands and doused the flames with a fire extinguisher.
镣铐这种东西用作比喻义时，自然表示“枷锁、桎梏、束缚、羁绊”，强调对自由的束缚，并使人感到是不可能移动、行进或行动的，比如：
- 他们决心设法把自己从奴隶制的枷锁中解放出来。
They were determined to contrive a way to free themselves from the shackles of slavery.
相应的，当 shackle 用作动词时，除了表示“给某人戴上镣铐”以外，还可以用来喻指“束缚、阻挠、羁绊”，比如：
- 她被铐在一面墙上。落日的余晖透过狭窄的窗户斜射进来。
She was shackled to a wall. The vestigial rays of the declining sun slanted through the narrow window. - 那个国家已无力支付债务利息，正为其债务所困。
The country can no longer service its debts. It is shackled by its own debts.
除此之外， shackle 还可以作名词表示“钩环、钩链、带销U形环”以及作动词表示“用钩环扣住、用钩链把……连在一起”。
名著用例
Their convict uniforms were dirty and foul with sweat, shackles clanked between their ankles when they moved tiredly, and there was an air of apathy and despair about them.
他们穿的囚服，因为有汗，又脏又臭。他们拖着疲倦的脚步走动时，脚镣发出哗啦哗的响声。这几个人都带着一种消沉、绝望的眼神。
出自美国作家玛格丽特·米切尔（Margaret Mitchell）创作的长篇小说《飘》（Gone with the Wind）。该小说在1937年获得普利策奖，是玛格丽特·米切尔在世时出版的唯一一部作品。不但它成为美国史上最为畅销的小说之一，而且由这部小说所改编的同名电影《乱世佳人》也成为影史上不朽的经典。
常见短语
“shackle” 是一个名词和动词，作名词时意为镣铐、束缚，作动词时意为束缚、限制，通常用来形容限制、阻碍或约束某人或某物的行动或自由。
以下是包含 “shackle” 这个词的 50 个短语，附上中文解释：
- Break free from shackles – 摆脱束缚
- Remove the shackles – 解除束缚
- Mental shackles – 心理束缚
- Emotional shackles – 情感束缚
- Break the shackles of fear – 打破恐惧的枷锁
- Release from shackles – 释放出来
- Physical shackles – 身体上的束缚
- Escape the shackles – 逃脱束缚
- Throw off the shackles – 摆脱枷锁
- Creative shackles – 创作上的限制
- Economic shackles – 经济束缚
- Social shackles – 社会束缚
- Cultural shackles – 文化束缚
- Political shackles – 政治束缚
- Break the shackles of tradition – 打破传统的枷锁
- shackles of poverty – 贫困的枷锁
- Release the shackles of ignorance – 解除无知的枷锁
- Psychological shackles – 心理上的束缚
- Break the shackles of conformity – 打破一切的束缚
- Educational shackles – 教育束缚
- Remove the shackles of prejudice – 消除偏见的枷锁
- Escape the shackles of routine – 逃离例行公事的束缚
- Throw off the shackles of addiction – 摆脱成瘾的枷锁
- Break the shackles of dependency – 打破依赖的枷锁
- Financial shackles – 财务束缚
- Personal shackles – 个人束缚
- Break the shackles of self-doubt – 打破自我怀疑的枷锁
- Release the shackles of insecurity – 解除不安全感的枷锁
- Escape the shackles of the past – 逃脱过去的束缚
- Throw off the shackles of apathy – 摆脱冷漠的枷锁
- Break the shackles of laziness – 打破懒惰的枷锁
- Release the shackles of negativity – 解除负面情绪的枷锁
- Escape the shackles of doubt – 逃离怀疑的束缚
- Throw off the shackles of fear – 摆脱恐惧的枷锁
- Break the shackles of addiction – 打破成瘾的枷锁
- Release the shackles of dependency – 解除依赖的枷锁
- Escape the shackles of the past – 逃脱过去的束缚
- Throw off the shackles of apathy – 摆脱冷漠的枷锁
- Break the shackles of laziness – 打破懒惰的枷锁
- Release the shackles of negativity – 解除负面情绪的枷锁
- Escape the shackles of doubt – 逃离怀疑的束缚
- Throw off the shackles of fear – 摆脱恐惧的枷锁
- Break the shackles of complacency – 打破自满的枷锁
- Release the shackles of routine – 解除例行公事的枷锁
- Escape the shackles of conformity – 逃脱从众的束缚
- Throw off the shackles of oppression – 摆脱压迫的枷锁
- Break the shackles of tradition – 打破传统的枷锁
- Release the shackles of ignorance – 解除无知的枷锁
- Escape the shackles of mediocrity – 逃脱平庸的束缚
- Throw off the shackles of fear – 摆脱恐惧的枷锁
这些短语应该有助于你更好地理解 “shackle” 这个词在描述束缚、限制和解脱的语境中的不同应用。
同近义词
- fetter: a chain or manacle used to restrain a prisoner, typically placed around the ankles
- manacle: a metal band, chain, or shackle for fastening someone’s hands or ankles
- tether: a rope or chain with which an animal is tied to restrict its movement
