寒食[1]寄京师诸弟
韦应物
雨中禁火[2]空斋冷，
江上流莺[3]独坐听。
把酒看花想诸弟，
杜陵[4]寒食草青青。
注释：
[1] 寒食：《荆楚岁时记》云：“冬至后一百五日谓之寒食。”
[2] 禁火：古代寒食节“禁火三日”（《荆楚岁时记》）。
[3] 流莺：莺声圆啭如流。
[4] 杜陵：汉宣帝陵，在西安府城东南十五里。韦应物是杜陵人，以此代指对家乡的思念。
For My Brothers in the Capital on Cold Food Day
Wei Yingwu
No fire is made in empty room on rainy days;
I hear alone the riverside orioles’ lays.
Drinking, I gaze on flowers and miss my brothers dear;
On Cold Food Day homeland grass grows green and drear.
In ancient China the Cold Food Day fell three days ahead of the Mourning Day, that is, the fourth or fifth day in the third lunar month. No fire was made on Cold Food Day because an ancient sage burned himself in the mountains, so people would eat cold food in mourning for him.
《寒食寄京师诸弟》是唐代诗人韦应物创作的一首七言绝句。这首诗从环境写起，言“雨中”、“禁火”、“空斋”，极力渲染孤寂凄冷的氛围，思乡念亲之情已寓其中。接下来写“听莺”、“把酒”、“看花”等活动，虽是赏心乐事，但思乡念亲之情始终无法排遣，以乐景写哀情。末句写家乡杜陵芳草萋萋，以景结情，含蓄隽永
The poem “Sending My Brothers to the Capital on the Winter Eclipse” is a seven-line poem written by Wei Yingyou, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. The poem begins with the setting, “in the rain”, “forbidden fire” and “empty fasting”, and strives to render the atmosphere of loneliness and desolation, in which the feelings of homesickness and nostalgia are already implied. The next lines are about “listening to warblers”, “drinking wine” and “looking at flowers”, which are enjoyable, but the feeling of missing one’s hometown and relatives can never be dispelled. The last line is about the fragrant grass in the hometown of Duling, which is a subtle and meaningful way to end the love with the scene.
