长干行
(二首其二)
忆妾[1]深闺里,
烟尘不曾识。
嫁与长干人,
沙头[2]候风色。
五月南风兴,
思君下[3]巴陵。
八月西风起,
想君发[4]扬子。
去来悲如何,
见少离别多。
湘潭[5]几日到?
妾梦越风波!
昨夜狂风度,
吹折江头树。
淼淼[6]暗无边,
行人在何处?
好乘浮云骢[7],
佳期兰渚[8]东。
鸳鸯绿蒲上,
翡翠[9]锦屏中。
自怜十五余,
颜色桃花红。
那作商人妇,
愁水复愁风!
如果说第一首诗从各个生活阶段的各个生活侧面着手,塑造出一个对理想生活执着追求和热切向往的商贾思妇的艺术形象,那么第二首则从商妇望夫说起,感情层层深入,直至自怜自恨而止,抒写妻子对外出远商的丈夫的挚爱和思念,凄切幽怨,缠绵感人。评论界普遍认为,第二首比第一首稍逊一筹,第二首与其他闺怨诗一样直接从幽怨的少妇下笔,第一首自出机杼从童年时两小无猜写起。其实,第一首呈现的是一幅幅生活场景,着重刻画人物性格,满腹相思还未倾诉,这就引出了第二首。如果说第一首是清水出芙蓉的水墨画,那么第二首就是色彩浓得化不开的油画,满纸都是浓浓的相思。
注释:
[1]妾:作“昔”。
[2]沙头:沙岸。
[3]下:作“在”。
[4]发:出发。
[5]湘潭:泛指湖南一带。
[6]淼淼:形容水势浩大。
[7]浮云骢(cōnɡ):骏马。西汉文帝有骏马名浮云。
[8]兰渚:长有兰草的小洲。
[9]翡翠:水鸟名。
Ballads of a Merchant’s Wife
(II)
Brought up while young in inner room,
I knew nor wind nor dust that rose.
Since you became my dear bridegroom,
I’ve learned on Sands from where wind blows.
In the fifth moon south wind is high,
I know you’re sailing the river down;
In the eighth moon west wind comes nigh,
I think you’ll leave the river town.
I’m grieved to see you come and go:
We sever longer than we meet.
When will you come home?Let me know!
To cross the waves my dream is fleet.
Last night a violent wind blew,
Breaking the trees by riverside.
So dark the boundless waters grew!
Where could your roving ship abide?
I’d ride upon a cloud-like steed
To meet you east of River Green
Like two love birds amid the reed
Or kingfishers on silken screen.
I pity my fifteen odd years,
Like blooming peach my face is warm.
But I’m a merchant’s wife in tears,
Who worries over wind and storm.