客中初夏
司马光[1]
四月清和[2]雨乍晴，
南山当户[3]转分明[4]。
更无柳絮因风起，
惟有葵花向日倾[5]。
注释：
[1] 司马光：宋朝宰相。《千家诗》注说：“初夏为清和节，乍雨乍晴之时。而南山当其户牖，雨来而烟雾微茫，雨霁而峰峦明媚也。柳絮飞尽，无迹可寻，惟有葵花向日而开，以喻新主当阳，小人道消，君子道长也。”诗人用春雨乍晴、柳絮飞尽、南山明媚、葵花向阳，这些典型的事物来描写春去夏至的景象。
[2] 清和：古代称阴历四月为清和，正是风清日暖的月份。
[3] 当户：正对着门口。
[4] 分明：清楚。
[5] 倾：朝向。
Early Summer
Sima Guang
It turns fine after rain in fourth moon clear and clean;
The southern hills before my door are clearly seen.
With rising wind no riot will willow down run;
Only sunflowers turn their heads toward the sun.
《客中初夏》是宋代诗人司马光所写的一首七言绝句。诗人通过对于初夏时节的景色，尤其是对于柳絮和葵花的之间的对比，暗含了对于诗人自己政治抱负的描写即决不在政治上投机取巧，随便附和，而要像葵花一样对于皇帝忠心不二。诗人把王安石等人比作“柳絮”，用“葵花”自比，表达诗人自己对君王的一片忠心。
“Early Summer” is a seven-line poem written by Si Ma Guang, a poet of the Song Dynasty. By comparing the scenery in early summer, especially between the willow wisps and the sunflower, the poet implies his political ambition, that is, not to be opportunistic in politics, but to be loyal to the emperor like the sunflower. The poet compares Wang Anshi and others to “willow flotsam” and uses “sunflower” to express the poet’s own loyalty to the emperor.
