Li Bai has both a proud side and a secular side. His ideals and freedom can only be sought in the mountains and forests, fairyland, and drunk country. Therefore, he has flowed in poems such as “Jiang Jinjiu”, “Jiangshang Yin”, “Xiangyang Song” and other poems. Revealing the thoughts of life as a dream, having fun in time, escaping from reality, etc., are also representative of the upright and arrogant literati in feudal society.

 

峨眉山月歌

峨眉山[1]月半轮秋[2],

影[3]入平羌[4]江水流。

夜发[5]清溪[6]向三峡,

思君不见下[7]渝州[8]。

这首诗是公元724年李白第一次离开故乡时写的七言绝句。第一句中峨眉山月象征金黄的秋天,一弯新月有如金秋的眉毛。第二句写月影随江水东流,是顺流而下才看得到的景色。第三句写人写地,用地名来叙事。第四句抒情,句中的“君”指山月,因为山高蔽月,所以就见山不见月了。诗中把月拟人化,形象很美;离情不断如水,意境深远。这首诗的特点是用了五个地名:峨眉、平羌、清溪、三峡、渝州,“四句入地名者五,古今目为绝唱,殊不厌重”(王麟洲语)。如果把前两句的地名删掉,改成“山月半轮秋,影入江水流”,没有地方色彩,不能融景入情,反而会显得一般化。而李白的长处正是把地名化在叙事、写景、抒情之中,化腐朽为神奇。

注释:

[1]峨眉山:位于今四川省乐山市。

[2]半轮秋:半圆的秋月,即上弦月或下弦月。

[3]影:月光的影子。

[4]平羌:一指青衣江,处于峨眉山东北。其源头出于四川芦山,流经乐山汇入岷江。

[5]发:出发。

[6]清溪:指清溪驿,在峨眉山附近。

[7]下:顺流而下。

[8]渝州:治所在巴县,今重庆一带。

The Moon over the Eyebrow Mountains[1]

The crescent moon looks like old Autumn’s golden brow,

Its deep reflection flows with limpid water blue.

I’ll leave the town on Clear Stream for Three Canyons now.

O Moon,how I miss you when you are out of view![2]

注释:

[1]In present-day Sichuan Province.

[2]The moon was screened from view by the riverside cliffs.