送魏万之京
李颀
朝闻游子唱离歌，
昨夜微霜初渡河。
鸿雁不堪愁里听，
云山[1]况是客中过。
关城[2]树色催寒近，
御苑[3]砧声向晚多。
莫见长安行乐处，
空令岁月易蹉跎。
注释：
[1] 云山：指令人向往的风景。
[2] 关城：指从洛阳西去要经过的古函谷关与潼关。
[3] 御苑：特指长安城内御苑清华的景致。
Seeing Wei Wan off to the Capital
Li Qi
At dawn I hear the roamer’s farewell song;
Last night a thin frost crossed the river long.
Are you not grieved to hear the wild geese cry?
Can you bear clouds and mountains passing by?
Yellow leaves hasten the cold to come near.
Could washerwomen’s song reach their men’s ear?
Don’t make merry in the capital town
And waste the prime of your life up and down!
The poet advises his friend to think more of the hardship than of the pleasure in the capital.
《送魏万之京》是唐代诗人李颀的作品。此诗意在抒发别离的情绪。首联用倒戟法落笔，点出出发前，微霜初落，深秋萧瑟；颔联写离愁，写游子面对云山，黯然伤神；颈联介绍长安秋色，暗寓此地不可长留；末联以长者风度，嘱咐魏万，长安虽乐，不要虚掷光阴，要抓紧成就一番事业。诗人把叙事、写景、抒情融合在一起，以自己的心情来设想、体会友人跋涉的艰辛，表现了诗人与友人之间深切的友情，抒发了诗人的感慨，并及时对友人进行劝勉。全诗自然真切，情深意长，遣词炼句尤为后人所称道。
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The poem “Seeing Wei Wan off to the Capital” is a work by Li Yi, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. This poem is intended to express the emotion of parting. The first couplet is written in an inverted manner, pointing out that before the departure, the frost is falling and the late autumn is sluggish; the first couplet is about the sorrow of leaving, and the wanderer faces the clouds and mountains and is gloomy; the neck couplet introduces the autumn color of Chang’an, implying that this place cannot be stayed for a long time; the last couplet, in the manner of an elder, instructs Wei Wan that although Chang’an is happy, he should not waste time and should hurry to achieve something. The poet blends narrative, landscape writing and lyricism together, envisioning and experiencing the hardships of his friend’s trek with his own mood, expressing the deep friendship between the poet and his friend, expressing the poet’s emotion and timely exhortation to his friend. The whole poem is natural and sincere, with deep and long feelings, and the phrasing is especially praised by later generations.
