自河南经乱[1]，关内阻饥[2]，兄弟离散，各在一处。因望月有感，聊书所怀，寄上浮梁大兄[3]、于潜七兄[4]、乌江十五兄[5]，兼示符离[6]及下邽[7]弟妹
白居易
时难[8]年荒[9]世业[10]空，弟兄羁旅[11]各西东。
田园寥落[12]干戈[13]后，骨肉流离道路中。
吊影[14]分为千里雁，辞根[15]散作九秋蓬[16]。
共看明月应垂泪，一夜乡心[17]五处[18]同。
注释：
[1] 河南经乱：贞元十五年（799）春，宣武节度使董晋死后，部下举兵叛乱。三月，彰义节度使吴少诚又叛。这两次战乱，都在当时河南遭境内。
[2] 关内阻饥：贞元十四、十五年，长安周围旱灾严重。阻饥，艰难饥荒。
[3] 浮梁大兄：诗人的大哥白幼文，于贞元十五年任浮梁县主簿。
[4] 于潜七兄：诗人叔父的大儿子，曾任于潜县尉。
[5] 乌江十五兄：诗人的堂兄，曾任乌江县主簿。
[6] 符离：今安徽省宿县。诗人父亲在彭城为官，将家安在符离，所以符离是诗人青年时期的故乡。
[7] 下邽：今陕西省渭南县，也是诗人的老家。
[8] 时难：指“河南兵乱”。
[9] 年荒：指“关内阻饥”。
[10] 世业：祖宗留下的产业。
[11] 羁旅：流落异乡。
[12] 寥落：荒芜。
[13] 干戈：指战乱。
[14] 吊影：指形影相吊、孤单寂寞的样子。
[15] 辞根：树叶离开根部，比喻兄弟背井离乡。
[16] 九秋蓬：秋风中的飞蓬，比喻兄弟迁徙，行踪不定。
[17] 乡心：思念故乡之心。
[18] 五处：指题目中所提到的那五个地方。
Thinking of My Brothers and Sisters Scattered Here and There, I Write this Poem for Them by the Light of the Moon
Bai Juyi
Hard times with famine spread ruins in our home town;
My brothers go their way east or west, up and down.
Battles have left the fields and gardens desolate;
By roadside wander families wars separate.
Like far-off wild geese over lonely shadows we weep,
As scattered rootless tumbleweed in autumn deep.
We should shed yearning tears to view the moon apart;
Though in five places, we have the same homesick heart.
The poet shows his love for his brothers and sisters scattered in five places in wartime.
《自河南经乱关内阻饥兄弟离散各在一处因望月有感聊书所怀寄上浮梁大兄於潜七兄乌江十五兄兼示符离及下邽弟妹》是唐代诗人白居易创作的一首七言律诗。此诗描写了动乱时期田园荒芜、骨肉分离的情景，表现了战乱给人民带来的灾难，抒发了兄弟姐妹间的思念之情。全诗句句扣紧主题，言辞清丽，不加雕饰，淡而有致，意蕴精深，情韵动人。
This poem is a seven-line poem written by Bai Juyi, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. The poem depicts the desolation of the fields and the separation of flesh and blood during the period of turmoil, expressing the disaster brought by the war to the people, and expressing the feelings of longing between brothers and sisters. The poem’s lines are tightly focused on the theme, and the words are clear, unadorned, light and elegant, with deep meaning and touching rhythm.
