（鲸鱼研究者 克里斯汀加布里埃莱）
to hear these whales having this long vocal exchange.
听到这些鲸鱼进行长时间的声音交流
一头鲸发出声音 然后是一头母鲸和它的幼崽
One vocalizing, and then a mother and calf.
这是我从来没听过的
I mean, I’d never heard that before.
你可以想象如果你试图与朋友们说话
You can imagine, if you were trying to communicate with your friends,
而你在拥挤的酒吧里
and you’re in a crowded bar.
这是很困难的 你不会说很多 说话时也得大喊
It’s hard to do, you don’t say as much, and when you do, you have to scream.
（鲸鱼研究者 苏西特尔林克博士）
可是如果你找一个舒服安静的咖啡馆
But if you find yourself a nice, quiet coffee shop
没有那么多噪音
where there isn’t much noise,
你就可以进行更加深入且有意义的对话
you can carry on a much more elaborate and productive conversation.
然而还有更加出人意料的发现
But there’s something even more surprising.
现在鲸鱼可以在更远的距离 进行不受干扰的交流
Now the whales can communicate across greater distances without interruption.
有些母鲸 比如这一头 会离开它的幼崽
And some mothers, like this one, leave their calves alone.
这是极其少见的
An extremely rare sight.
它现在可以去更远的地方捕食
She can now head off to feed,
因为它知道 如果幼崽需要它 它可以听见呼唤声
safe in the knowledge that she can hear her calf if it needs her.
哺乳的母鲸需要尽可能多进食
A nursing mother needs to eat as much as possible…
最好的办法是与其他成年鲸一起捕食
and the best way to do so is to hunt with other adults.
鲸鱼潜入水下
The whales dive down…
吹出一圈气泡墙
blowing a circular wall of bubbles…
将鱼群集中
corralling the fish into shoals…
然后将几千条鱼吞下
before gorging on them in their thousands.
这是大自然最壮丽的奇观之一
It’s one of nature’s greatest spectacles.
安静的环境让鲸鱼安心
Reassured by the quiet,
座头鲸母亲能够更经常地这样合作
humpback mothers are able to team up in this way more often.
今年 这里只有它们
This year, they’ve got the place to themselves.
它们可以随时随地做任何想做的事情
They’re doing anything they want, wherever they want, whenever they want.
在往年
In previous years,
只有7%的幼崽能够长到成年
as few as 7% of calves made it to adulthood.
而这一季 无疑有更多幼鲸有机会生存下来
But this season, there’s every chance many more will survive.
希望在鲸鱼境况不佳的几个困难年份之后
Hopefully, after a few tough years where whales were not doing so well,
（鲸鱼研究者 珍妮特尼尔森）
这次疫情能够在它们最需要的时候 给它们一个喘息的机会
this pandemic has given them a break at a time that they needed it most.
这种水下噪音水平的变化 远不止在阿♥拉♥斯加才有
This change in underwater noise levels went far beyond Alaska.
全球海运交通 在封锁的头三个月下降了17%
Global shipping traffic drops by 17% in the first three months of lockdown,
改善了海洋生物的生存状况
improving the lives of animals across the oceans.
（新西兰 豪拉基湾）
在新西兰海域的海豚
Dolphins off New Zealand
交流的距离增加为三倍
triple the range of their communication.
（加拿大 萨利希海）
And researchers in Vancouver record a fourfold reduction in ship noise
温哥华的研究人员记录到 船只噪音下降了四倍
这让虎鲸能在捕猎时
that allows killer whales to use their sonar
更有效地使用它们的超声波
more effectively in hunting their prey.
疫情持续了三个月
It’s three months into the pandemic.
（三个月）
In the United States, nearly half the labor force is working from home.
在美国 几乎一半的劳动力在家工作
在全球范围内 有四分之一的商家关闭
And globally, a quarter of businesses are shut.
酒吧、餐馆和咖啡厅持续关闭
Bars, restaurants and cafés remain closed.
总之 零售业都关门了
When all is said and done, the retail business is shut down.
现在感觉像是一座废弃的城市 周围没有一个人
Right now it feels abandoned. Like there’s no one around.
在世界的各大城市
Across the world’s major cities,
人流量减少了90%以上
footfall is reduced by more than 90%.
城市中心几乎渺无人迹
With urban centers almost deserted…
随之出现了奇特的景象
remarkable pictures emerge
动物们在享受城市生活
of animals taking advantage of city living.
（南非 圣卢西亚）
一只河马正在前往加油站
A hippo on a trip to the gas station.
（以色列 特拉维夫）
胡狼在公园游荡
Jackals enjoying the local park.
（智利 圣地亚哥）
人行道上居然有一只美洲狮出没
Even a puma prowling the sidewalk.
然而有一种动物以别出心裁的方式
But one animal adapts to these abandoned urban spaces
适应着荒芜的城市空间
with particular ingenuity.
（日本 奈良市）
（每年游客人数 一千三百万）
奈良市是一群梅花鹿的家乡
The city of Nara has been home to a group of sika deer
这已经延续了至少一千三百年
for at least 1,300 years.
大部分它们赖以为生的草地
Most of the meadows they relied on for food
已经被建筑物所取代
had been taken over by buildings.
但这些平常胆小怕生的动物 找到了一条出路
But these normally shy animals had found a solution.
梅花鹿转而向每年到访奈良寺庙的 一千三百万游客求助
The deer turned to the 13 million annual visitors to Nara’s temples…
它们发现表现出一点敬意
and discovered that showing a bit of respect…
会带来美味的奖励
would bring tasty rewards.
米糠饼干已经成为它们食物中的重要部分
Rice bran crackers had become a vital part of their diet.
但疫情改变了这种状况
But the pandemic changed that.
它们最喜欢的外卖♥♥一夜之间消失了
Their favorite takeout disappeared overnight.
没有游客就没有饼干
No people means no crackers.
有人担心梅花鹿可能会饿死
There’s concern that the deer might starve.
但一些老梅花鹿似乎胸有成竹
But some of the older generation appear to have a plan.
它们带着一群鹿走出了寺庙
They lead a group out of the temple grounds.
它们似乎确切地知道该去哪里
And they seem to know exactly where they’re going.
它们沿着一条主道走去
They’re heading down a major road…
进入城市的水泥森林更深处
deep into the concrete jungle of the city.
可是它们在这个庞大的城市中 在哪里能找到食物？
But where will they find food in this urban sprawl?
走了2公里半的距离之后
After a two-and-a-half kilometer trek…
这群鹿停了下来
the group comes to a halt.
这片不起眼的草地 曾经是它们觅食之地的一部分
This unassuming patch was once part of their grazing grounds.
令人惊叹的是 年长的鹿
Remarkably, the older deer
似乎记得这里是它们曾经吃草的地方
seem to have remembered it as the place where they used to feed.
而且这里提供了它们需要的一切
And it provides everything they need:
青草、树叶和香草
fresh grass, leaves and herbs.
在接下来的几周中
Over the following weeks,
它们在这些仅存的零散土地上吃草
they graze across a patchwork of these surviving scraps of land.
人类的离场还有另外一个优点
And there was another upside to the absence of people.
科学家发现这种新的饮食结构 不仅让它们更加健康
Scientists have discovered that not only did this new diet make them healthier…
并且游客人数的减少 意味着塑料垃圾也减少了
but fewer visitors meant less plastic trash,
让鹿免于误食死亡的风险
which can kill deer.
即使动物似乎从我们的存在中获益
Even when it seems that animals benefit from our presence…
在很多情况下 没有我们它们会过得更好
in many cases, they’re actually better off without us.
在实行封锁四个月后 在所有人类退出的地方
Four months into lockdown, and wherever we step back,
（阿根廷 布宜诺斯艾利斯 人口 一千五百二十万）
我们留下的空间 为野生动物提供了新的机会
the space we leave is providing wildlife with new opportunities.
在阿根廷
In Argentina…
通常很害羞的水豚
normally shy capybara
突袭了这个富裕郊区修剪整齐的花♥园♥
raid the manicured gardens of this well-heeled suburb…
这个郊区就建在它们曾经的湿地家园上
which has been built on their former wetland home.
似乎没有什么可以阻止它们 享受原本是它们的地盘
Nothing seems to stop them enjoying what was originally theirs.
好吧
Well…
几乎没有
almost nothing.
我们缺席的时间越长 动物们就变得越勇敢
The longer our absence continues, the more daring animals become.
当非洲的游猎季被取消
And when the safari season in Africa is canceled…
（南非 姆普马兰加省 每年游客人数 四百二十万）
…one deadly hunter rewrites the rule book.
一个致命猎手重写了游戏规则
这座豪华旅馆空空如也
This luxury lodge stands empty.
但不必多久 新的客人就开始入住了
But it doesn’t take long before new guests begin to check in.
长尾黑颚猴在泳池边预订了座位
Vervet monkeys reserve a spot by the pool.
与此同时 黑斑羚和安氏林羚
While impala and nyala antelope
在尽情享用沙拉吧
take advantage of the salad bar.
但它们身后不远处
But not far behind…
出现了一只成年雄性金钱豹
a fully grown male leopard.
这种通常夜间捕猎的动物在白天出现
The appearance during the day of this usually nocturnal hunter
确实出人意料
is a real surprise.
尤其对我们的摄制组来说
Not least for our film crew.
大家站着别动
Just stand still, guys.
I’ve had some intimidating moments in my life, but that is at the top of it.
（野生动物摄影师 罗素麦克劳林）
我一生中遇到过一些吓人的时刻 刚才那一刻是数一数二的了
在整个非洲
Across Africa,
金钱豹有超过60%的领地已经被人类占据
leopards have lost over 60% of their territory to people,
这使得捕猎比以往更加困难
making hunting ever more challenging.
但在这里 没有游客在周围
But here, with no guests around,
金钱豹看到了机会
this leopard sees an opportunity
它的行为发生了惊人的改变
and makes a remarkable switch in his behavior.
它开始在白天捕猎
He starts hunting during the day.
也许需要尝试几次
It may take a few attempts…
但没过多久
but it’s not long…
它的新策略
before his new strategy…
© 2014-2024 pabulika.com 版权所有
