自京赴奉先县咏怀五百字
（节选）
朱门[1]酒肉臭，
路有冻死骨。
荣枯[2]咫尺异，
惆怅[3]难再述。
此诗作于公元755年十月，也就是安史之乱爆发的前一个月。诗人在长安久居10年，终于得到一个看管兵器铠甲的小官职位。不久诗人由长安往奉先探望妻儿，一路所见，故有此诗。原诗太长，这里只节选了传诵千古的四句。作者通过鲜明的对比，形象地揭示出贫富悬殊的社会现实，诗人忧国忧民的情怀与怀才不遇的现实、山雨欲来的动荡时局、诗人一片赤诚的情感，纷繁复杂地交织成沉郁的诗风，成就了这千古名句。
注释：
[1]朱门：豪门望族。
[2]荣枯：繁荣和落寞。将生活奢靡的豪门与路边冻饿而死的穷人进行对比。
[3]惆怅：感慨，难过。
On the Way from the Capital to Fengxian
(Excerpts)
The mansions burst with wine and meat;
The poor die frozen on the street.
Woe stands within an inch of weal.
Distressed, can I tell what I feel?
《自京赴奉先县咏怀五百字》是唐代诗人杜甫创作的一首诗。这首诗是杜甫被授右卫率府胄曹参军不久，由长安往奉先县（今陕西蒲城）探望妻儿时所作。诗人忧国忧民、忠君、念家、怀才不遇等思想情感，错综复杂地交织在一起，构成了这一博大浩瀚、沉郁顿挫的宏篇巨制。此诗深刻地反映了当时尖锐的社会矛盾，“朱门酒肉臭，路有冻死骨”这一千古名句，形象地揭示出贫富悬殊的社会现实。诗歌反映了人民的苦难，揭露了执政集团的荒淫腐败，是杜甫“史诗”中的第一首长篇作品。
The poem “On the Way from the Capital to Fengxian (Excerpts) ” is a poem written by the Tang Dynasty poet Du Fu. The poem was written when Du Fu was visiting his wife and children in Fengxian County (present-day Pucheng, Shaanxi Province) from Chang’an shortly after he was appointed as a cadet in the Right Guard Office. The poet’s thoughts and emotions, such as concern for the country and the people, loyalty to the emperor, nostalgia for his family, and unfulfilled talent, are intricately woven together to form this vast and depressing masterpiece. The poem profoundly reflects the acute social contradictions of the time, and the famous line “The wine and flesh of the vermilion gate stinks, and the bones of the road are frozen to death” reveals the social reality of the disparity between the rich and the poor. The poem reflects the hardships of the people and exposes the desolation and corruption of the ruling clique, making it the first full-length work in Du Fu’s “epic”.
