与史郎中[1]钦听黄鹤楼上吹笛
一为迁客[2]去长沙[3],
西望长安不见家。
黄鹤楼中吹玉笛,
江城[4]五月落梅花。
李白于公元758年流放夜郎经过武昌时,游黄鹤楼,写下此诗。诗人先引贾谊为同调,用贾谊的不幸来比喻自身的遭遇,对自己的无辜受害表示忧愤。长安远在万里之外,那里已经没有家了,去路茫茫,不知前方有什么在等待着,诗人不免感到惆怅,这时响起的笛声使他感到格外凄凉,仿佛五月的江城落满了梅花。诗人巧借笛声来渲染愁情。时值初夏,诗人听见《梅花落》犹如置身漫天飘落的梅花之中,不觉寒气凛凛,正是诗人心情冷落的写照,传神地表达了怀念帝都之情和“望”而“不见”的愁苦。
注释:
[1]郎中:官名,为朝廷各部所属的高级部员。
[2]迁客:被贬谪之人。
[3]去长沙:此处指贾谊因受权臣谗毁,贬为长沙王太傅之事。
[4]江城:指江夏(今湖北省武汉市武昌区),因在长江、汉水滨,故称江城。
On Hearing the Flute in Yellow Crane Tower
Since I was banished to the riverside town,
Looking westward,I’ve found no house I’d call my own.
Hearing in Yellow Crane Tower the flute’s sad tune,
I seem to see mume blossoms fall in the fifth moon.[1]
注释:
[1]The mume blossoms blow in winter or spring,not in summer(the fifth moon).Hearing the flute,the poet became so sad as to take summer for winter.