《咏史》是唐代诗人李商隐创作的一首七言律诗。这首诗的首联回顾以往的朝代，勤俭能使国家昌盛而奢侈腐败会使国家灭亡，提出了一切政权成败的关键。颔联提出一个王朝的兴衰，自有其更复杂、更本质的原因所在。颈联推进一步，认为比勤俭更为重要的是国运和国力，这是此诗的主旨。尾联是对唐文宗的哀悼，抒发了对国家命运关注的深情。
咏史
李商隐
北湖[1]南埭[2]水漫漫，
一片降旗百尺竿。
三百年间同晓梦，
钟山[3]何处有龙盘[4]？
注释：
[1] 北湖：玄武湖，相传南朝刘宋时湖中有黑龙出现而得名。湖的东面为钟山，湖的南面为鸡笼山。
[2] 南埭（dài）：鸡鸣埭，位于鸡笼山东麓的山阜上，此处在南朝梁时建有同泰寺，为南京佛教首刹，后因侯景之乱而荒废。直到明代重建同泰寺，并更名为鸡鸣寺。
[3] 钟山：紫金山，位于南京东北十里左右，历史上曾用金山、蒋山等名字。
[4] 龙盘：张勃《吴录》中记载，刘备派诸葛亮出使吴国，诸葛亮看到金陵的景观后称赞说“钟山龙盘，石头（石头城）虎踞，帝王之宅也”。这里借用“龙盘”来指帝王之气。
On History
Li Shangyin
Water shimmers in Northern Lake and by Southern Tower,
All kings surrendered with white flags to a new power.
Three hundred years have passed like a dream one and all;
No Coiling Dragon could keep kingdoms from downfall.
The Northern Lake, Southern Tower, Mount Coiling Dragon are all in the vicinity of the capital of the six dynasties, but neither mountains nor rivers could defend the kingdom against the invading power.
《咏史》是唐代诗人李商隐创作的一首七言律诗。这首诗的首联回顾以往的朝代，勤俭能使国家昌盛而奢侈腐败会使国家灭亡，提出了一切政权成败的关键。颔联提出一个王朝的兴衰，自有其更复杂、更本质的原因所在。颈联推进一步，认为比勤俭更为重要的是国运和国力，这是此诗的主旨。尾联是对唐文宗的哀悼，抒发了对国家命运关注的深情。
“On History” is a seven-line poem written by Li Shangyin, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. The first couplet of the poem recalls the past dynasties, in which diligence and frugality made a country prosperous while luxury and corruption brought about its downfall, suggesting the key to the success or failure of all regimes. The first couplet suggests that the rise and fall of a dynasty has its own more complex and essential causes. The neck couplet goes further, arguing that what is more important than diligence and frugality is national luck and power, which is the main theme of the poem. The last couplet is a mourning for Tang Emperor Wenzong, expressing the deep concern for the fate of the country.
